| Онцгой Байдлын Ерөнхий Газар | |
 Emblem of the Mongolian Emergency Management organization | |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | January 7, 2004; 21 years ago (2004-01-07) |
| Preceding agencies |
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| Jurisdiction | Government of Mongolia |
| Headquarters | Ulaanbaatar,Mongolia |
| Minister responsible | |
| Agency executive |
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| Child agencies |
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| Website | nema |
TheNational Emergency Management Agency (Mongolian:Онцгой байдлын ерөнхий газар,romanized: Ontsgoi Baidlyn yerönkhii gazar) orNEMA (ОБЕГ,OBYeG) is aparamilitary government agency overseeing emergency services inMongolia.[1] It was established with the duty to conduct nationwide post-disaster activities. Similar to theRussianMinistry of Emergency Situations in its mandate, it is responsible for developing environmental legislation as well as managing the fallout from natural disasters and conducting rescue work.[2]
The Civil Defense Directorate of theMongolian Armed Forces is the main executive body responsible for implementing civil defense measures, functioning under the direct authority of the Minister of Defense.[1]
The first civil defense in the country was established in 1964 as an affiliated service to theMongolian People's Army. Emergency services in the country have dated back to 1922 when they were first formed at the initiative of the partisan leaderDamdin Sükhbaatar. The unit established in the 1960s was known as the 122nd Civil Defense Battalion of the MPA as part of the expansion of the army. All citizens were obliged to participate in civil defense training organized by the Civil Defense Office of theMinistry of Defense. In 1982, there were 600 civil defense units in Mongolia.[3] Since the 1980s, civil defense exercises have been directed toward the improvement of the operational stability of organizations and enterprises. The Law on the Civil Defense of Mongolia, adopted by theState Great Hural in 1994, stated that "civil defense is a complex of measures aimed at the prevention, protection and rescue of the population and their property from afflictions caused by mass destruction weapons". In 1997, the Mongolian Armed Forces had 20,000 military personnel, 500 of which were part of the civil defense forces.[4] NEMA was established by theState Great Khural in June 2003 and is currently part of theGovernment of Mongolia.[5] In 2017, a chemical branch was formed.[6]
ThePrime Minister of Mongolia is assigned as the head of the civil defense while the defense minister as the Chairman of the State Permanent Emergency Commission. The governors of administrative areas (provinces, capital city, soums and districts), in their capacity as heads of local civil defense, are part civil defense system.[1] It has branches in all 21Aimags as well as the capital ofUlaanbaatar, which both serves as a NEMA division and the national headquarters.[7]
Source:[8]
The Law on the Defense of Mongolia permits the Mongolian Armed Forces to be involved in civil defense activities.[1] During the steppe fires in 1996, contingents of the armed forces participated in civil defense activities in 5-8provinces.[1] In the late 1960s, the Minister of Defense organized the Music Group of the Civil Defense, which has since 2009 been known as the Emergency Services Band and has provided military music at the emergency department level, as well as promoting NEMA in community, representing it at cultural events.[9]
