| Myeloma cast nephropathy | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Cast nephropathy |
 | |
| Micrograph of myeloma cast nephropathy. Myelomatous casts are PAS negative (left of image). Hyaline casts are PAS positive (right of image).PAS stain.Kidney biopsy. | |
| Specialty | Nephrology |
Myeloma cast nephropathy, also referred to aslight-chain cast nephropathy, is the formation of plugs (urinary casts) in thekidney tubules from freeimmunoglobulinlight chains leading tokidney failure in the context ofmultiple myeloma. It is the most common cause of kidney injury in myeloma.[1]
In myeloma cast nephropathy, filtered κ or λ light chains that bind toTamm-Horsfall protein precipitate in the kidney's tubules.Hypercalcemia and low fluid intake contribute to the development of casts.[2]
Myeloma cast nephropathy is considered to be a medical emergency because if untreated, it leads to irreversible kidney failure.[1]
It is diagnosed by histological examination of kidneybiopsy.[1]
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