Mullaitivu District
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 Location within Sri Lanka | |
 DS and GN Divisions of Mullaitivu District, 2006 | |
| Coordinates:09°14′N80°32′E / 9.233°N 80.533°E /9.233; 80.533 | |
| Country | Sri Lanka |
| Province | Northern |
| Created | September 1978 |
| Capital | Mullaitivu |
| DS Division | |
| Government | |
| • District Secretary | N. Vethanayagam |
| • MPs | List |
| • MPCs | List
|
| Area | |
• Total | 2,617 km2 (1,010 sq mi) |
| • Land | 2,415 km2 (932 sq mi) |
| • Water | 202 km2 (78 sq mi) 7.72% |
| • Rank | 11th (3.99% of total area) |
| Population (2012 census)[2] | |
• Total | 91,947 |
| • Rank | 25th (0.45% of total pop.) |
| • Density | 38.07/km2 (98.61/sq mi) |
| Ethnicity (2012 census)[2] | |
| • Sri Lankan Tamil | 79,081 (86.01%) |
| • Sinhalese | 8,851 (9.63%) |
| • Indian Tamil | 2,182 (2.37%) |
| • Sri Lankan Moors | 1,760 (1.91%) |
| • Other | 73 (0.08%) |
| Religion (2012 census)[3] | |
| • Hindu | 69,628 (75.73%) |
| • Christian | 11,989 (13.04%) |
| • Buddhist | 8,155 (8.87%) |
| • Muslim | 2,013 (2.19%) |
| • Other | 162 (0.18%) |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (Sri Lanka) |
| Post Codes | 42000-42999 |
| ISO 3166 code | LK-45 |
| Vehicle registration | NP |
| Official Languages | Tamil,Sinhala |
| Website | Mullaitivu District Secretariat |
Mullaitivu District (Tamil:முல்லைத்தீவு மாவட்டம்,Mullaittīvu Māvaṭṭam;Sinhala:මුලතිවු දිස්ත්රික්කය,Mulativu distrikkaya) is one of the 25districts ofSri Lanka, the second leveladministrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by aDistrict Secretary (previously known as aGovernment Agent) appointed by thecentral government of Sri Lanka. Thecapital of the district is the town ofMullaitivu.
Parts of present-day Mullaitivu District were ruled by the pre-colonialJaffna kingdom.[4] The district then came underPortuguese,Dutch andBritish control. In 1815 the British gained control of the entire island ofCeylon. They divided the island into three ethnic based administrative structures: Low Country Sinhalese, Kandyan Sinhalese and Tamil. The district, which was then part of Vanni District, was part of the Tamil administration. In 1833, in accordance with the recommendations of theColebrooke-Cameron Commission, the ethnic based administrative structures were unified into a single administration divided into five geographic provinces.[5] Vanni District, together withJaffna District andMannar District, formed the newNorthern Province.[6]
Vanni District was later renamed Mullaitivu District and thenVavuniya District. The district was colonised in the second half of the 18th century by residents fromJaffna Peninsula, primarily fromAlaveddy,Udupiddy andNavaly.[7] At the time thatCeylon gained independence, Vavuniya was one of the three districts located in the Northern Province. Mullaitivu District was carved out of the northern part of Vavuniya District together with parts of the then Jaffna District, Mannar District andTrincomalee District in September 1978.
Mullaitivu District was under the control of rebelLiberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam for many years during thecivil war. The district was recaptured by theSri Lankan military in early 2009.
Mullaitivu District is located in the north east of Sri Lanka in the Northern Province. It has an area of 2,617 square kilometres (1,010 sq mi).[1]
Mullaitivu District is divided into 6Divisional Secretary's Division (DS Divisions), each headed by a Divisional Secretary (previously known as an Assistant Government Agent).[8] The DS Divisions are further sub-divided into 136Grama Niladhari Divisions (GN Divisions).[8]
| DS Division | Main Town | Divisional Secretary | GN Divisions [8] | Area (km2) [8][9] | Population (2012 Census)[10] | Population Density (/km2) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sri Lankan Tamil | Sinhalese | Indian Tamil | Sri Lankan Moors | Other | Total | ||||||
| Manthai East | Pandiyankulam | N.Ranjana | 15 | 515 | 6,277 | 10 | 634 | 8 | 0 | 6,929 | |
| Maritimepattu | Mullaitivu | M.Umamagal | 46 | 744 | 25,976 | 1,071 | 150 | 1,678 | 34 | 28,909 | |
| Oddusuddan | Oddusuddan | P.Jeyarani | 27 | 639 | 14,158 | 792 | 51 | 31 | 15,658 | ||
| Puthukkudiyiruppu | Puthukkudiyiruppu | S.jeyakanth | 19 | 371 | 23,480 | 50 | 215 | 19 | 6 | 23,770 | |
| Thunukkai | Thunukkai | A.Lathumeera | 20 | 344 | 9,180 | 157 | 391 | 2 | 2 | 9,732 | |
| Weli Oya (Manal Aru) | Ehatugaswewa | 9 | 180 | 10 | 6,937 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 6,949 | ||
| Total | 136 | 2,617 | 79,081 | 8,851 | 2,182 | 1,760 | 73 | 91,947 | 35 | ||
Mullaitivu District's population was 91,947 in 2012.[2] The population of the district is mostly Sri Lankan Tamil.
