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TheMC68451 is aMotorola (nowFreescale)Memory Management Unit (MMU), which was primarily used in conjunction with theMotorolaMC68010microprocessor.
The MC68451 supported a 16 MB address space and provided aMC68000 or aMC68010 with support for memory management and protection of memory against unauthorized access. The block size was variable, so it was usually used for segment-based memory management. It supported the mapping of up to 32 memory segments or pages of a variable size from logical to physical addresses. To allow more segments or pages, the simultaneous use of multiple MC68451 MMUs was supported.[1]
In combination with aMC68010, the MC68451 permitted the realization ofvirtual memory. With the earlierMC68000, this was not possible due to the way theMC68000 treated memory access errors, i.e. processor state could not always be properly restored after a page fault; two MC68000s would be required, with the main CPU pausing when it got a memory access error, and the other CPU servicing the page fault.[2] The limitation to 32 segment table entries per MMU made systems based on aMC68010 and a MC68451 slow, as they often had to modify the segment table due to its small size.
Motorola made a single-board computer module that demonstrated the combination of 68010 and 68451 for applications requiring virtual memory.[3]H. Berthold AG used 12 MC68451 MMUs together with theirUNOS variant vBertOS. Others (e.g.Sun Microsystems,Convergent Technologies) used their own proprietaryMMUs instead of the MC68451.
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