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Nanhsiungchelyidae

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Extinct family of turtles

Nanhsiungchelyidae Temporal range:Cretaceous PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N

Basilemys variolosa skeleton,Royal Tyrrell Museum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Testudines
Suborder:	Cryptodira
Infraorder:	Eucryptodira
Family:	†Nanhsiungchelyidae Yeh, 1966
Type species
†Nanhsiungchelys wuchingensis Yeh, 1966
Genera
†Anomalochelys^[1] †Basilemys^[1] †Bulganemys^[1] †Charitonyx^[1] †Hanbogdemys^[1] †Jiangxichelys^[1] †Kharakhutulia^[1] †Nanhsiungchelys^[1] †Xianyuechelys^[2] †Yuchelys^[1] †Zangerlia^[1]

Nanhsiungchelyidae is an extinct family of landturtles known from Cretaceous deposits in Asia and North America.^[1] Nanhsiungchelyids were more terrestrial than many of their contemporaries, and may have gone extinct at theend of the Cretaceous as a result.^[3]

Classification

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The name Nanhsiungchelyidae was coined by Yeh in 1966, in the same paper in which the type genusNanhsiungchelys was described.^[4] The name is derived from the name of the type species, with the suffix of a family, -idae, added to it.

Taxonomy

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According to phylogenetic analyses, Nanhsiungchelyidae is the sister group toAdocidae, and thus both are included within the cladeAdocusia. Nanhsiungchelyidae is split into two major clades, one including most of the predominantly Asian species (Jiangxichelys,Anomalochelys, etc.) and a clade including only the different species within the genusBasilemys.^[5] When looking at recent analyses, it also becomes clear that some of the species ofZangerlia might not be the same genus, as the type species confidently gets placed in a very different position than the other two valid species.^[5]

Phylogeny

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Multiple phylogenetic analyses have been conducted on Nanhsiungchelyidae, but one of the most recent analyses comes from Tong & Li (2018). In this analysis, we see 13 Nanhsiungchelyid taxa represented, withAdocus used as an outgroup.^[5]Nanhsiungchelys andAnomalochelys are recovered as being in a clade together in nearly every analysis, and the same goes for the different species ofBasilemys. However, the placement of the different species ofZangerlia varies a lot between publications. Before the redescription ofNanhsiungchelys in 2018, the different species ofZangerlia were often recovered as being in a clade together, on the opposite side of theBasilemys-clade. This can be seen in papers like Sullivanet al. (2013) and Sukhanov, Danilov & Syromyatnikova (2008).^[6]^[7] However, the phylogenetic analysis in Tong & Li (2018) does not recover this clade, instead spreading the different species out in the tree, recovering the type species as closer toAdocus than the others, which are placed in the clade that includesJiangxichelys,Hanbogdemys,Anomalochelys andNanhsiungchelys.^[5]

Phylogeny after Tong & Li (2018)

Adocusia

Adocus

Zangerlia testudinimorpha

Nanhsiungchelyidae

Jiangxichelys

	J.neimongolensis

	J.ganzhouensis

"Zangerlia"dzamynchondi

"Zangerlia"ukhaachelys

Hanbogdemys

	Anomalochelys

	Nanhsiungchelys

Basilemys

B.nobilis

	B.variolosa

	B.sinuosa

	B.praeclara

Kharakhutulia

References

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^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k"Nanhsiungchelyidae". FossilWorks. Retrieved17 December 2021.
^Yuzheng Ke, Kecheng Niu, Paul Rummy, Haiyan Tong,Jinfeng Hu and Fenglu Han. 2024. Xianyuechelys yingliangi: A New nanhsiungchelyid Turtle from the Late Cretaceous of Ganzhou Basin, China. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 22(1); 2346838. DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2024.2346838
^"Fossilized egg from prehistoric giant turtle reveals baby inside".National Geographic Society. Archived fromthe original on August 18, 2021.
^Yeh, Hsiang-k'uei (1966). "A new cretaceous turtle of Nanhsiung, Northern Kwantung".Vertebrata PalAsiatica.10:197–200.S2CID 134968880.
^^a ^b ^c ^dTong, Haiyan; Li, Lu (2019)."A revision of the holotype of Nanhsiungchelys wuchingensis, Ye, 1966 (Testudines: Cryptodira: Trionychoidae: Nanhsiungchelyidae)".Cretaceous Research.95:151–163.Bibcode:2019CrRes..95..151T.doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2018.11.003.S2CID 133937906.
^Sullivan, Robert M.; Jasinski, Steven E.; Lucas, Spencer G. (2013), Brinkman, Donald B.; Holroyd, Patricia A.; Gardner, James D. (eds.),"Re-Assessment of Late Campanian (Kirtlandian) Turtles from the Upper Cretaceous Fruitland and Kirtland Formations, San Juan Basin, New Mexico, USA",Morphology and Evolution of Turtles, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 337–387,doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4309-0_20,ISBN 978-94-007-4308-3, retrieved2022-01-30
^Sukhanov, Vladimir B.; Danilov, Igor G.; Syromyatnikova, Elena V. (2008)."The Description and Phylogenetic Position of a New Nanhsiungchelyid Turtle from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia".Acta Palaeontologica Polonica.53 (4):601–614.doi:10.4202/app.2008.0405.ISSN 0567-7920.S2CID 86585072.

