| Nabû-mukin-apli | |
|---|---|
| King of Babylon | |
 Kudurru of the time of Nabû-mukin-apli[i 1] | |
| Reign | c. 974–939 BC |
| Predecessor | Mar-biti-apla-uṣur Dynasty of Elam |
| Successor | Ninurta-kudurri-uṣur II |
| House | Dynasty ofE |
Nabû-mukin-apli, typically inscribeddAG-DU-A, “Nabû (is) establisher of a legitimate heir,”[1] ruledc. 974–939 BC, foundedBabylon’s 8th dynasty, the so-calledDynasty of E, and ruled for thirty-six years.[i 2] TheSynchronistic Kinglist records him as a contemporary of theAssyrian kingTiglath-Pileser II.[i 3] His reign was plagued byAramean invasions, resulting in Babylon being cut off from its agricultural hinterland for several years and consequently being unable to celebrate the new year festival.
His reign falls in the midst of the Babylonian dark age and consequently his ancient sources are meager. He is mentioned in theEclectic Chronicle[i 4] but without any surviving historical information. TheReligious Chronicle[i 5] provides the most detail about his reign. TheAkitu festival, or New Year’s festival ofMarduk and Nabû, was interrupted several times, indeed for a stretch of nine straight years, because the “Aramaeans were belligerent.” Nabu's shrine is in the neighboring city ofBorsippa and the festival seemed to involve the transport of cultic idols to the city of Babylon. The Kaldu (Chaldeans) migrated into Babylonia, and settled in the far southeast of Babylonia just after his reign.
Akudurru or boundary stone from Sippar (pictured),[i 1] in southern Iraq, records a legal settlement, in his 25th year, of a feud over an estate in the district of the city of Sha-mamitu. It had formerly been the property of Arad-Sibitti, a provincial governor, and hiscash-strappedKassite family, the bīt-Abi-Rattaš, but had passed through marriage to the family of Buruša, a bow-maker. To complicate things, Arad-Sibitti had inadvertently killed Buruša’s slave with an arrow during the earlier reign ofNinurta-kudurri-uṣur I,c. 983–981 BC. Buruša had to pay 887 shekels to secure his title against the variousliens imposed by Arad-Sibitti’s creditors. The king’s three sons are listed as witnesses to the settlement.[2] A recently identified kudurru from the east of the Tigris in the Diyala region on the Mingatu-karītu canal is dated to his 16th year and details the sales of two plots of land.[3] There is another kudurru fragment[i 6] but it is badly damaged and gives no useful information concerning his reign.[4] A single unpublished economic text in theMusée d'Art et d'Histoire, Geneva, Switzerland, is dated to his reign.[5]
His younger son, Rīmūt-ilī, acted asšatam ekurrāti, overseer of the temples.[6] He was succeeded by his other sons, firstly Ninurta-kudurri-uṣur II, for 8 months, and then Mar-biti-aḫḫe-idinna for an as yet undetermined period.[7]
