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Mir (title)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Persian, Turk & Mughal title
Not to be confused withMir (surname).

Mir (Persian:مير,Kurdish:میر,romanizedMîr,Balochi:میر,romanized: Mīr) (which is derived from theArabic titleEmir 'elite, general, prince') is aPersian,Kurdish andBalochi[1] title with variable connotations.

Etymology

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The term Mir has its roots in the Arabic equivalentEmir, which means Prince or General.Emir is derived from the Arabic root a-m-r, "command". Its other variations are Miran (plural of Mir), Mirzadeh, and Mirza[2][failed verification]

Tribal Princes of the Persian Sunni Sayyids

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Mir is thePersian version of the title of tribal leaders ofSayyids, that are addressed in the arabic world asNaqib. Examples for Persian Miran (Plural of Mir) areMir Sayyid Ali Hamadani and the family of the Mir Sayyid Hasan bin Azimullah andHazrat Ishaan, that are today known as Dakik Family.[3][4]

Tribal Princes of the Kurdish Yazidis

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In theYazidi culture, the Mîr is the religious and also the administrative authority from the Qatani branch of the Sheikh caste. The former Mir wasTahseen Said Beg, whose sonHazim bin Tahsin Said and nephew Naif ben Dawood contest leadership.[5]

British Empire

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The title Mir is also used by various vassals of the British Empire[clarification needed], who are neitherSayyids norYezidi.

Examples

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In Muslimprincely states of British India, a few rulers were formally styledMir, notably in presentPakistan, where only two of the six have actually reached the level ofsalute state, becoming entitled to a gun salute and the attached form of addressHis Highness:

The following all remained non-salute states:

Mir was also used as an honor rank. (See:Mirza)

Compound titles

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Inthe subcontinent, since the Mughal period, various compounds were used inPersian including:[citation needed]

  • combined Indian princely styles, notably Sahibzada Mir
  • Mīr-tuzak ortǒzak: Marshal, in the sense of an officer who maintains order in a march or procession; master of the ceremonies
  • Mīr-dah orMīr-daha: Commander or superintendent of ten: decurion; aTithingman
  • Mīr-sāmān: Head steward
  • Mīr-shikār: Master of the hunt, chief huntsman; alsoGrand Falconer; hence bird-catcher, and (metaphorically) a pimp
  • Mīr-ě-ātash orMīr-ātish: Chief of the fireworks; also Commandant of artillery, Master of the ordnance
  • Mīr-ě-majlis, shortenedMīr-majlis: Master of the ceremonies or president, chairman of amajlis (assembly)
  • Mīr-mahalla: Headman of amahal(la), i.e. quarter (of a town)
  • Mīr-ě-manzil, shortenedMīr-manzil: Overseer of the halting-places; Quartermaster-general
  • Mīr-munshī: Chief secretary; Head (native) clerk of a (colonial) office.
  • Mir-Hashimi: leader in logar province of Afghanistan ( Mir Samim Hashimi)

In theHindu kingdom ofNepal:

  • Mir Munshi, from the ArabicAmir-i-Munshi, 'commander of the secretaries', is the Chief Secretary of the Foreign Office.
  • Mir Umrao, from the ArabicAmir ul-Umara, 'commander of commanders': a senior military officer ranking below aSardar and charged with the command of a fort and surrounding territories, the training and equipment of soldiers and the supply of material.

In theBaloch kingdom ofBalochistan:

In theOttoman Empire,Mir-i Miran was used as the Persian equivalent to the Turkish titleBeylerbey ("Bey of Beys"), alongside the Arabic equivalentAmir al-Umara ("Emir of Emirs").[6]

See also

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References

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  1. ^"BALUCHISTAN". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Retrieved29 January 2025.Mīr is a Baluchi title for leaders, Arabic amīr
  2. ^The Encyclopaedic DictionaryA New, Original and Exhaustive Work of Reference to All English Words, Their Origin, Development, Orthography, Pronunciation, Meaning and Legitimate Or Customary Use
  3. ^Sir Walter Roper Lawrence (2005). The Valley of Kashmir. Asian Educational Services. p. 292. ISBN 978-81-206-1630-1.
  4. ^Tariq Jameel Gillani in Zikr Jameeliyya: On the greatness of Sayyid Mir Jan Shah Saheb
  5. ^Kreyenbroek, Philip G. (1995).Yezidism-Its Background, Observances and Textual Tradition.Lewiston, New York:Edwin Mellen Press. p. 126.ISBN 0773490043.
  6. ^Zetterstéen (1986), p. 446

External links

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