The population of the district, like the rest of the north andeast of Sri Lanka, has been heavily affected by the civil war. The war killed an estimated 100,000 people.[11] Several hundred thousand Sri Lankan Tamils, possibly as much as one million,emigrated toIndia or to theWest during the war.[12] Many Sri Lankan Tamils also moved to the relative safety of the capitalColombo. Most of the Sri Lankan Moors and Sinhalese who lived in the district fled to other parts of Sri Lanka or were forcibly expelled by the rebel Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, though most of them have returned to the district since the end of the civil war.
| Year | Tamil[a] | Sinhalese | Muslim[b] | Other | Total No. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | ||
| 1981 Census | 69,670 | 89.88% | 3,948 | 5.09% | 3,777 | 4.87% | 117 | 0.15% | 77,512 |
| 1999 Estimate | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 184,655 |
| 2000 Estimate | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 187,281 |
| 2001 Estimate[c] | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 180,401 |
| 2002 Estimate | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 144,959 |
| 2003 Estimate | 140,556 | 99.92% | 23 | 0.02% | 49 | 0.03% | 47 | 0.03% | 140,675 |
| 2004 Estimate | 152,724 | 99.83% | 0 | 0.00% | 237 | 0.15% | 29 | 0.02% | 152,990 |
| 2005 Estimate | 157,410 | 99.77% | 0 | 0.00% | 365 | 0.23% | 0 | 0.00% | 157,775 |
| 2006 Estimate | 214,713 | 99.75% | 1 | 0.00% | 547 | 0.25% | 0 | 0.00% | 215,261 |
| 2007 Estimate | 220,117 | 99.91% | 1 | 0.00% | 193 | 0.09% | 0 | 0.00% | 220,311 |
| 2008 Estimate[d] | 51,737 | 99.99% | 0 | 0.00% | 4 | 0.01% | 0 | 0.00% | 51,741 |
| 2009 Estimate[e] | 36,741 | 100.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 36,741 |
| 2011 Enumeration | 60,136 | 90.39% | 3,966 | 5.96% | 2,390 | 3.59% | 34 | 0.05% | 66,526 |
| 2012 Census | 81,263 | 88.38% | 8,851 | 9.63% | 1,760 | 1.91% | 73 | 0.08% | 91,947 |
| Year | Hindu | Christian[f] | Buddhist | Muslim | Others | Total No. | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | ||
| 1981 Census | 60,117 | 77.88% | 12,211 | 15.82% | 1,060 | 1.37% | 3,789 | 4.91% | 12 | 0.02% | 77,189 |
| 2012 Census | 69,628 | 75.73% | 11,989 | 13.04% | 8,155 | 8.87% | 2,013 | 2.19% | 162 | 0.18% | 91,947 |
In 2016 the district was one of the poorest in Sri Lanka and had the second-highest incidence ofextreme poverty according to theWorld Bank.[16]
Mullaitivu District has fourlocal authorities all of which are Divisional Councils (Pradesha Sabhai or Pradeshiya Sabha).[8]
| Local Authority | Area (km2) [8] | Population (2011) [14] | Registered Electors (2011) | Elected Members (2011) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNA | UPFA[g] | Total | ||||
| Manthai East Divisional Council | 494.0 | 6,715 | 5,578 | 6 | 3 | 9 |
| Maritimepattu Divisional Council | 728.6 | 25,405 | ||||
| Puthukkudiyiruppu Divisional Council | 968.0 | 22,110 | ||||
| Thunukkai Divisional Council | 326.3 | 9,126 | 5,227 | 7 | 2 | 9 |
| Total | 2,516.9 | 63,356 | 13 | 5 | 18 | |
| Central Province |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Eastern Province | ||
| North Central Province | ||
| Northern Province | ||
| North Western Province | ||
| Sabaragamuwa Province | ||
| Southern Province | ||
| Uva Province | ||
| Western Province | ||
Topics onNorthern Province, Sri Lanka | |||||||||||
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