Nanchong 南充市 Nanchung | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Nickname: The fruit City | |
 Location of Nanchong City jurisdiction in Sichuan | |
| Coordinates (Nanchong Bureau of Civil Affairs (南充市民政局)):30°47′29″N106°04′31″E / 30.7913°N 106.0753°E /30.7913; 106.0753 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Sichuan |
| Officiated | 1993 |
| Municipal seat | Shunqing District |
| Government | |
| • Party Secretary | Liu Hongjian |
| Area | |
| 12,479.96 km2 (4,818.54 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 2,527.8 km2 (976.0 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 2,527.8 km2 (976.0 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 340 m (1,120 ft) |
| Population (2020 census)[1] | |
| 5,607,565 | |
| • Density | 449.3256/km2 (1,163.748/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,936,534 |
| • Urban density | 766.09/km2 (1,984.2/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,936,534 |
| • Metro density | 766.09/km2 (1,984.2/sq mi) |
| GDP[2] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 151.6 billion US$ 24.3 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 23,881 US$ 3,834 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 637000 |
| Area code | 0817 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-SC-13 |
| Licence plate prefixes | 川R |
| Website | nanchong |
30°50′14″N106°06′38″E / 30.8372°N 106.1106°E /30.8372; 106.1106
Nanchong (Chinese:南充;pinyin:Nánchōng;Wade–Giles:Nan-ch'ung;Sichuanese: lan2cong1) is aprefecture-level city in the northeast ofSichuan province, China, with an area of 12,479.96 km2 (4,818.54 sq mi).[3] At the 2020 census it was home to 5,607,565 people, of whom 1,936,534 lived in the built-up (or 'metro') area made of three urban districts. It is the second most populated city of Sichuan Province, afterChengdu. The administrative center isShunqing District.[4] At the end of 2024, the resident population of the city was 5.489 million, a decrease of 22,000 from the previous year. The resident population of urban areas is 2.949 million, and the resident population of rural areas is 2.54 million. The urbanization rate of the resident population is 53.73%, an increase of 0.9 percentage points over the previous year. At the end of the year, theregistered population of the city was 6.977 million, a decrease of 55,000 compared with the end of the previous year.[5]
Nanchong was in the territory of the state ofBa before it was conquered by theQin in 314 BC. The Qin set up an administrative center at modernLangzhong County-level City.Anhan City was established in Shunqinq district at the beginning of theHan dynasty.[6]
In 202 BC,Emperor Gaozu of Han instituted the Anhan (simplified Chinese:安汉;traditional Chinese:安漢) County in this place. Anhan literally means "to establish or stabilize Han". In 8 AD, the name was changed to Anxin (安新) whenWang Mang seized the throne of the Western Han dynasty, but it reverted to Anhan in 25 AD. It was again changed to Guozhou (果州; 'fruit state') in 621 AD (Tang dynasty), and then to Nanchong in 742 AD. The nickname of Nanchong is Guocheng (果城), derived from Guozhou.[7]
Nanchong is in the northeast of Sichuan Province. To the east of Nanchong isDazhou, to the west areMianyang andSuining, to the north areBazhong andGuangyuan, and to the south isGuang'an.[8]
The vast majority of this area is hilly. Thewoodland coverage is 25%.[9]
TheJialing River, a tributary of theYangtze River, crosses the prefecture from north to south. There are another 30 rivers in the prefecture with adrainage basin of more than 30 km2 (12 sq mi).[9]
As with the rest of the Sichuan Basin, Nanchong has amonsoon-influencedhumid subtropical climate (KöppenCwa) with high humidity year-round; winters are short and mild while summers long, hot, and humid. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 6.5 °C (43.7 °F) in January to 27.3 °C (81.1 °F) in July; the annual mean is 17.38 °C (63.3 °F). Frost is uncommon, and the frost-free period lasts 290−320 days.[10]
Over 70% of the 1,003 mm (39.5 in) of annual precipitation occurs from May to September. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from around 9% in December to 47% in August, the city receives only 1,135 hours of bright sunshine annually. Spring (March–April) tends to be sunnier and warmer in the day than autumn (October–November).
