| Mrs. Parker and the Vicious Circle | |
|---|---|
 Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Alan Rudolph |
| Written by | Alan Rudolph Randy Sue Coburn |
| Produced by | Robert Altman |
| Starring | |
| Cinematography | Jan Kiesser |
| Edited by | Suzy Elmiger |
| Music by | Mark Isham |
Production company | |
| Distributed by | Fine Line Features |
Release date |
|
Running time | 126 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |
| Budget | $7 million[1] |
| Box office | $2,144,667[2] |
Mrs. Parker and the Vicious Circle is a 1994 Americanbiographicaldrama film directed byAlan Rudolph from a screenplay written by Rudolph and Randy Sue Coburn. The film starsJennifer Jason Leigh as writerDorothy Parker and depicts the members of theAlgonquin Round Table, a group of writers, actors and critics who met almost every weekday from 1919 to 1929 at Manhattan'sAlgonquin Hotel.
The film was an Official Selection at the1994 Cannes Film Festival and was nominated for thePalme d'Or. The film was a critical but not a commercial success. Leigh won theNational Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress.
Peter Benchley, who plays editorFrank Crowninshield, was the grandson of humoristRobert Benchley, who once worked underneath Crowninshield. ActorWallace Shawn is the son ofWilliam Shawn, the longtime editor ofThe New Yorker.
During theProhibition era in the United States, the Algonquin Hotel is a hub for the "Vicious Circle," a group of intellectuals. Among them is Dorothy Parker, a successful writer. Dealing with a troubled marriage to a drug addict, she finds solace in the genuine friendship of Robert Benchley, a colleague atVanity Fair. The "Vicious Circle" successfully stages an improvisational theatrical performance, leading Dorothy to cross paths with Charles MacArthur. Their relationship results in abandonment and an abortion, further shaping her sharp and skeptical character.
Amidst depression, Dorothy attempts suicide, but Robert intervenes, choosing not to pursue a romantic involvement due to fear of potential heartbreak. Without the prospect of love, Dorothy and Robert navigate separate paths, seeking solace in different relationships and experiences. In 1945, Dorothy discovers Robert's death fromcirrhosis of the liver, adding another layer of hardship. Attempts atpsychoanalysis fail to alleviate the darkness within her. In 1958, aged and increasingly isolated in New York, she receives a significant literary award.
Given the historical impact of many of the people portrayed in the film, the ensemble nature of the cast led to opening credits displaying all 30 actors listed above. Other historical characters, in brief appearances, included portrayals byKeith Carradine asWill Rogers,Jon Favreau asElmer Rice, lead characterRobert Benchley's grandson –Jaws authorPeter Benchley – asFrank Crowninshield,Malcolm Gets asF. Scott Fitzgerald and Gisele Rousseau asPolly Adler.
DirectorAlan Rudolph was fascinated with theAlgonquin Round Table as a child when he discoveredGluyas Williams' illustrations in a collection ofRobert Benchley's essays.[3] Speaking in 1995, he said "the Algonquin Hotel round table, what it symbolised, and the ripple effect that went out from it, was probably up there in the 50 most significant events of the century".[4] After makingThe Moderns, a film about American expatriates in1920s Paris, Rudolph wanted to tackle a fact-based drama set in the same era. He began work on a screenplay with novelist and formerWashington Star journalist Randy Sue Coburn about legendary writerDorothy Parker. In 1992, Rudolph attended a Fourth of July party hosted by filmmakerRobert Altman, who introduced him to actressJennifer Jason Leigh. Rudolph was surprised by her physical resemblance to Parker and was impressed by her knowledge of theJazz Age. Leigh was so committed to doing the film that she agreed to make it for "a tenth of what I normally get for a film".[3]
The screenplay originally focused on the platonic relationship between Parker and Robert Benchley, but this did not appeal to any financial backers.[3] There still was no interest even when Altman came on board as producer. The emphasis on Parker was the next change to the script, but Rudolph still had no luck finding financing for "a period biography of a literate woman."[3] Altman used his clout to persuadeFine Line Features andMiramax—two studios he was making films for—to team, with the former releasingMrs. Parker and the Vicious Circle domestically and the latter handling foreign distribution.[3] Altman claimed that he forced the film to be made by putting his own money into it, adding, "I put other projects of mine hostage to it. I did a lot of lying."[5]
Rudolph shot the film inMontreal because the building facades in its old city most closely resembled period New York City.[3] Full financing was not acquired until four weeks into principal photography.[1]
The film's large cast followed Leigh's lead and agreed to work for much lower than their usual salaries. Rudolph invited them to write their own dialogue, which resulted in a chaotic first couple of days of principal photography. ActorCampbell Scott remembered "Everyone hung on to what they knew about their characters and just sort of threw it out there."[3] ActressJennifer Beals discussed this in her appearance on theJon Favreau programDinner for Five, where she stated that while much dialogue was improvised in the style of the real-life characters the actors were playing, many of these characters were not integral to the plot. As such, many of the actors had much larger parts that were edited down to nearly nothing in the film’s final cut.[6]
During the film’s 40-day shoot, the cast stayed in a run-down hotel dubbed Camp Rudolph and engaged in all-night poker games. Leigh chose not to participate in these activities, preferring to stay in character on and off camera. She did a great amount of research for the role and said "I wanted to be as close to her as I possibly could."[3] To this end, Leigh stayed at theAlgonquin Hotel for a week and read Parker's entire body of work. In addition, the actress listened repeatedly to the two existing audio recordings of Parker in order to perfect the writer's distinctive voice. Leigh found that Parker "had a sensibility that I understand very, very well. A sadness. A depression."[3]
OnRotten Tomatoes, it has a 76% approval rating based on 33 reviews, with an average score of 6.3/10.[7] A rough cut ofMrs. Parker and the Vicious Circle was screened at the1993 Cannes Film Festival where it divided film critics. It was rumored afterwards that Leigh re-recorded several scenes that were too difficult to understand because of her accent but she denied that this happened.[1] The film was an Official Selection at the1994 Cannes Film Festival and was nominated for thePalme d'Or.[8]
For her performance in the film, Leigh was nominated for both theGolden Globe Award forBest Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama[9] andIndependent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead.[10]