Nœux-les-Mines is situated some 4 miles (6.4 km) south ofBéthune and 25 miles (40 km) southwest ofLille, at the junction of the D937 and D65 roads. As the name of the town itself might imply, it was established as acoal mining centre, however with the decline of the mining industry in the area Nœux-les-Mines has evolved to become a light industrial and farming town.
Nœux-les-Mines was first recorded in the 4th century asVitri. It was destroyed in 882 by theNormans, before being rebuilt in the 10th century, when it became known asNoewe.
It was part of the small province of Gohelle, itself part of the province ofArtois.