| Climate data for Nanchong (Gaoping District), elevation 347 m (1,138 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 19.4 (66.9) | 23.5 (74.3) | 31.6 (88.9) | 35.2 (95.4) | 37.2 (99.0) | 37.4 (99.3) | 40.1 (104.2) | 42.8 (109.0) | 41.9 (107.4) | 34.1 (93.4) | 27.6 (81.7) | 19.0 (66.2) | 42.8 (109.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.4 (48.9) | 12.6 (54.7) | 17.6 (63.7) | 23.4 (74.1) | 26.9 (80.4) | 29.2 (84.6) | 32.3 (90.1) | 32.7 (90.9) | 27.2 (81.0) | 21.3 (70.3) | 16.3 (61.3) | 10.5 (50.9) | 21.6 (70.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 6.6 (43.9) | 9.1 (48.4) | 13.3 (55.9) | 18.5 (65.3) | 22.1 (71.8) | 24.9 (76.8) | 27.8 (82.0) | 27.6 (81.7) | 23.1 (73.6) | 17.9 (64.2) | 13.1 (55.6) | 8.0 (46.4) | 17.7 (63.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 4.4 (39.9) | 6.6 (43.9) | 10.2 (50.4) | 14.8 (58.6) | 18.4 (65.1) | 21.6 (70.9) | 24.3 (75.7) | 24.0 (75.2) | 20.3 (68.5) | 15.7 (60.3) | 10.9 (51.6) | 6.1 (43.0) | 14.8 (58.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −2.9 (26.8) | −0.9 (30.4) | 1.2 (34.2) | 4.9 (40.8) | 9.5 (49.1) | 14.3 (57.7) | 18.0 (64.4) | 17.3 (63.1) | 13.3 (55.9) | 3.5 (38.3) | 1.5 (34.7) | −3.4 (25.9) | −3.4 (25.9) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 15.5 (0.61) | 17.5 (0.69) | 38.3 (1.51) | 75.9 (2.99) | 119.4 (4.70) | 162.4 (6.39) | 175.1 (6.89) | 147.0 (5.79) | 121.3 (4.78) | 85.6 (3.37) | 36.6 (1.44) | 16.0 (0.63) | 1,010.6 (39.79) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 9.0 | 8.3 | 9.9 | 11.4 | 13.7 | 13.9 | 12.3 | 10.0 | 13.5 | 15.2 | 10.2 | 8.4 | 135.8 |
| Average snowy days | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 1.7 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 83 | 79 | 74 | 73 | 73 | 79 | 77 | 74 | 81 | 85 | 84 | 85 | 79 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 34.6 | 47.4 | 87.8 | 126.7 | 129.4 | 116.6 | 165.6 | 180.8 | 100.5 | 63.2 | 51.5 | 29.3 | 1,133.4 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 11 | 15 | 23 | 33 | 30 | 28 | 39 | 44 | 27 | 18 | 16 | 9 | 24 |
| Source 1:China Meteorological Administration[11][12] all-time extreme temperature[13] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather China[14] | |||||||||||||
| Map | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) |
| Shunqing District | 顺庆区 | Shùnqìng Qū | 635,999 | 545 | 1,167 |
| Gaoping District | 高坪区 | Gāopíng Qū | 585,769 | 812 | 721 |
| Jialing District | 嘉陵区 | Jiālíng Qū | 691,489 | 1,170 | 591 |
| Langzhong City | 阆中市 | Lángzhōng Shì | 870,708 | 1,877 | 464 |
| Nanbu County | 南部县 | Nánbù Xiàn | 1,275,748 | 2,305 | 553 |
| Yingshan County | 营山县 | Yíngshān Xiàn | 926,940 | 1,633 | 568 |
| Peng'an County | 蓬安县 | Péng'ān Xiàn | 702,336 | 1,334 | 526 |
| Yilong County | 仪陇县 | Yílǒng Xiàn | 1,088,266 | 1,695 | 642 |
| Xichong County | 西充县 | Xīchōng Xiàn | 643,818 | 1,108 | 581 |
TheHan people are the largest ethnic group in this area, contributing to 99.88% of its population; another 48 ethnic groups can be found in the city. Langzhong has a largeHui Muslim community.
