| Nagesvara and Cennakesava temples pair | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Hinduism |
| District | Hassan |
| Deity | Shiva,Vishnu |
| Location | |
| Location | Mosale village |
| State | Karnataka |
| Country | India |
  Shown within India Show map of India Nageshvara-Chennakeshava Temple complex, Mosale (Karnataka) Show map of Karnataka | |
| Coordinates | 12°54′06.0″N76°08′31.7″E / 12.901667°N 76.142139°E /12.901667; 76.142139 |
| Architecture | |
| Type | Hoysala |
| Creator | unknown |
| Completed | unknown, c. 1200 CE |
The Nageshvara-Chennakeshava temple complex, sometimes referred to as theNagesvara andChennakesava temples of Mosale, is a pair of nearly identical Hindu temples in the village of Mosale near Hassan city, Karnataka, India. One for Shiva, other for Vishnu, this pair is a set of highly ornamented stone temples, illustrating theHoysala architecture. These temples also include panels of artwork related to the goddess tradition of Hinduism (Shaktism) and Vedic deities. Another notable feature of these temples is the artwork in their ceilings, how theshilpins (artisans) integrated the historic pre-Hoysala architectural innovations from the Chalukya era. Further, the temples include north IndianBhumija and south IndianVesara aedicules on the outer walls above the panels.[1][2] It is unclear when this temple pair was built, but given the style and architectural innovations embedded therein, it was likely complete before 1250 CE.[2]
According to Dhaky – an architecture and history scholar, the interior of this temple pair is "gorgeously embellished" and the outer artwork is "handsomely decorated".[2] This temple complex is protected as a monument of national importance by theArchaeological Survey of India.[3]
It is located in the village of Mosale, about 10 kilometres (6 mi) south ofHassan city, inHassan district of Karnataka state, India.[1] The two temples are in the same complex, in an idyllic rural setting, and they form a "perfect twin".[4]
It is unclear when the temple was built, as the foundation stone is missing and other inscriptions do not provide any clues. The style suggests this pair is a pre-1250 CE temple.[2] According to Foekema, the temple was built in 1200 CE during the reign of Hoysala KingVeera Ballala II.[5][6]
By plan, the temples are simple single-shrined structures with all the standard features ofHoysala architecture; a porch entrance into a square closedmantapa ornavaranga (hall with no windows and a thick wall) leading to the sanctum, and a superstructure (shikhara) over the main shrine fitting the description of aekakuta (single shrine with top). The sanctum (garbhagriha) is connected to the hall by avestibule calledsukhanasi. The closed hall, whose inner and outer walls are decorated, has four central lathe turned pillars that support a bay ceiling.[5][6][7][8][9] The temples are constructed next to each other. The Nageshvara temple (lit, "Lord of snakes"), dedicated to the Hindu godShiva is in the south. The Chennakeshava temple (lit, "beautiful Vishnu"), dedicated to the Hindu godVishnu, is to the north.[5][10][11]
The superstructure (tower orshikhara) over each shrine is three tiered (tritala arpita) andvesara in style. It is intact, finely sculptured, and has a decorative low extension which is actually the tower over the vestibule (that connects thecella (sanctum) and the hall). The extension tower looks like the "nose" of the main superstructure and is also calledsukhanasi. Thesukanasi structure holds the Hoysala crest that depicts a royal warrior stabbing a lion.[6][7][8] At the top of the superstructure of the shrine is a sculpturedamalaka, whose ground surface area can be 2 × 2 meters. It is the largest piece of sculpture in the temple. Theamalaka supports a decorative water pot like structure called thekalasha which is the apex of the tower.[12] All these features are intact in both temples.[5]
The decorative features found on the temple's outer wall (horizontal treatment) belong to the pre-Hoysala traditions. In this type of decorations, below the superstructure, an eaves that projects about half a meter runs all around the temple. Below the eaves are decorative Bhumija and Vesara miniature towers (aedicula) onpilasters. The large wall images ofdeities and their attendants are placed below these decorative towers. Some of these images are mutilated and damaged, but others are in reasonably preserved form to affirm their elegance and art. Some of the panel images at the Nageshvara temple have been signed by the artists on their pedestals.[2][5]
The panels found in the Nagesvara temple include those of Sridevi,Lakshmidevi,Gauri, Maheshvari (another name forParvati),Brahma, Sadashiva (form ofShiva), andBhumidevi (representation of mother earth).[13]
The Channakeshava temple has sculptures ofGaruda (the eagle),Keshava (a form of Vishnu),Janardana,Venugopala, Madhava (a form ofKrishna), andBhudevi. Below these images, the base of the wall comprises five different horizontalmoldings, one of which is a row of blocks.[5][6][8]
_and_Chennakeshava_(far)_temples_at_Mosale.JPG)
_of_the_Nageshvara_(left)_and_Chennakeshava_(right)_temples_at_Mosale.JPG)
_in_the_Chennakeshava_temple_at_Mosale.JPG)
_in_Nageshvara_temple_at_Mosale.JPG)
_at_Nageshvara_and_Chennakeshava_temples_in_Mosale.jpg)
_of_Nageshvara_temple_at_Mosale.JPG)
