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| Abbreviation | NHCP |
|---|---|
| Formation | 1933 |
| Type | Historical commission |
| Headquarters | NHCP Building,T.M. Kalaw Avenue,Ermita, Manila |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 14°34′52″N120°58′42″E / 14.58111°N 120.97833°E /14.58111; 120.97833 |
Chairperson | Regalado T. Jose Jr. |
Executive Director | Carminda R. Arevalo |
| Employees | 180 (2024)[1] |
| Website | nhcp |
TheNational Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP;Filipino:Pambansang Komisyong Pangkasaysayan ng Pilipinas) is a government agency of the Philippines. Its mission is "the promotion ofPhilippine history andcultural heritage through research,dissemination, conservation, sites management and heraldry works." As such, it "aims to inculcate awareness and appreciation of the noble deeds and ideals of our heroes and other illustrious Filipinos, to instill pride in theFilipino people and to rekindle the Filipino spirit through the lessons of history."[2]
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While the current form of the NHCP was established in 1972 as part of the reorganization of government after PresidentFerdinand Marcos'declaration of martial law, its roots can be traced back to 1933 when the American colonialInsular Government first established the Philippine Historical Research and Markers Committee (PHRMC).[3]
ThePhilippine Historical Research and Markers Committee was created byU.S. Governor GeneralFrank Murphy, by virtue of Executive Order 451, to identify andmark "historic antiquities" first inManila, then throughout the Philippines, as a first step towards their preservation.[4] TheChurch of San Agustin,Fort Santiago,Plaza McKinley, theRoman Catholic Cathedral of Manila,San Sebastian Church,Concordia College,Manila Railroad Company, Dr. Lorenzo Negrao, andUniversity of Santo Tomas (Intramuros site) were among the first structures to be grantedhistorical markers.
The installation of markers was first limited to identify antiquities in Manila. However, the commission's mandate was later expanded to cover the whole of the Philippines. Many markers were destroyed or lost due toWorld War II, along with the structures they represent, and many have been replaced by post-war markers.
This first committee was composed of American journalist Walter Robb who served as chair; American AnthropologistH. Otley Beyer - who would later be known as the father of Philippine Anthropology; Spanish Jesuit Fr. Miguel Selga, SJ; Dean Edward Hyde from theUniversity of the Philippines College of Engineering; and FilipinosJaime C. de Veyra,Conrado Benitez, and Eulogio Balan Rodriguez.
With the establishment of thePhilippine Commonwealth in 1935, PresidentManuel L. Quezon signed Executive Order No. 91 in 1937, creating thePhilippines Historical Committee (PHC), which took over the functions as its predecessor, as well as the tasks of repairing government-owned antiquities and acquiring antiquities owned by private individuals.[5][4] While there are extant historical markers issued in 1941 (e.g.Magellan's Cross,Basilica del Santo Niño,First shot of the Philippine-American War,Colegio de San Juan de Letran, &Malacañan Palace), there are no known records of the activities of the committee during theJapanese occupation of the Philippines during World War II, as the Committee closed in protest.
Inthe postwar reconstruction years the PHC was busy as there was a government interest in "the reconstruction of the past as a means to form nationhood." Reconstituted six months afterPhilippine independence in 1946, the committee was first placed under the Office of the President, and then transferred to the Department of Education. During this time, it installed over 400 historical markers all over the archipelago; named and renamed various streets, plazas, towns and other public places; and acquired places and relics of heroes.
As the nation rebuilt itself, a number of other historical commissions were also created by law to commemorate the birth centennials of various Philippine heroes of the late 19th century. All of these commissions were eventually merged into oneNational Heroes Commission created in 1963.
In July 1965, Congress passed Republic Act No. 4368 that created the National Historical Commission (NHC) and effectively abolished the Philippine Historical Committee and the National Heroes Commission whose functions were delegated to the NHC. Among the functions of the NHC are the following: to publish or cause to have written or published the works of our national heroes and other great and good Filipinos; to compile from various sources here and abroad data on Philippine history and prepare and publish there from source books on Philippine history; to identify, designate and approximately mark historic places in the Philippines and to cause the construction or reconstruction and to maintain and care for national monuments, shrines and historic markers that have been erected; to take charge of all historical activities or projects not otherwise undertaken by any entity of the government; to gather data on historical dates, personages, events, and documents presented for evaluation, and to acquire through purchase, donation, exchange or otherwise, important historical documents and materials; and to encourage researches in Philippine history and the writing and publication of textbooks on the subject, the research and writing of biographies of heroes, accounts of historical events, translations of important scholarly works of Filipinos and foreigners by providing appropriate or adequate incentives.[6]
In 1972, PresidentFerdinand Marcos'declaration ofmartial law resulted in a reorganization of government and the renaming of the NHC as theNational Historical Institute.
On May 12, 2010, PresidentGloria Macapagal-Arroyo signed Republic Act No. 10086, or the law reverting the National Historical Institute into its original form as the National Historical Commission of the Philippines.[7]
The NHCP still undertakes all the functions of the previous commissions, most notably those of preserving historical sites and structures and serving as lead agency for the commemorations of Independence Day andRizal Day.
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| No. | Image | Name | Term |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Walter J. Robb | October 23, 1933 – January 19, 1947 | |
| 2 |  | Eulogio Balan Rodriguez | January 20, 1947 – April 3, 1949 |
| 3 |  | Encarnacion Alzona | September 1966 – July 1967[8] |
| 4 | Carmen Guerrero Nakpil | July 1967 – 1971 | |
| 5 | Esteban A. de Ocampo | 1971 – January 1981 | |
| 6 | Serafin D. Quiazon | January 1981[9] – 1997 | |
| 7 | Samuel K. Tan | 1997–1999 | |
| 8 | Pablo S. Trillana III | 1999 – April 2002 | |
| 9 | .jpg) | Ambeth R. Ocampo | April 2002 – April 7, 2011 |
| 10 | .jpg) | Maria Serena I. Diokno | April 7, 2011 – November 29, 2016 |
| 11 | Rene R. Escalante | November 29, 2016 – March 1, 2023 | |
| 12 | Emmanuel Franco Calairo | March 1, 2023 – March 26, 2024 | |
| 13 | Lisa Guerrero-Nakpil | March 26, 2024 – July 12, 2024 | |
| 13 | Regalado T. Jose Jr. | July 12, 2024 – present |
| No. | Image | Name | Term |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Danilo S. Manalang | 1997 – December 2002 | |
| 2 | .jpg) | Ludovico D. Badoy | December 2002 – February 2020 |
| 3 | Restituto L. Aguilar | February 2020 – February 22, 2021 | |
| 4 | Carminda R. Arevalo | February 22, 2021 – present |
Media related toNational Historical Commission of the Philippines at Wikimedia Commons
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