| Igneous rock | |
 Mugearite lava flow (on right); flow on left ishawaiite; atNorth Berwick, Scotland | |
| Composition | |
|---|---|
| oligoclase,olivine |
Mugearite (/ˈmʌɡiəraɪt/) is a type ofoligoclase-bearingbasalt, comprisingolivine,apatite, and opaque oxides. The mainfeldspar in mugearite is oligoclase.[1]
Mugearite is asodium-rich member of thealkaline magma series. In theTAS classification of volcanic rock, mugearite is classified as sodium-richbasaltic trachyandesite.[2]
Mugearite was first identified atMugeary on the island ofSkye, Scotland byAlfred Harker in 1904.[3]Outcrops of mugearite also occur on the island ofMull. These examples of mugearite were formed during a period of continentalflood basalt[4] volcanic activity that happened in western Scotland during thePaleogeneperiod of the Earth's geological history, when theNorth Atlantic Ocean opened between Europe and North America.
Mugearite has been erupted by the volcanoes of someoceanic islands athotspots. Examples areHawaii,Ascension Island,Saint Helena,Réunion,Mauritius andTahiti.[5]
Analysis of aMartian rock found by theCuriosity rover and named"Jake Matijevic" (or "Jake M"), after aNASA engineer, determined that this Martian rock is very similar to mugearite erupted on Earth.[3][6][7][8]
Types ofbasalts | |
|---|---|
| Basalts by tectonic setting | |
| Basalts by form and flow | |
| Basalts by chemistry | |
| Important minerals | |
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