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National Anthem of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
1919–1941 national anthem of Yugoslavia
Himna Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca (1919–1929)
Himna Kraljevine Jugoslavije (1929–1941)
English: Anthem of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (1919–1929)
Anthem of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1929–1941)
Former national anthem of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
LyricsJovan Đorđević,Antun Mihanović, andSimon Jenko,[a] 1918[b]
MusicDavorin Jenko andJosif Runjanin,[c] 1918[d]
Adopted1919 (1919)
Relinquished1941 (1941)
Preceded by"Bože pravde" (asKingdom of Serbia)
"Ubavoj nam Crnoj Gori (asKingdom of Montenegro)
"Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser" (as part ofAustria-Hungary)
"Shumi Maritsa" and "Anthem of His Majesty the Tsar" (as part ofKingdom of Bulgaria)
Succeeded by"Hey, Slavs" (asSocialist Yugoslavia)
"Deutschlandlied" and "Horst-Wessel-Lied" (as part ofNazi Germany)
"Lijepa naša domovino" (as part ofIndependent State of Croatia)
"Marcia Reale" and "Giovinezza" (as part ofFascistKingdom of Italy)
"Himnusz" (as part ofKingdom of Hungary)
"Shumi Maritsa" and "Anthem of His Majesty the Tsar" (as part ofKingdom of Bulgaria)
Audio sample

TheAnthem of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia[e] was created in December 1918 from the national anthems of the Kingdom's three historical constituent lands:Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia (Croatia),Kingdom of Serbia (Serbia) andDuchy of Carniola (Slovenia).

At the time, the Yugoslav authorities considered the three dominantSouth Slavic ethnic groups –Croats,Serbs, andSlovenes – as three interchangeable names for one ethnic group (Serbo-Croatian andSlovene:narod "nation" or "people"), while thePan-Slavic politicians and parts of academia viewed them as three subgroups of one South Slavic nation (Croatian:Jugoslaveni,Serbian:Jugosloveni,ЈугословениSlovene:Jugoslovani; "Yugoslavs"). Accordingly, the official language was thus calledSerbo-Croato-Slovene.[f]

History

[edit]

Although a law on the national anthem did not exist, the anthems of all three South Slavic nations were unified into a single anthem of the Kingdom. It started with the first part of the Serbian anthem "Bože pravde", continued with the first verse of the Croatian anthem "Lijepa naša domovino", which were in turn followed by first verse the de facto Slovenian anthem "Naprej zastava slave". The anthem finished with the refrain of the first verse of the Serbian anthem again.

It was officially used between 1919 and 1941; there was no official document that declared it invalid or void. The Constitution of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was not in effect after theApril capitulation.

Lyrics

[edit]
Serbo-Croatian andSlovene lyrics[1]English lyrics
Cyrillic scriptLatin script

Боже правде, ти што спасе
Од пропасти до сад нас,
Чуј и од сад наше гласе,
И од сад нам буди спас!

Љепа наша домовино,
Ој јуначка земљо мила,
Старе славе дједовино,
Да би вазда сретна била!

𝄆 Напреј застава славе,
На бој јунашка кри!
За благор очетњаве
Нај пушка говори! 𝄇

Боже спаси, Боже храни
Нашег Краља и наш род!
Краља Петра, Боже храни,[g]
Моли ти се сав наш род.

Bože pravde, ti što spase
Od propasti do sad nas,
Čuj i od sad naše glase,
I od sad nam budi spas!

Lijepa naša domovino,
oj junačka zemlja mila,
Stare slave djedovino,
Da bi vazda sretna bila!

𝄆 Naprej zastava slave,
Na boj junaška kri!
Za blagor očetnjave
Naj puška govori! 𝄇

Bože spasi, Bože hrani
Našeg Kralja i naš rod!
Kralja Petra, Bože hrani,
Moli ti se sav naš rod.

God of Justice; Thou who saved us
when in deepest bondage cast,
Hear Thy Serbian children's voices,
Be our help as in the past.

Our beautiful homeland,
Oh heroic, dear land,
Fatherland of old glory,
May you be forever blissful.

𝄆 Onward, banner of glory,
to battle, heroic blood!
for the sake of the fatherland
let the rifles sound! 𝄇

God save, God sustain,
Our king and our people!
God sustain King Peter,
All our people pray to you.

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^Đorđević wrote "Bože pravde", Mihanović wrote "Lijepa naša domovino", and Jenko wrote "Naprej zastava slave".
  2. ^Arranged in 1918, lyrics' dates vary.
  3. ^Jenko composed "Bože pravde" and "Naprej zastava slave"; Runjanin composed "Lijepa naša domovino".
  4. ^Arranged in 1918, compositions' dates vary.
  5. ^Serbo-Croatian:Himna Kraljevine Jugoslavije,Химна Краљевине Југославије
  6. ^In practice however,Slovene was given no leeway as the language was a standardized form of much more widely usedShtokavian dialect of Serbo-Croatian, written in bothGaj's Latin andSerbian Cyrillic. The dialects of the languages, however, form a coherentWestern South Slavicdialect continuum, whereKajkavian dialect merges intoSlovene dialects. The anthem itself was partially in Slovene.
  7. ^This verse was changed to "Краља Александра, Боже храни," ("God sustain and guide King Alexander") during the reign ofAlexander I of Yugoslavia.

References

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  1. ^Textbook for the 3rd class of primary schools in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, editor: S. Čajkovac PhD, 1934.

External links

[edit]
Former anthems of Europe
Former Russian Empire,
the Soviet Union or
their successor states
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