 | |
.jpg) NPO Mashinostroyeniya design bureau inReutov | |
| Formerly | OKB-52 |
|---|---|
| Company type | Joint-stock company |
| Industry | Defense industry Aerospace industry Space industry |
| Founded | 1944 |
| Headquarters | , Russia |
| Products | Missiles, Ballistic missiles, Cruise missiles, Anti-ship missiles, Spacecraft, Launch vehicles |
| Revenue | $464 million[1] (2014) |
| Parent | Tactical Missiles Corporation[2] |
| Website | npomash |
NPO Mashinostroyeniya (Russian:НПО машиностроения,lit. 'RDA of machine manufacturing') is a rocket design bureau based inReutov,Russia. During theCold War it was responsible for several major weapons systems, including theUR-100NIntercontinental ballistic missile and the militaryAlmazspace station program.
India is Mashinostroyeniya's second largest customer after the Russian Federation for sale ofP-70 Ametist,BrahMos,BrahMos-II andP-800 Oniks.
NPO Mashinostroyeniya was founded in 1944 to develop rockets for the Russian military. Under the leadership of cruise missile designerVladimir Chelomey, the firm was lead developer of the Soviet Union's space satellites, cruise missiles, and intercontinental ballistic missiles.[3] Originally part of the OKB-51 design bureau, it relocated to Reutov, and from 1955 to 1966 was designatedOKB-52 (and alsoOKB-52 MAP). OKB-52 became later known asTsKBM.
The OKB-52 was the main rival ofOKB-1 (then the design bureau ofSergei Korolev, later renamed TsKBEM, todayRSC Energia) during theSoviet human lunar programs and theSoviet space station program.[4]
At its peak in the mid-1980s, NPO Mashinostroyeniya employed nearly 10,000. By the mid-1980s state support for NPO was dwindling.[3] In the 1980s, the Soviet government directed NPO to develop vegetable oil processing equipment, baking industry equipment, and food storage products.[3] By 1993, Mashinostroyeniya's defense orders dwindled to one-fifth of previous levels.[3]
On July 16, 2014, theObama administration imposedsanctions through theUS Department of Treasury'sOffice of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) by adding NPO Mashinostroyeniya and other entities to theSpecially Designated Nationals List (SDN) in retaliation for the ongoingRusso-Ukrainian War.[5][6] ScarCruft and the Lazarus Group allegedly hacked company systems in 2021, according to reports published by cybersecurity firm SentinelOne.[7][8]
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