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NGC 4138

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici
NGC 4138
Image of NGC 4138 taken by theHubble Space Telescope in green light (547 nm).
Observation data (J2000epoch)
ConstellationCanes Venatici
Right ascension12h 09m 29.788s[1]
Declination+43° 41′ 07.14″[1]
Redshift0.002962[2]
Heliocentric radial velocity872[3]
Distance52 Mly (16.0 Mpc)[3]
Apparent magnitude (V)11.32[4]
Apparent magnitude (B)12.16[4]
Characteristics
TypeSA0+(r)[5]
Apparent size (V)2.087′ × 1.252′[1]
Other designations
2MASX J12092978+4341071,LEDA 38643,UGC 7139,UZC J120929.9+434107,Z 215-37.[6]

NGC 4138 is theNew General Catalogue identifier for alenticular galaxy in the northernconstellation ofCanes Venatici. Located around 52 millionlight years from Earth,[3] it spans some 2.1 × 1.3[1] arc minutes and has anapparent visual magnitude of 11.3.[4] Themorphological classification of NGC 4138 is SA0+(r), indicating it lacks abar formation and has tightly wound spiral arms with a ring-like structure around the nucleus.[5] It has no nearby companion galaxies.[2]

This is aSeyfert 1.9 galaxy with anactive galactic nucleus, havingradio emissions detected in its nuclear region. Two radio sources have been detected, with the eastern component being the brighter at 1.0mJy while the fainter source is emitting 0.75 mJy. This radiation is most likely coming fromjets of energetic material being ejected by a centralblack hole.[7]

In 1996 it was revealed that this galaxy has a counter-rotating disk; around 20% of the stars in the galaxy are rotating in the opposite direction from the other 80%.[2] The neutral and ionized gas in this galaxy are rotating in the same direction as the counter-rotating disk, and the stars in this group are generally younger than the main stellar population. This disk may have formed as the result of a merger with a gas-richdwarf galaxy some four billion years ago. Simulations indicate that the counter-rotation of this disk is acting to suppress spiral arm features in the galaxy as a whole. The young, star-forming ring structure is likely the result of collisions between gas clouds rotating in the opposite directions.[8]

NGC 4138 is a member of theNGC 4111 Group,[9][10] which is part of theUrsa Major Cloud and is the second largest group in the cloud after theNGC 3992 Group.[11][12][13]

Gallery

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  • NGC 4138 (SDSS DR14)
    NGC 4138 (SDSS DR14)
  • NGC 4138 (HST)
    NGC 4138 (HST)

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdSkrutskie, Michael F.; Cutri, Roc M.; Stiening, Rae; Weinberg, Martin D.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Carpenter, John M.; Beichman, Charles A.; Capps, Richard W.; Chester, Thomas; Elias, Jonathan H.; Huchra, John P.; Liebert, James W.; Lonsdale, Carol J.; Monet, David G.; Price, Stephan; Seitzer, Patrick; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Gizis, John E.; Howard, Elizabeth V.; Evans, Tracey E.; Fowler, John W.; Fullmer, Linda; Hurt, Robert L.; Light, Robert M.; Kopan, Eugene L.; Marsh, Kenneth A.; McCallon, Howard L.; Tam, Robert; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Wheelock, Sherry L. (1 February 2006)."The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)".The Astronomical Journal.131 (2):1163–1183.Bibcode:2006AJ....131.1163S.doi:10.1086/498708.ISSN 0004-6256.S2CID 18913331.
  2. ^abcJore, Katherine P.; et al. (August 1996), "A Counter-Rotating Disk in the Normal SA Galaxy NGC 4138",Astronomical Journal,112: 438,Bibcode:1996AJ....112..438J,doi:10.1086/118027.
  3. ^abcTully, R. Brent; et al. (October 2013), "Cosmicflows-2: The Data",The Astronomical Journal,146 (4): 25,arXiv:1307.7213,Bibcode:2013AJ....146...86T,doi:10.1088/0004-6256/146/4/86,S2CID 118494842, 86.
  4. ^abcGil de Paz, Armando; et al. (2007), "The GALEX Ultraviolet Atlas of Nearby Galaxies",Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series,173 (2):185–255,arXiv:astro-ph/0606440,Bibcode:2007ApJS..173..185G,doi:10.1086/516636,S2CID 119085482.
  5. ^abde Vaucouleurs, G.; et al. (1991),"Third reference catalogue of bright galaxies, version 9",The Astronomical Journal,108: 2128,Bibcode:1994AJ....108.2128C,doi:10.1086/117225,archived from the original on 2019-08-11, retrieved2015-11-25.
  6. ^"NGC 4138 – Seyfert 1 Galaxy",SIMBAD Astronomical Database,Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg,archived from the original on 2015-12-09, retrieved2015-11-30.
  7. ^Bontempi, P.; et al. (October 2012), "Physical properties of the nuclear region in Seyfert galaxies derived from observations with the European VLBI Network",Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,426 (1):588–594,arXiv:1208.0230,Bibcode:2012MNRAS.426..588B,doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21786.x,S2CID 118387189.
  8. ^Pizzella, A.; et al. (October 2014), "The difference in age of the two counter-rotating stellar disks of the spiral galaxy NGC 4138",Astronomy & Astrophysics,570: 5,arXiv:1409.3086,Bibcode:2014A&A...570A..79P,doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424746,S2CID 119276440, A79.
  9. ^Makarov, Dmitry; Karachentsev, Igor (2011-04-21)."Galaxy groups and clouds in the local (z∼ 0.01) Universe: Galaxy groups in the local Universe".Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.412 (4):2498–2520.arXiv:1011.6277.doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.18071.x.
  10. ^Kourkchi, Ehsan; Tully, R. Brent (2017-07-01)."Galaxy Groups Within 3500 km s −1".The Astrophysical Journal.843 (1): 16.arXiv:1705.08068.doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa76db.ISSN 0004-637X.
  11. ^Karachentsev, I. D.; Nasonova, O. G.; Courtois, H. M. (2013-03-01)."Anatomy of Ursa Majoris".Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.429 (3):2264–2273.arXiv:1211.5975.doi:10.1093/mnras/sts494.ISSN 1365-2966.
  12. ^Pak, Mina; Rey, Soo-Chang; Lisker, Thorsten; Lee, Youngdae; Kim, Suk; Sung, Eon-Chang; Jerjen, Helmut; Chung, Jiwon (2014-09-29)."The properties of early-type galaxies in the Ursa Major cluster".Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.445 (1):630–647.arXiv:1409.3070.doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1722.ISSN 0035-8711.
  13. ^Ai, Mei; Zhu, Ming; Yu, Nai-ping; Xu, Jin-long; Liu, Xiao-lan; Jing, Yingjie; Jiao, Qian; Liu, Yao; Zhang, Chuan-peng; Wang, Jie; Jiang, Peng (2025-04-01)."Formation of the Dark Matter–Deficient S0 Galaxy NGC 4111 under the Tidal Interactions".The Astrophysical Journal Letters.982 (2): L52.arXiv:2503.05171.Bibcode:2025ApJ...982L..52A.doi:10.3847/2041-8213/adbeee.ISSN 2041-8205.

External links

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  • Media related toNGC 4138 at Wikimedia Commons
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