| Muna–Buton | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | Indonesia (Sulawesi) |
| Linguistic classification | Austronesian
|
| Proto-language | Proto-Muna-Buton |
| Subdivisions |
|
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | muna1246 |
TheMuna–Buton languages are a group of languages spoken on the islands ofMuna andButon off the coast ofSouth East Sulawesi province,Indonesia. They belong to theCelebic subgroup of theAustronesian family.[1]
TheEthnologue classifies the Muna–Buton languages as follows, based on van den Berg (2003) and Donohue (2004):[2][3]
In earlier classifications,Wolio, spoken in the city ofBaubau (seat of the court of the former Sultanate of Buton) and its immediate surroundings, andLaiyolo, spoken in the southern part ofSelayar Island, were also included in the Muna–Buton group,[4][5] but Donohue (2004) has shown that they form a distinct subgroup of their own,Wotu–Wolio, which also includesWotu, spoken at the northern shore of theBone Gulf.[3]
| Proto-Muna–Buton | |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction of | Muna–Buton languages |
Reconstructed ancestors | |
Proto-Muna–Buton has been reconstructed by van den Berg (2003).[2]
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | *i | *u | |
| Mid | *e | *o | |
| Open | *a |
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | plain | *p | *t | *k | *q | ||
| prenasalized | *mp | *nt | *ŋk | |||||
| voiced | plain/implosive | *ɓ | *ɗ | *g | ||||
| prenasalized | *mb | *nd | *ŋg | |||||
| Fricative | voiceless | plain | *s | *h | ||||
| prenasalized | *ns | |||||||
| voiced | *R | |||||||
| Nasal | *m | *n | *ŋ | |||||
| Trill | *r | |||||||
| Lateral | *l | |||||||
| Approximant | *w | *y | ||||||
Van den Berg proposes around 30 lexical innovations for Proto-Muna–Buton, e.g.,*ɓeka 'cat',*kaɓi 'throw away',*kenta 'fish',*kompa 'eel',*potu 'head',*weŋke 'split open (fruit)',*woru 'under'.[2]