Taxon identifiers
Nanhsiungchelyidae	Wikidata:Q21291035 Wikispecies:Nanhsiungchelyidae GBIF:4818928 IRMNG:113868 Open Tree of Life:3606476 Paleobiology Database:63054

Testudines

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Reptilia
Clade:Diapsida
Order:Testudines

Genus

Chelonioidea
(Sea turtles)

Cheloniidae	†Allopleuron Caretta †Carolinochelys Chelonia †Eochelone Eretmochelys †Gigantatypus †Glarichelys †Itilochelys Lepidochelys †Mexichelys †Miocaretta Natator †Pacifichelys †Syllomus †Tasbacka
Dermochelyidae	†Arabemys †Corsochelys †Cosmochelys Dermochelys †Eosphargis †Mesodermochelys †Psephophorus
	†Euclastes †Peritresius †Procolpochelys †Protosphargis †Puppigerus

Kinosternoidea

Dermatemydidae	Dermatemys
Kinosternidae	Claudius †Hoplochelys Kinosternon Staurotypus Sternotherus

Testudinoidea

Emydidae	†Acherontemys Chrysemys Clemmys Deirochelys Emys Actinemys Emydoidea Glyptemys Graptemys Malaclemys Pseudemys Terrapene Trachemys †Wilburemys
Geoemydidae	Batagur †Banhxeochelys Cuora Cyclemys Geoclemys Geoemyda Hardella Heosemys Leucocephalon Malayemys Mauremys Melanochelys Morenia Notochelys Orlitia Pangshura Rhinoclemmys Sacalia Siebenrockiella Vijayachelys
Platysternidae	Platysternon
Testudinidae	Aldabrachelys Astrochelys Centrochelys Chelonoidis Chersina Cylindraspis †Cymatholcus †Floridemys Geochelone Gopherus †Hadrianus †Hesperotestudo Homopus Indotestudo Kinixys Malacochersus Manouria †Megalochelys †Oligopherus Psammobates Pyxis †Solitudo Stigmochelys †Stylemys Testudo

Trionychia

Carettochelyidae	†Allaeochelys †Anosteira Carettochelys
Trionychidae	Amyda Apalone †Axestemys Chitra Cyclanorbis Cycloderma †Drazinderetes Dogania †Gilmoremys †Hutchemys †Khunnuchelys Lissemys Nilssonia Palea †Palaeoamyda Pelochelys Pelodiscus Rafetus Trionyx
	†Basilochelys †Sinaspideretes

Chelydridae	Chelydra †Chelydrops †Chelydropsis †Emarginachelys †Macrocephalochelys Macrochelys †Planiplastron †Protochelydra
†Nanhsiungchelyidae	†Anomalochelys †Basilemys †Jiangxichelys
†Protostegidae	†Alienochelys †Archelon †Atlantochelys †Bouliachelys †Calcarichelys †Cratochelone †Desmatochelys †Iserosaurus †Notochelone †Ocepechelon †Pneumatoarthrus †Protostega †Rhinochelys †Santanachelys †Terlinguachelys
	†Adocus †Argillochelys †Bashuchelys †Ctenochelys †Prionochelys †Toxochelys

Pleurodira

†Araripemydidae	†Araripemys
†Bothremydidae	†Araiochelys †Arenila †Azabbaremys †Bothremys †Cearachelys †Chedighaii †Chupacabrachelys †Eotaphrosphys †Foxemys †Galianemys †Ilatardia †Inaechelys †Itapecuruemys †Jainemys †Kinkonychelys †Kurmademys †Labrostochelys †Nigeremys †Phosphatochelys †Polysternon †Puentemys †Rosasia †Rhothonemys †Sankuchemys †Taphrosphys †Ummulisani †Zolhafah
Chelidae	Acanthochelys Chelodina Chelus Elseya Elusor Emydura Hydromedusa †Lomalatachelys Mesoclemmys Myuchelys Phrynops Platemys †Prochelidella Pseudemydura Rheodytes Rhinemys †Yaminuechelys
Pelomedusidae	Pelomedusa Pelusios
Podocnemididae	†Albertwoodemys †Bauruemys †Brontochelys †Caninemys †Carbonemys †Cerrejonemys †Cordichelys Erymnochelys †Lapparentemys †Latentemys Peltocephalus Podocnemis †Stupendemys
†Sahonachelyidae	†Sahonachelys †Sokatra

	†Caribemys †Caririemys †Tacuarembemys

Phylogenetic arrangement of turtles based onTurtles of the World 2017 Update: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status. † = extinct.

See alsoList of Testudines families

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