| 国家广播电视总局 | |
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| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 2018; 7 years ago (2018) |
| Preceding agencies |
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| Agency executive |
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| Parent department | Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party |
| Website | www |
| National Radio and Television Administration | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 国家广播电视总局 | ||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 國家廣播電視總局 | ||||||||||
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| State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television (2013–2018) | |||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 国家新闻出版广电总局 | ||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 國家新聞出版廣電總局 | ||||||||||
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| State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television (1998–2013) | |||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 国家广播电影电视总局 | ||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 國家廣播電影電視總局 | ||||||||||
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TheNational Radio and Television Administration (NRTA) is a ministry-level executive agency controlled by thePublicity Department of theChinese Communist Party (CCP). Its main task is the administration and supervision ofstate-owned enterprises engaged in thetelevision andradio industries. Its current director isCao Shumin.[1]
It directly controls state-owned enterprises at the national level such asChina Central Television,China National Radio, andChina Radio International, as well as other movie and television studios and other non-business organizations.[2]
The administration was formerly known as the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television (SAPPRFT) from 2013 to 2018,[3] and the State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television (SARFT) from 1998 to 2013.
In 1986 theMinistry of Culture Film Bureau and theMinistry of Radio and Television merged to form theMinistry of Radio, Film and Television (MRFT). On 25 June 1998 theMinistry of Radio, Film and Television reorganized as theState Administration of Radio, Film and Television.
In 1998, the State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television (SARFT) began the Connecting Every Village with Radio and TV Project, which extended radio and television broadcasting to every village in China.[4]: 30 Then successful implementation of this project subsequently influenced theMinistry of Industry and Information Technology's Connecting Every Village Project, which developed telecommunications and internet infrastructure in rural China.[4]: 30-31
In March 2013 the State Council announced plans to merge State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television with theGeneral Administration of Press and Publication to form theState Administration of Press and Publication, Radio, Film, and Television.[5]
In March 2018, the SAPPRFT was abolished and its functions of the movie, press and publication industry regulation were moved from the State Council to the CCP's Central Propaganda Department as part of thedeepening the reform of the Party and state institutions.[6][7][8][2]
In July 2021, the NRTA entered into an agreement with Russia'sMinistry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media to cooperate on news coverage and media narratives.[9]
In June 2022, the NRTA and theMinistry of Culture and Tourism issued a code of conduct for online hosts of live streams and podcasts banning any content that "weakens, distorts, or denies the leadership of the CCP."[10]
In its role of providing the physical infrastructure for broadcasting the NRTA plays a similar role in China asTDF Group plays in France, orCrown Castle plays in the US or Australia. It owns and operates, as well as manages many thousands of MW, FM, TV and Shortwave relay transmitters in China (as well as those leased abroad for external broadcasting).[citation needed]
China Multimedia Mobile Broadcasting (CMMB) is a mobile television and multimedia standard developed and specified inChina by the State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television (SARFT).[11] It is based on the Satellite and Terrestrial Interactive Multiservice Infrastructure (STiMi), developed by TiMiTech, a company formed by the Chinese Academy of Broadcasting Science.[12][13] Announced in October 2006,[11] it has been described as being similar to Europe'sDVB-SH standard for digital video broadcast from bothsatellites and terrestrial 'gap fillers' to handheld devices.[13]
It specifies usage of the 2.6 GHz frequency band and occupies 25 MHz bandwidth within which it provides 25 video and 30 radio channels with some additional data channels.[13] Multiple companies have chips that support CMMB standard - Innofidei who was the first with a solution March 28, 2007, Siano Mobile Silicon(with the SMS118x chip family, which support diversity and have superb performance) and more.[14]
The NRTA issues mandatory guidelines for media content. In 2011 and 2012 (when still SARFT) it limited the number ofreality television programs and ofhistorical dramas expressing particular disapproval of programs with a plot twist that involvedtime travel back to a Chinese historical era.[15] This decree resulted in cancellation of a number of planned films with historical drama plots.[citation needed]
It issued a directive on 30 March 2009 to highlight 31 categories of content prohibited online, includingviolence,pornography, content which may "incite ethnic discrimination or undermine social stability". Some industry observers believe that the move was designed to stop the spread of parodies or other comments on politically sensitive issues in the runup to the anniversary of the1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre.[16]
It issued a directive named "SAPPRFT's Opinions On Strengthening The Programme Management of Satellite Television Channels" in 2011, aiming at over-turning the over-emphasis on purely entertainment programmes in the satellite television channels in China.[citation needed]
In September 2021, the NRTA prohibited broadcasters from displaying what it termed "sissy men and other abnormal aesthetics."[17][18]
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