Galaxy in the constellation Leo Minor
NGC 3504 is abarred spiral galaxy in theconstellation Leo Minor . It has aHubble distance corresponding to 88 millionlight-years [ 3] William Herschel in 1785.[ 4]
The luminosity class of NGC 3504 is I-II, with a broadHI line containing regions of ionizedhydrogen . Additionally, it is classfied as astarburst galaxy .[ 5]
There is a large amount of molecular gas centered on the galactic nucleus. Compared with other barred spiral galaxies, NGC 3504 is in an early phase of its evolution.[ 6]
NGC 3504 is classified as a type (R1 ')SAB(rs)ab galaxy.[ 7] [ 8] galactic budge that is crossed by a thin bar. It hasspiral arms found wrapping around its inner ring which then peels off to form an outer, brokenpseudo-ring . The galaxy shows little evidence ofstar formation .[ 9]
According toHubble Space Telescope , a star-forming disk has been found around the nucleus of NGC 3504, which the size of the disk'saxis is estimated to be 200 pc (~650light years ).[ 10]
The mass of NGC 3504 has been difficult to narrow down, but it is believed to be between 2.5*109 M⊙ and 9*109 M⊙.[ 11]
Supermassive black hole [ edit ] Thesupermassive black hole in NGC 3504 is estimated to be 107.8 M○ (or 63 million solar masses), according tonear-infrared K-band brightness measurements for the galaxy's budge.[ 12]
Twosupernovae have been observed in NGC 3504:
NGC 3504 is the brightest member of theNGC 3504 Group (also known asLGG 227), which is a member of theLeo II Groups , a series of galaxies andgalaxy clusters strung out from the right edge of theVirgo Supercluster .[ 18] NGC 3380 ,NGC 3400 ,NGC 3414 ,NGC 3451 ,NGC 3512 , UGC 5921 and UGC 5958.[ 19] [ 20]
^a b c d e f "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database" .Results for NGC 3504 . Retrieved2008-04-10 .^ "NGC 3504" .SIMBAD Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved2021-02-23 .^ "Results for NGC 3504" .ned.ipac.caltech.edu . Retrieved2024-07-25 .^ "New General Catalog Objects: NGC 3500 - 3549" .cseligman.com . Retrieved2024-07-25 .^ Balzano, V. A. (1983-05-01)."Star-burst galactic nuclei" .The Astrophysical Journal .268 :602– 627.Bibcode :1983ApJ...268..602B .doi :10.1086/160983 .ISSN 0004-637X . ^ Franco, J & F, Ferrini (1993).Star Formation, Galaxies and the Interstellar Medium ISBN 978-0-521-44412-5 {{cite book }}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link )^ "Gérard de Vaucouleurs' Atlas of Galaxies" .cseligman.com . Retrieved2024-07-25 .^ "Galaxy Morphology of NGC 3504" .kudzu.astr.ua.edu . Retrieved2024-07-25 .^ de Jong, Roelof S. (1996),"Colour Gradients in the Optical and Near-IR" ,Spiral Galaxies in the Near-IR , ESO Astrophysics Symposia, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 43– 47,doi :10.1007/978-3-540-49739-4_6 ,ISBN 978-3-662-22429-8 , retrieved2024-07-25 ^ Comerón, S.; Knapen, J. H.; Beckman, J. E.; Laurikainen, E.; Salo, H.; Martínez-Valpuesta, I.; Buta, R. J. (March 2010)."AINUR: Atlas of Images of NUclear Rings" .Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 402 (4):2462– 2490.arXiv :0908.0272 Bibcode :2010MNRAS.402.2462C .doi :10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.16057.x ISSN 0035-8711 . ^ Burbidge; et al. (1960)."The Rotation and Approximate Mass of NGC 3504" . ^ Dong, X. Y.; De Robertis, M. M. (March 2006)."Low-Luminosity Active Galaxies and Their Central Black Holes" .The Astronomical Journal .131 (3):1236– 1252.arXiv :astro-ph/0510694 Bibcode :2006AJ....131.1236D .doi :10.1086/499334 .ISSN 0004-6256 . ^ Garnavich, P. (1998)."Supernova 1998cf in NGC 3504" .International Astronomical Union Circular (6914): 1.Bibcode :1998IAUC.6914....1G . ^ "SN 1998cf" .Transient Name Server .IAU . Retrieved12 December 2024 .^ Beckmann, S.; Li, W. D. (2001)."Supernova 2001ac in NGC 3504" .International Astronomical Union Circular (7596): 1.Bibcode :2001IAUC.7596....1B . ^ Matheson, T.; Jha, S.; Challis, P.; Kirshner, R.; Calkins, M. (2001). "Supernova 2001ac in NGC 3504".International Astronomical Union Circular (7597): 3.Bibcode :2001IAUC.7597....3M . ^ "SN 2001ac" .Transient Name Server .IAU . Retrieved12 December 2024 .^ "The Leo III Groups" .Atlas of the Universe .Archived from the original on July 22, 2012. Retrieved2010-11-27 .^ Garcia, A. M. (1993-07-01)."General study of group membership. II. Determination of nearby groups" .Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series .100 :47– 90.Bibcode :1993A&AS..100...47G .ISSN 0365-0138 . ^ Mahtessian, A. P. (1998-07-01)."Groups of galaxies. III. Some empirical characteristics" .Astrophysics .41 (3):308– 321.Bibcode :1998Ap.....41..308M .doi :10.1007/BF03036100 .ISSN 0571-7256 .
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