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National question (Quebec)

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Discussion about the future status of Quebec within Canada

Thenational question (inFrench:la question nationale) is an expression referring to the discussion about the future status ofQuebec withinCanada, taking into consideration issues ofautonomy,sovereignty, andindependence.^[1]^[2]

Various political positions in answer to the national question

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Quebec sovereignty movement
- Independence with an economic union withCanada
- Independence without an economic union with Canada
Quebec federalism
- Furtherautonomy within theCanadian federation, along with national recognition as adistinct society and autonomous province separate from other provinces in country
- Asymmetrical federalism
- Status quo

References

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^Dufour, Pascale; Bergeron-Gaudin, Jean-Vincent; Chicoine, Luc (2020-06-23)."Social Movements and the National Question in Quebec: The Institutional Legacy of a Cleavage".Canadian Journal of Political Science.53 (3). Cambridge University Press (CUP):658–675.doi:10.1017/s0008423920000347.ISSN 0008-4239.
^Howard, Rhoda E. (1991)."The National Question in Canada: Quebec".Human Rights Quarterly.13 (3): 412.doi:10.2307/762624. Retrieved2025-09-01.

v t e Politics of Quebec
Lieutenant Governor	J. Michel Doyon Former lieutenant-governors
Premier	François Legault Former premiers Premiers by time in office Cabinet Government departments
Opposition Leader	Marc Tanguay Former opposition leaders
Speaker of the Assembly	Nathalie Roy Former speakers
Legislature	Members Current assembly Former assemblies Legislative Council Government House Leader
Political parties	Coalition Avenir Québec Liberal Party Parti Québécois Québec solidaire more...
Elections	General elections Provincial by-elections Electoral districts Municipal elections Federal elections in Quebec 1980 independence referendum 1995 independence referendum
Current issues	Quebec nationalism National question Quebec federalism Quebec autonomism Quebec sovereignty 2012 Quebec student protests
Other Canadian politics	Federal BC AB SK MB ON QC NB NS PEI NL YU NT NU

v t e Canadian identity
Culture of Canada Canadian cultural protectionism Demographics of Canada Canadian values
National identities in Canada	Canadians Canadian ethnicity Canadian nationalism Quebec nationalism culture of Quebec Western alienation Alberta separatism Annexationism Anti-Americanism
Symbols	National Provincial and territorial Royal Flags Heraldry Debates and legislation: Name (1867) Canadian Citizenship Act, 1946 National Anthem Act (1980) Debate on the monarchy in Canada monarchism andrepublicanism Great Flag debate (1963–1964)
Culture	Culture of Canada Canadiana Sports: ice hockey lacrosse Cuisine: maple syrup poutine Festivals: Calgary Stampede Carnaval Media of Canada Architecture of Canada Canadian humour Music of Canada
Landmarks, parks and nature	National parks Winter in Canada Niagara Falls CN Tower Parliament Hill Chateau Frontenac Plains of Abraham Banff Canadian Rockies
War and peacekeeping	Canadian Armed Forces List of Canadian peacekeeping missions War of 1812 Canada in World War I Canada in World War II Canada in the Cold War Canada and the Vietnam War Canada in the Korean War Canada in the War in Afghanistan
Crown corporations	Government of Canada CBC Bank of Canada Royal Canadian Mint Royal Canadian Mounted Police VIA Rail Canada Inc
Relations betweenEnglish andFrench Canada	Acadian movement Great Upheaval Anti-Quebec sentiment National question (Quebec) Quebec sovereignty movement Federalism in Quebec Two Solitudes Distinct society État québécois: Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms Charter of the French Language Civil Code of Quebec Notable events: Lower Canada Rebellion (1837–1838) Durham Report (1839) Trial of Louis Riel (1885) Manitoba Schools Question (1890–1896) Regulation 17 (1912) Conscription Crisis of 1917 Conscription Crisis of 1944 Quiet Revolution Vive le Québec libre speech (1967) October Crisis (1970) 1980 Quebec referendum 1995 Quebec referendum Unity Rally Sponsorship scandal (1996–2004) Québécois nation motion (2006)
Language politics	Official bilingualism in Canada Gendron Commission Language policies of Canada's provinces and territories legal dispute over Quebec's language policy Official bilingualism in the public service of Canada Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism Timeline of official languages policy in Canada
Federal–Provincial– Territorial relations	Province-building Rebellions of 1837–1838 Royal Commission on Dominion-Provincial Relations (1937–1940) Royal Commission of Inquiry on Constitutional Problems (1953–1956) Patriation debate (1960s to 1982) Fulton–Favreau formula (to 1965) Canada Act 1982 andConstitution Act, 1982 Canada Health Act (1984) Victoria Charter (1971) Meech Lake Accord (1987–1990) Citizen's Forum on National Unity (1990–1991) Charlottetown Accord (1992) Calgary Declaration (1997)
Aboriginal politics	National organizations Métis Red River Rebellion (1869) North-West Rebellion (1885) Indian Act (1876–present) Indian Register Oka Crisis (1990) Self-Government Inuit territories Inuvialuit (1984) NunatuKavutclaimed Nunavik (no final agreement) Nunavut agreement 1993 First Nations territories Eeyou Istchee James Bay Nitassinanclaimed Royal Commission (1991–1996) 2020 Canadian pipeline and railway protests
International relationships	NATO Canada–United States relations CUSMA NORAD Canada–United Kingdom relations Commonwealth of Nations British Empire Canada–France relations La Francophonie Canada (New France)
Current challenges	COVID-19 pandemic in Canada Canadian property bubble

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National question (Quebec)

Various political positions in answer to the national question

References

See also

Nationalism

Sovereigntism

Federalism