As in other cities of China, the population of Nanchong can be divided into two parts: upper urban population and lower rural population. The registeredurban population is about 1.2 million.[15]
Shunqing District, downtown, is the densest area in Nanchong. At the center of Shunqing District, and the proverbial heart of the city, is Five Star Garden (五星花园); a largeroundabout with five exits leading to other sections of the city.[16]
Nanchong City has a long history and culture and is one of the important cultural centers in northeastern Sichuan.
Guokui stuffed with jelly（锅盔灌凉粉[17]）: the outer skin is crispy, and the inner filling is Sichuanjelly, which tastes spicy and delicious.
Nanchong rice noodles（南充米粉）:[17] a rich variety ofrice noodles and a clever combination of various seasonings
Shunqing Mutton Rice Noodles（顺庆羊肉粉）:[17] The rice noodles are as fine as silk and smooth in the texture, while the mutton soup exudes a rich aroma
Steamed buns with white sugar（白糖蒸馍）:[18] naturally fermented, they only have the aroma of wheat and do not have the alkaline taste ofsteamed buns.
Yingshan Cold Noodles(营山凉面):[18] The cold noodles are golden in color, delicious in appearance, aroma and taste, and refreshing.
Agriculture is the pillar of Nanchong's economy, with 80% of Nanchong's population in rural areas and committed to traditional agricultural activities. Nanchong's manufacturing industry also relies on raw materials, which are provided by agriculture.
Nanchong's main agricultural product is food. A large quantity of rice,orange,silk worms, and pork are produced to support related manufacturers.[19]
Nanchong's main manufacturing outputs arepetroleum products,automobiles and parts, mechanical equipment, textiles, and building materials.[20]
There is a large quantity ofrock oil andnatural gas found in Nanchong, and it has the largestslate mine in the west of China. The dams onJialing River and its branches have a large potential to increase electric power generation. But the largest resource of Nanchong is human: Nanchong is one of the main providers of Chinese cheapmigrant workers.[21]
Transportation in Nanchong is quite convenient compared with other cities inSichuan province because of its extensive express railway network, shipping, and air service.
Nanchong is atransport hub of the northeast Sichuan Province. It is crossed by the strategicChina National Highway 318, built by the Chinese government in the 1930s, andChina National Highway 212 and newly built expressways —Cheng-Nan andNan-Guangexpressway — which link the city toChengdu and another prefecture-level city:Guang'an. The expressway toChongqing is under construction.
TheDazhou–Chengdu Railway through Nanchong linksChengdu andDazhou. TheChongqing–Lanzhou Railway, in 2015, will linkLanzhou (Gansu) andChongqing, and turn Nanchong into a railway hub in northeast Sichuan province. The Nanchong railway station provides passenger and cargo services to regional and national economic centres such asShanghai,Beijing, Chongqing,Wuhan, Chengdu andShenzhen.
The old Nanchong airport was built in the 1950s and closed in 2003. The newNanchong Gaoping Airport which has capacity to land bigger planes, provides regular air services toBeijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Kunming,Xi'an andSanya.
Nanchong is suggested as a traditionshipping hub in ancient times. Ships from Gansu could reach Chongqing along the Jialing river, but the river is not suitable for modern shipping.
There are five academic institutions in Nanchong that provide higher education.
Nanchong City has relatively complete secondary education, which ranks among the best in Sichuan Province. Among them, the well-known high schools include:
Nanchong Senior High School (https://www.scncgz.net/)
Nanchong No. 1 Middle School (http://www.ncyzedu.cn/)
Nanchong No. 10 Middle School (http://www.ncsz.net/)
Nanchong Baita High School (https://www.ncbtzx.net/)
There are also some schools that are relatively well known in the junior high school stage, such as
Nanchong No. 5 Middle School (https://www.ncswz.com/)
Nanchong Shiyan Middle School (https://www.ncssyzx.net/dist/)
Nanchong Gaoping Middle School (https://www.ncgpzx.cn/)
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