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National camp

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article needs to beupdated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(November 2022)
Right-wing Israeli political alliance
This article is part ofa series on
Conservatism in Israel

InIsraeli politics, thenational camp (Hebrew:המחנה הלאומי) orright-wing bloc is an informal coalition ofnationalist andright-wing,religious conservative political parties that since 1977 has frequently co-operated to form governments.[1]

The coalition is led byLikud, and includes parties to its political right as well as religious parties. Generally, the twoHaredi parties (Shas and theUnited Torah Judaism alliance) align with Likud. In the past, the coalition has included theNational Religious Party, theNational Union,Gesher,Tkuma,The Jewish Home, theNew Right,Yisrael Beiteinu (until late 2019) andZehut.[2][3][4][5][6][7]

Right-wing bloc

[edit]

Following theSeptember 2019 Israeli legislative election, Israeli Prime MinisterBenjamin Netanyahu formed a "right-wing bloc" for the purposes of coalition negotiations, consisting of Likud, Shas,United Torah Judaism andYamina, that would support Netanyahu as Prime Minister.[8] In February 2021, Yamina left the bloc to pursue negotiations with opposition parties, and theReligious Zionist Party, which had split from Yamina, also declined to sign on, despite supporting Netanyahu as Prime Minister.[9] However, the Religious Zionist Party later rejoined the bloc and participated in bloc meetings.[10]

Following the fall of the Netanyahu government in June 2021, the four parties of the right-wing bloc went into the opposition, but continued to hold regular joint meetings in Netanyahu's office.[11][12]

The bloc returned to power under Netanyahu's leadership following the2022 Israeli legislative election, forming thethirty-seventh government of Israel.[13]

Composition

[edit]

Current

[edit]
NameYearsPositionIdeologyLeaderMKs
Likud1977–presentCentre-right toright-wingConservatismBenjamin Netanyahu
32 / 120
Shas[c]1984–presentRight-wingReligious conservatism
(Sephardi-Haredi)
Aryeh Deri
11 / 120
United Torah Judaism[a][c]1992–presentRight-wingReligious conservatism
(Ashkenazi-Haredi)
Yitzhak Goldknopf
7 / 120
Mafdal – Religious Zionism[b]2023–presentRight-wing toFar-rightReligious Zionism
Ultranationalism
Bezalel Smotrich
7 / 120
Otzma Yehudit2013–presentFar-rightKahanismItamar Ben-Gvir
6 / 120
New Hope2023–presentCentre-right toright-wingConservatism
National liberalism
Gideon Sa'ar
4 / 120
Noam[c]2019–presentFar-rightReligious Zionism
Social conservatism
Avi Maoz
1 / 120

^ a: IncludesAgudat Israel andDegel HaTorah.
^ b: Merger ofNational Union-Tkuma andThe Jewish Home.
^ c: Membership in the government currently terminated.

Right-wing parties not in the bloc

[edit]
NameYearsPositionIdeologyLeaderMKs
Yisrael Beiteinu1999–2019Centre-right toright-wingNational liberalismAvigdor Lieberman
6 / 120

In January 2022, Israeli Prime MinisterNaftali Bennett suggested he was planning to form a "new national camp" withYamina, Yisrael Beiteinu andNew Hope, excluding Likud.[14] The three parties parted their ways during thecollapse of 36th Cabinet of Israel.

In August 2024,Gideon Sa'ar, the leader of New Hope, called for the unification of what he described as the "liberal right-wing camp", which would also include Yisrael Beiteinu and Bennett'sNew Right.[15]

The national camp in the Knesset

[edit]
before 1977
KnessetYearsLeaderMKs
11949–1951Menachem Begin
38 / 120
21951–1955Peretz Bernstein
43 / 120
31955–1959Menachem Begin
45 / 120
41959–1961Menachem Begin
43 / 120
51961–1965Menachem Begin
52 / 120
61965–1969Menachem Begin
48 / 120
71969–1974Menachem Begin
50 / 120
81974–1977Menachem Begin
58 / 120
after 1977
KnessetYearsLeaderMKs
91977–1981Menachem Begin
63 / 120
101981–1984Menachem Begin,Yitzhak Shamir
64 / 120
111984–1988Yitzhak Shamir
60 / 120
121988–1992Yitzhak Shamir
65 / 120
131992–1996Yitzhak Shamir,Benjamin Netanyahu
59 / 120
141996–1999Benjamin Netanyahu
64 / 120
151999–2003Benjamin Netanyahu,Ariel Sharon
60 / 120
162003–2006Ariel Sharon
69 / 120
172006–2009Benjamin Netanyahu
50 / 120
182009–2013Benjamin Netanyahu
65 / 120
192013–2015Benjamin Netanyahu
61 / 120
202015–2019Benjamin Netanyahu
67 / 120
212019–2019Benjamin Netanyahu
65 / 120
222019–2020Benjamin Netanyahu
55 / 120
232020–2021Benjamin Netanyahu
58 / 120
242021–2022Benjamin Netanyahu
59 / 120
252022–presentBenjamin Netanyahu
64 / 120

References

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  1. ^Shamir, Michal (2017).The Elections in Israel 2015. Taylor & Francis. p. 77.
  2. ^Shamir, Michal (2017).The Elections in Israel 2015. Taylor & Francis. p. 83.
  3. ^Orkibi, Eithan (2017).Israel at the Polls 2013: Continuity and Change in Israeli Political Culture. Routledge.
  4. ^"Revived Labor Party To Bury Barak's Career".Arutz Sheva. 14 September 2011.
  5. ^"Naftali Bennett and Ayelet Shaked quit Jewish Home to set up new party".The Jewish Chronicle. 30 December 2018.
  6. ^"Zehut Party submits slate, will not join United Right".Jewish News Syndicate. 1 August 2019. Retrieved1 August 2019.
  7. ^"Israel's 35th government deal".TV7. 1 August 2019. Retrieved1 August 2019.
  8. ^"Netanyahu: It's either my right-wing bloc, or a dangerous Arab-backed government".The Times of Israel.
  9. ^"Haredi parties pledge loyalty to Netanyahu; Smotrich's Religious Zionism doesn't".The Times of Israel.
  10. ^"Netanyahu calls emergency meeting of right-wing bloc". 3 June 2021.
  11. ^"Netanyahu: We will topple the 'fraudulent' Bennett government".Haaretz.
  12. ^"Despite resigning as MK in plea deal, Deri to continue leading Shas Knesset activity".Times of Israel. 27 January 2022.
  13. ^"Netanyahu-led right-wing bloc wins Israeli election".
  14. ^"Bennett said to eye 'new national camp' with coalition partners Liberman, Sa'ar".Times of Israel. 29 January 2022.
  15. ^"Liberman, Sa'ar hold concrete merger negotiations - report".Jerusalem Post. 4 August 2024.
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