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Amisbaha (Arabic:مِسْبَحَة,romanized: misbaḥa),subḥa (Arabic:سُبْحَة) Gulf countries people call it Mesbah (Arabic: مِسْبَاَحْ) (Arabic andUrdu),tusbaḥ (Somali),tasbīḥ (Arabic:تَسْبِيح) (Iran,India,Afghanistan,Tajikistan,Bangladesh,Pakistan,Malaysia andIndonesia), ortespih (Turkish,Bosnian andAlbanian) is a set ofprayer beads often used byMuslims for thetasbih, the recitation ofprayers (thedhikr), as well as to glorifyAllah.[1] It resembles thejapamala used inHinduism,Jainism,Sikhism, andBuddhism, or therosary used inCatholicism. The Arab/Iranian/Turkish and their neighbors put a lot of care as to what materials are used, generally being gems, beads and so forth.
Tessel/التأصيله. Some people call it karkoshah/ الكركوشه and some call it shrabah/شرابه and tamlikah/تمليكه.
They make it from cotton or other fabrics in different colors, different lengths and designs or use some grade of sterling silver with some design like Turkish people. They merge with other parts too.
Al Shahid/الشَاَهِدْ or alm'athnah/المِئْذَنَةْ is usually the longest part of the mesbah and the maker puts his signature on it. They are made from the same material as beads or, like some Turks, they do it from silver some time, and they put some symbols of flags or crescents or stars sometimes, and some people like a wide shahid or thin and long.
Beads/الخَرَزْ (Alkharaz)
The beads vary in shape, like corn shape/ذَرَوِيْ
Barrel/بِرْمِيِلْيِ (birmelli) or بَرَاَمِيِلْيِ (barramili) and shape vary also from box shape/صِنْدُوُقِيِ (sandooqi) to round/دائري (daeiri) and also there more than 10 shape or even more like pigeon egg/بِيْضْ الحَمَاَمْ (baith alhamam) and every shape had sub shapes too.
Commas/الفَوَاَصِلْ (Al fawasel) or they call it Interpretations /التَفَاَسِيِرْ (altfaser). These small beads are separate every 11 beads for 33 beads. For example, it's two usually no matter how many beads in your hand it has a special design or from silver sometimes, or you can see them by the shape only.
Materials/الخَاَمَةْ (Al khamah)
Usually, the famous stone is always Amber الكَهْرَمَاَنْ (Al Kahrman) and is the most valued one for age-effect reasons and change of colors when using these materials, and many of them are valued excluding some asian (less aged stones)
Also, Ivory العَاَجْ (Al a'aj) and later they forbade it after some news of the almost extinction of some animals and smugglers of that material.
Also, there are industrial materials and semi-industrial materials like backlit faturan and sandaluse. And all the materials are special in their own way: color patterns, clarity or impurities.
Also, the most respected job is for crafters.
And almost every muslim country has a famous crafter. They do it with simple tools and machinery, so the hand touch very special.
And they call them Master/الاُسْتَاَذْ or اُسْطَىَ (Üsta).
A misbaḥah is a tool that is used as an aid to performdhikr, including thenames of God in Islam, and afterregular prayer.[1] It is often made ofwooden orplastic beads, but also ofolive seeds,ivory,pearls, and semi-precious stones such ascarnelian,onyx, andamber.
A typical misbahah consists of three groups of beads, separated by two distinct beads (calledimāms) along with one larger piece (called theyad) to serve as the handle.[2] The exact number may vary, but they usually consist of 100 beads to assist in the glorification of God following prayers: 33Tasbeeh (subhāna-llāh ), 33Tahmeed (ʾal-ḥamdu li-llāh), and 34Takbeer (ʾAllāhu ʾakbar). Some suggest the variants with 99 beads also refer to the99 names of Allah. Smaller misbahas consist of 33 beads, in which case one cycles through them three times to complete 99. However, misbahas may also consist of 100 or 200-count beads to assist in thedhikr duties of certainSufi orders.
It is often carried by pilgrims,dervishes, and many ordinary Muslims of all groups, however some consider it heretical innovation (bid'ah) and only allow dhikrs to be counted on the fingers.[2] Many Shi'is use beads made from clay fromKarbala, sometimes colored red in memory of the martyredImam Husayn's blood or green in memory of his brotherHasan (who supposedly turned green from poisoning).[2]
Misbahahs are also used culturally toreduce stress or as an indication of status in society.
In the early Muslim era, prayers were counted on fingers or with pebbles.
According to the 17th-centuryShia cleric ʻAllāmahMuhammad Baqir Majlisi, after the 625CEBattle of Uḥud,Fāṭimah (the daughter ofMuhammad) would visit the Martyrs' graveyard every two or three days, and then made a misbaḥah ofḤamzah ibn ʻAbd al-Muṭṭalib's grave-soil. After that, people started making and usingmisbaḥahs.[citation needed]
Somehadiths state the benefit of using the fingers of the right hand to count tasbīḥ following regular prayers.[3]
The practice of using misbahahs most likely originated amongSufis and poor people.[2] Opposition to the practice is known from as late as the 15th century, whenal-Suyuti wrote anapologia for it.[2]
The Mesbaha ofFatima Al-Zahra, is recommended among Muslims, especiallyShiite (Shia) sect of Islam. The Tasbih of Zahra is as follows: Allahu Akbar is recited 34 times, Alhamdulillah is recited 33 times, and Subhan Allah is recited 33 times.Muhammad ibn Abdullah taught this dhikr to his daughter (Fatima Al-Zahra).[4]
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