TheN2K Consortium is a collaborative multinational effort byAmerican,Chilean andJapanese astronomers to find additionalextrasolar planets around stars that arenot already being surveyed. The N2K is shorthand for the set of roughly 2,000 of the nearest and most luminous main sequence stars that were selected to be newly surveyed. Target stars have a B - Vcolor index value between 0.4 and 1.2, avisual magnitude brighter than 10.5, and a distance of less than 110 pc from theSun. They were selected based upon their highmetallicity, which is the abundance of elements other than hydrogen and helium.[1]
The observing campaign uses theKeck,Magellan andSubaru telescopes, plus automated telescopes atFairborn Observatory. Each star is observed three times over a period of several days, then checked for short period variations in radial velocity. This variation is a characteristic of gravitational perturbation caused by a hot Jupiter. Those stars showing radial velocity variations are then checked with the automated photometric telescopes from Fairborn Observatory.[1]
During a two-year run beginning in 2004, the N2K Consortium was predicted to detect about 60 new hot Jupiters.[1] However, by 2009, only seven planets with orbital periods of up to five days had been discovered. They orbit the following stars:[2]
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