 | |
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a685019 |
| Routes of administration | IM,IV |
| ATC code | |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
|
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Protein binding | 90% |
| Metabolism | <30%hepatic |
| Eliminationhalf-life | 0.5 hours |
| Excretion | Biliary andrenal |
| Identifiers | |
| |
| CAS Number |
|
| PubChemCID | |
| DrugBank |
|
| ChemSpider |
|
| UNII | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| CompTox Dashboard(EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.005.174 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C21H22N2O5S |
| Molar mass | 414.48 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| |
| |
| (verify) | |
Nafcillin sodium is anarrow-spectrum,[1] second-generationbeta-lactam antibiotic[2] of thepenicillin class. As abeta-lactamase-resistant penicillin, it is used to treatinfections caused byGram-positive bacteria, in particular,species ofstaphylococci that areresistant to other penicillins.
Nafcillin is considered therapeutically equivalent tooxacillin, although one retrospective study found greater rates ofhypokalemia andacute kidney injury in patients taking nafcillin compared to patients taking oxacillin.[3]
Nafcillin is indicated in the treatment ofstaphylococcal infections, except those caused byMRSA.[4]
U.S.clinical practice guidelines recommend either nafcillin or oxacillin as thefirst-line treatment of choice for staphylococcalendocarditis in patients withoutartificial heart valves.[5]
As with all penicillins, serious life-threateningallergic reactions can occur.[citation needed]
Milder side-effects include:
There is evidence that nafcillin inducescytochrome P-450 enzymes, specificallyCYP2C9. Several drugs with a narrowtherapeutic window, such as warfarin and nifedipine, are metabolized by CYP2C9.[7]
Nafcillin contains salts added as stability media. These added salts could causeedema or fluid accumulation. It would be prudent to avoid this medication if there were a concern for a congestive heart failure or kidney disease.[citation needed]
