Great Viet Nationalist Party Đại Việt Quốc dân Đảng | |
|---|---|
| Founder | Trương Tử Anh |
| Founded | 10 December 1939 (85 years, 352 days)[1] |
| Ideology | Vietnamese nationalism Anti-communism Three Principles of the People |
| Political position | Right-wing |
| Colors | Red, Blue, White |
| Anthem | Việt Nam minh châu trời Đông Vietnam – Pearl of the Orient |
| Party flag | |
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| Website | |
| daivietquocdandang.net | |
TheĐại Việt Nationalist Party (inVietnamese:Đại Việt Quốc dân Đảng,pronounced[ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔviət̚˧˨ʔkuək̚˧˦zən˧˧ʔɗaːŋ˧˩]), often known simply asĐại Việt orĐVQDĐ, is anationalist and anti-communistpolitical party and militant organisation that was active inVietnam in the 20th century. The party expanded duringWorld War II and advocated 'survival nationalism'. The party later had ties withNguyễn Văn Thiệu in South Vietnam.[2] The party continues to be active outside of Vietnam, with the goal of a multi-party democratic government for the country.[3][better source needed]
The party was founded byTrương Tử Anh,[4] known as "Anh Cả Phương" ("Eldest Brother Phương") in 1939. Among the original members were several prominent figures in Vietnam's politics, such as Dr.Phan Huy Quát and Dr.Nguyễn Tôn Hoàn.[5]
During the era ofFrench colonialism under Japanese military occupation, the Đại Việt engaged in military attacks in an effort to gain independence. Some Đại Việt members were trained in military academies in southern China run by theKuomintang (KMT), before theChinese Communist Revolution. The party was Japanese-leaning when it joined theĐại Việt National Alliance in 1944. As that alliance fell apart, it joined the KMT-backedNationalist Parties Front of Vietnam in May 1945.[6]: 227, 233
After the communist-ledViet Minh sought toconsolidate power by eliminating rival nationalist parties, many Đại Việt partisans opted to support theState of Vietnam.[7]: 440 After thepartition of Vietnam in 1954, the Đại Việt were banned in the communistNorth Vietnam. They continued to be active inSouth Vietnam as an opposition to PresidentNgô Đình Diệm, although internal divisions had emerged.
Elitism crippled the party, preventing it from forming a broad base of support among the public. According to Edwin M. Moise, the Đại Việt were compelled to rely extensively on foreign support, which jeopardized their nationalism's legitimacy. As a result, even high-ranking members of the organizations under their authority found it difficult to inspire real devotion. They couldn't rely on the allegiance of the peasants alone; they couldn't even rely on the fidelity of their own army leaders.[2]
Notable members included:
Media related toDaiviet Nationalist Party at Wikimedia Commons| International | |
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