National Movement Ruch Narodowy | |
|---|---|
_logo.svg){kind=logo} | |
| President | Krzysztof Bosak |
| Vice Presidents | |
| Founded | 11 November 2012 (2012-11-11) (as an organization) 10 December 2014 (2014-12-10) (as a political party) |
| Registered | 11 February 2015 (2015-02-11) 28 February 2018 (2018-02-28) (again) |
| Dissolved | 16 January 2017 (2017-01-16) |
| Headquarters | ul. Stanisława Noakowskiego 10/12, 00-666Warsaw |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Far-right[1][2][3] |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
| National affiliation | Confederation Liberty and Independence |
| European affiliation | Patriots.eu |
| European Parliament group | Patriots for Europe |
| Colours | Red |
| Sejm | 7 / 460 |
| Senate | 0 / 100 |
| European Parliament | 2 / 53 |
| Regional assemblies | 0 / 552 |
| Website | |
| ruch-narodowy.pl | |
TheNational Movement (Polish:Ruch Narodowy[ruxna.rɔˈdɔ.vɨ],RN) is afar-rightpolitical party in Poland. It is led byKrzysztof Bosak. It claims spiritual descendance from the prewar movement ofRoman Dmowski, theNational Democracy, which was also commonly called the National Movement.
It was founded in 2012 as an organization, and in 2014 it was registered as a political party. It is a part of theConfederation Liberty and Independence, and it currently has seven members in theSejm.[4] It is afar-right political party and it is orientated towardssocially conservative andmilitarist stances.
The First Congress of the National Movement took place on 8 June 2013 in Warsaw. Guest of honor at the congress wasRafał Ziemkiewicz. Representatives of the groups co-create the movement and signed the declaration of ideological National Movement.
The Second Congress of the National Movement took place on 3 May 2014 in Warsaw. Honorary guests of the congress were Leszek Zebrowski,Stanisław Michalkiewicz andMárton Gyöngyösi of the HungarianJobbik.[5] Also the guest list included the party's other international allies:Roberto Fiore ofForza Nuova(Italian:New Force), and the leaders of the SpanishDemocracia Nacional. The congress passed the following demands of the program:[6]
The National Movement is positioned on thefar-right on the political spectrum.[7] It is anultranationalist,[8][9]Polish nationalist,[10][11]national-conservative[12] andneo-fascist party.[13][14][15] It is explicitlysocially conservative,[16] it hasmilitarist tendencies,[17] and has also expressedhard Eurosceptic sentiment.[18][19][20]
As adopted in the January 2013 declaration of ideology, the decision-making council of the National Movement has indicated its three main components: identity (nation, family, people), sovereignty (the state, culture, economy) and freedom (of speech, management, people); identified the awareness and commitment of the young generation of Poles as the strength of the National Movement and pledged to work on the transformation of the homeland, emphasized the idea of the nation, understood as a cultural community formed by generations.[21] National Movement advocates fight for the sovereignty of the country, to repair the political and economic state and defending the freedom of its citizens, as well as the realisation in the sphere of culture and politics of traditional values.[22] The purpose of the Movement is a fundamental social change – the so-called "Overthrow of the republic of the Round Table". It declares itself as a social movement which is a network of community initiatives for state sovereignty and national identity.
The progress of civilisation, which was to take place in Poland thanks to EU funds, is treated as a partial compensation for the losses that Poland suffered in connection with the unilateral opening of the market in the pre-accession period, while Polish banking sector depends on foreign capital.[23]
The outline of the economic program was presented byKrzysztof Bosak during the second congress of the Movement. According to the RN, it is possible to combine a wide range of economic freedoms with constructive approach to the state, furnished on the basis of the principles of thrift and subsidiarity.[24] The establishment of the Institute for National Strategy, will bring together experts and work out a modern program for the National Movement.[citation needed]
The movement is opposed to the introduction of theeuro in Poland.[citation needed]
The National Movement is aeurosceptic grouping.
