Bochka Bar, Pobeda Cinema, Cathedral of Equal to the Apostle Mary Magdalene, Fountain at the Place de la Concorde in the Lenina Street, Monument to the Nalchans who died in the Great Patriotic War, Trees in a park, Snow in a memorial, Statue of Lenin, Central Mosque, KBSU Main Building
The territory of modern-day Nalchik was formerly known as Sloboda. The modern city dates from the early 19th century when the expandingRussian Empire built a fort there in 1818.
The word "Nalchik" literally means "small horseshoe" inKabardian (or Circassian, aNorthwest Caucasian language) andKarachay-Balkar (aTurkic language). It is a diminutive ofna'l, a common Middle Eastern word (Arabic,Persian,Turkish) for "horseshoe", possibly from the ancientScythian, 'nalak' (horseshoe). The city of Nalchik was named this way because of how it is shaped as surrounded by the mountains of the land, and theNalchik River is named after the city it runs across.
Concord Square
DuringWorld War II, on 2 November 1942, Nalchik was occupied by Romanian mountain troops (Vânători de munte) under the command of Brigadier GeneralIoan Dumitrache, its capture earning the Romanian General theKnight's Cross of the Iron Cross.[19] The city was heavily damaged during the conflict. General Dumitrache went to great length ordering his troops to protect local population during the time Nalchik was occupied by Romanian forces. Professor A. N. Dainaco, the Mayor of Nalchik at that time, thanked General Dumitrache for liberating the city. Although he was accused ofwar crimes, General Dumitrache was fully exonerated after the war by a joint Soviet and Romanian judicial commission.[20]
In 1990, there was a 6.0 magnitude earthquake in Nalchik.
With the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Nalchik and the Kabardino- Balkaria region become a federal republic of Russia.[21]
In 1999 the remains of Kazym Mechiyev, who died in exile in 1945, were reburied in Nalchik.[22]
Street scene on the Nalchik Outskirts with a view of the mountain range
On October 13, 2005, Nalchik wasattacked by a large group ofYarmuk Jamaat militants led byShamil Basayev andAnzor Astemirov. Buildings associated with the Russian security forces were targeted, killing at least 14 civilians and wounding 115. Thirty-five policemen died in the fighting. Eighty-nine militants, including their leaderIlias Gorchkhanov, were killed, and another fifty-nine arrested.
Nalchik is abalneological and mountainclimatotherapy resort, with severalsanatoriums. It also serves as an industrial center of the republic (non-ferrous metallurgy, light industry, construction materials manufacturing, machine building).[25]
Nalchik is home to the following facilities of higher education:
Nalchik has ahot-summer humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification:Dfa) with hot summers and no dry season. The warm season lasts from late May to mid-September and the cold season from December to March. Most forms of precipitation are light rain and thunderstorms, as well as light snow and moderate snow. Wind speeds are typically calm to a light breeze through the year.
^Суюнчев Х. И., Урусбиев И. Х. Русско-карачаево-балкарский словарь. Около 35 000 слов. Москва: «Советская энциклопедия», 1965. С. 744
^Суюнчев Х. И., Урусбиев И. Х. Русско-карачаево-балкарский словарь. Около 35 000 слов. Москва: «Советская энциклопедия», 1965. С. 431.{{cite book}}:Missing or empty|title= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^"Национальный состав населения". Управление Федеральной службы государственной статистики по Северо-Кавказскому федеральному округу. RetrievedMay 24, 2023.
^"North-Caucasus State Institute of Arts". Universities, Colleges and Institutes Directory of Russian Federation (Russia) .University-directory.eu. RetrievedSeptember 27, 2009.
Парламент Кабардино-Балкарской Республики. Закон №12-РЗ от 27 февраля 2005 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Кабардино-Балкарской Республики», в ред. Закона №20-РЗ от 23 апреля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные республиканские Законы». Вступил в силу на следующий день после опубликования. Опубликован: "Кабардино-Балкарская правда", б/н, 1 марта 2005 г. (Parliament of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Law #12-RZ of February 27, 2005On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, as amended by the Law #20-RZ of April 23, 2014On Amending Various Republican Laws. Effective as of the day following the publication date.).
Парламент Кабардино-Балкарской Республики. Закон №13-РЗ от 27 февраля 2005 г. «Об статусе и границах муниципальных образований в Кабардино-Балкарской Республики», в ред. Закона №20-РЗ от 23 апреля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные республиканские Законы». Вступил в силу на следующий день после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Кабардино-Балкарская правда", б/н, 1 марта 2005 г. (Parliament of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Law #13-RZ of February 27, 2005On the Status and the Borders of the Municipal Formations in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, as amended by the Law #20-RZ of April 23, 2014On Amending Various Republican Laws. Effective as of the day following the official publication date.).
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