In a joint statement with the HungarianJobbik on the situation in Ukraine, they have indicated a desire to deepen cooperation between the two groups. They announced the Polish-Hungarian exchange of lists of candidates for election to the European Parliament in 2014 (which ultimately did not happen).[25] Hungarian and Polish nationalists believe that national governments devote national interests in favour ofeurofederalism. In this particular case, both national movements called together the national authorities of their countries for political and diplomatic efforts to protect the endangered rights of national minorities in Ukraine due to the revolutionary mood in the east, including promoting the symbolism and characters associated with the Ukrainian ethnic chauvinism that in the context of historical experience violently celebrated national minorities in these lands.[clarification needed]
In 2015, the National Movement invited members of Jobbik and the Italian neo-fascist partyForza Nuova, together with its youth wingLotta Studentesca, to visit theSejm in Poland.[26]
The National Movement initially wanted to improve relations withRussia, considering it as asuperpower and claiming that it was not a threat to Poland on any level, as well as supporting the reconstruction of commercial relations with Russia. It also believed that the presence of alliedNATO andAmerican troops is "the reverse of allied support, which strengthens Poland's dependence and dependability in its defense capabilities". It instead proposed to work with Russia andChina as an antidote to the influence of theUnited States andGermany, calling it a "multi-vector policy".[27]
However, following critical Russian remarks regarding Polish conduct during theSecond World War, the National Movement's stance has become more negative towards Russia.[28] The party has disavowed the pro-Russian stance of its political allyJanusz Korwin-Mikke[29] and condemned theRussian annexation of Crimea.[30] The party has suggested Russia was coordinating with Israel, which has expressed similar criticisms of Polish conduct during the Second World War.[31] Following the2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Bosak called for banning Russia fromSWIFT and stopping visas for Russian nationals.[32] Winnicki has described Russia as an "existential threat to Polish interests".[33] The party's vice-president,Anna Bryłka, has described Russia and Belarus as engaged in a "hybrid war" against Poland,[34] and has stated the party is opposed toNord Stream 2 and restoration of diplomatic relations with Russia.[35]
The party opposes same sex rights and pro-LGBT marches, and its leaders have describedhomosexuality as "a disease", frequently arranging counter demonstrations.[36][37][38]
The National Movement announced their desire to take part in the elections to the European Parliament on 7 January 2014 which were to be held in the same year. The movement's policies for these elections were: Building a "Europe of Homelands" through annulling theLisbon Treaty, furthering theanti-gender campaign, promoting Polish historical policy at the EU level, striving for the rights of Poles abroad (especially inLithuania), withdrawal from the climate package, and promoting Polish mining and coal-based energy. The National Movement fielded candidates in all constituencies.[39] In the elections 98,626 people voted for the National Movement, which gave it 1.4% of the vote (ninth place overall).[40]
In the by-election to district No. 47 of theSenate on 7 September 2014, the candidate of the National Movement,Krzysztof Bosak, received 6.42% of votes, which placed him in third place out of six candidates.[41]
In thePolish presidential election in 2015, the party fielded a candidate, Marian Kowalski, a columnist and bodybuilder. He was eliminated in the first-round with only 77,630 votes, a 0.52% share.[42][43]
In the2015 parliamentary election, the RN cooperated withKukiz'15, whose five of 42 seats were held by National Movement members.[44] In April 2016 National Movement management decided to leaveKukiz's movement, but only oneMP followed party instruction. Those who stayed inKukiz'15 formed association "National Democracy" (Endecja) along with a few other Kukiz'15 MPs.[45]
In 2019, the National Movement has created an anti-European Union coalition calledKonfederacja Korwin Liroy Braun Narodowcy.[46] The coalition got 621,188 votes (4.55%).
For the 2019 elections, the National Movement continued to be part of theConfederation and the coalition was one of only five electoral committees with candidates in all electoral districts. This time they made it into the Sejm with 6.81% of the vote. The coalition got 11 MPs, of which five belong to the National Movement.
For thePolish presidential election in 2020, the Confederation had aprimary. Vice-chairmanKrzysztof Bosak ran in the primary as the candidate for the National Movement.[47] He won the primary and was nominated by the Confederation on 18 January.[48]
| Election | Candidate | 1st round | 2nd round | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | ||
| 2015 | Marian Kowalski | 77,630 | 0.52 (#9) | ||
| 2020 | Krzysztof Bosak | 1,317,380 | 6.78 (#4) | ||
| 2025 | Sławomir Mentzen | 2,890,530 | 14.82 (#3) | ||
| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | Change | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | Robert Winnicki | 1,339,094 | 8.8(#3) | 3 / 460 | New | PiS |
| As part ofKukiz'15, that won 42 seats in total. | ||||||
| 2019 | Robert Winnicki | 1,256,953 | 6.8 (#5) | 5 / 460 |  2 | PiS |
| As part of theConfederation coalition, that won 11 seats in total. | ||||||
| 2023 | Krzysztof Bosak | 1,547,364 | 7.2 (#5) | 7 / 460 | 2 | KO–PL2050–KP–NL |
| As part of theConfederation coalition, that won 18 seats in total. | ||||||
| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | EP Group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | Robert Winnicki | 98,626 | 1.47 (#9) | 0 / 52 | New | – |
| 2019 | Robert Winnicki | 621,188 | 4.55 (#4) | 0 / 52 | New | – |
| As part of theConfederation coalition, that didn't win any seat. | ||||||
| 2024 | Krzysztof Bosak | 1,420,287 | 12.08 (#3) | 2 / 53 | 2 | PfE |
| As part of theConfederation coalition, that won 6 seats in total. | ||||||
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)