 | |
| Type of business | Private |
|---|---|
Type of site | Social network |
| Headquarters | Glastonbury, Connecticut,US[1] |
| Key people |
|
| Industry | Internet |
| URL | minds |
| Registration | Required to post, follow, or be followed; anonymous registration allowed |
| Launched | June 2015 |
| Written in | PHP,TypeScript (Angular) |
Minds is anopen-source anddistributed social network. Users can earncryptocurrency for using Minds, andtokens can be used to boost their posts or crowdfund other users.[2][3] Minds has been described as more privacy-focused than mainstream social media networks.[4][5]
Writers inThe New York Times,Engadget, andVice have noted the volume offar-right users and content on the platform, following a trend across social media.[6][7][3] Minds describes itself as focused onfree speech, and minimallymoderates the content on its platform. Its founders have said that they do not removeextremist content from the site out of a desire toderadicalize those who post it through civil discourse.[3]
Minds was co-founded in 2011 by Bill Ottman and John Ottman as an alternative to social networks such as Facebook, which the founders believed abused their users via "spying, data mining, algorithm manipulation, and no revenue sharing".[8] Other cofounders were Mark Harding, Ian Crossland, and Jack Ottman. Minds launched to the public in June 2015.[9]
A Facebook page affiliated with thehacktivist groupAnonymous encouraged its followers to support Minds in 2015, and called for developers to contribute to the service's open source codebase.[9][4][10]
In 2018, over 150,000 Vietnamese users joined Minds after fearing that Facebook would comply with a new law requiring them to remove political dissent and release user data to the Vietnamese government.[3][11][5] Beginning in May 2020, over 250,000 Thai users joined Minds after growing concerns about privacy on Twitter, which had been widely used for political activism.[5][12] This led Minds to add Thai language support to its mobile apps, and upgrade its servers to handle the influx of traffic.[12]
In October 2019, United States PresidentDonald Trump invited Minds to a social media summit hosted at the White House.[13] In January 2021, afterYouTube andFacebook removed tens of thousands of Trump supporters and allegedwhite supremacists from their platforms in the wake of the2021 United States Capitol attack earlier that month, Minds was among the alternative apps those users adopted.[6]
In June 2020, Minds hosted "MINDS: Festival of Ideas" at the Beacon Theatre in New York City. Appearances includedTulsi Gabbard,Daryl Davis,Tim Pool, andCornel West.[14]
Minds is a website as well as adesktop andmobile app.[9] The platform awardsEthereum ERC20 cryptocurrency tokens to its users based on their engagement with the site, and users spend tokens to promote their content or to crowdfund other users through monthly subscriptions.[2][3] The tokens can also be bought and redeemed for standard currency.[3] Minds offers a monthlypremium subscription that gives users access to exclusive content, the ability to becomeverified, and the ability to remove boosted posts from their feed.[2]
Posts on Minds appear in reverse chronological order, unlike many mainstream platforms that use more complex and often secret ranking algorithms to determine which posts appear.[2][9][4]
Minds has been described as analt-tech platform, alongside other services includingParler,Gab,BitChute, andMeWe.[15]
Minds has been described as more privacy-focused than its competitors. All messages sent between users areend-to-end encrypted, meaning even those who work for the company can't read their contents.[4][5] Minds is also open source, so its codebase can be freely audited for vulnerabilities or other privacy concerns.[16] Users can optionally register anonymously.[16]
In 2015 an application security consultant posted to theFull Disclosure mailing list to say that the Minds client was acceptingencryption keys without any identity verification, and that Minds was using its ownweak cryptography protocol. Earlier the same week, a security company had released afull disclosure report claiming they had found that it was possible for them to delete any message, edit any user's profile, and upload arbitrary files to Minds. Mark Harding, Minds' CTO, denied the claims made on the mailing list. A security researcher at Johns Hopkins Information Security Institute agreed that the encryption used by Minds was weak, saying that although it wasn't necessarily exploitable, "I am not optimistic that they got it right". Bill Ottman, Minds' CEO, acknowledged the issues reported in the security company's full disclosure and said that the company had addressed them.[17]
In a 2018 interview withTechCrunch, founder and CEO Bill Ottman said that Mind's mission was "Internet freedom with privacy, transparency, free speech within the law and user control".[8] Minds'terms of service disallowsdoxing, inciting violence, postingterroristic content, and harassing other users directly.[2][3] Minds has been described as less rigorous about removing objectionable content than more mainstream social networks.[2][3] A 2018Wired article noted thathate speech was not disallowed, and reported that "The vast majority of content on Minds is innocuous, but posts do appear there that would constitute hate speech on other platforms".[2]
Following a February 2018 appearance by Ottman on theFox News showTucker Carlson Tonight,Media Matters for America described Minds as "full of bigotry" and described the site's content as racist,antisemitic, andmisogynist.[18] Also in 2018, a writer forEngadget wrote about his concerns with the site's commitment to protecting free speech: "It's not until you survey the most popular channels on the platform that you start wondering what sort of free speech and debate Minds is interested in protecting. The site's stars are largely the intellectual bantamweights of the far-right movement, and the debate seems very one-sided. If you're wondering where people withPepe the Frog avatars have migrated to, it's here. In fact, the general tenor of Minds is a combination of race hate, gun porn, 'pro-white erotica' and lots and lots of weed".[7]Vice criticized Minds in 2019 as a "haven" forneo-Nazis andfar-right groups and individuals.[3][13] In response to the 2019 allegations, the site banned several neo-Nazis and people belonging to other hate groups.[3]Nathaniel Popper wrote forThe New York Times in 2021 that Minds "became an online home to some of the right-wing personalities and neo-Nazis who were booted from mainstream social networks, along with fringe groups, in other countries, that have been targeted by their governments".[6]
In 2018, Minds had a small team that was responsible for policing content on the site, and was not usingartificial intelligence to try to detect content that violated the site's terms of service. In May 2019,Wired wrote that Minds' moderation team was "about five" people, and that the company was in the process of forming a "jury system" that would remove content based on votes from its users.[3] In August 2019, Ottman said to NPR that they had recently rolled out the jury system, which allows users who feel moderation of their content has been unfair to appeal to a randomly-selected twelve-person jury made up of other users.[19]
Ottman has said that he opposes removing hate speech and other objectionable content from Minds because he believes it can draw more attention to it, and that he opposesdeplatforming extremists because he believes it only serves to push people towards more "other darker corners of the internet". In a 2019 statement toVice, Minds executives expressed their belief that "free expression and transparency as the antidote to radicalization, violence, and extremism".[3]
Minds has partnered withDaryl Davis on a deradicalization project called "Change Minds". Davis is a BlackR&B musician who also engages with members of theKu Klux Klan to try to convince them to leave and disavow the group. Davis has said he hopes to use Minds to teach people how to engage civilly with one another even when they hold opposing views.[20][21]
Minds toldBusiness Insider it had experienced 60 million visits in 2015.[4] In 2018,Wired said that Minds had 1 million users in total, 110,000 of whom were active in a given month.[2] In May 2020, Minds reported having more than 2.5 million registered users and 300,000 monthly active users.[12]
According toThe Guardian, Minds is one of a group of alt-tech websites "whose light touch in content moderation is presented as a commitment to free speech", which has led conservatives to create accounts on the platform to use in the event of bans from more restrictive sites.[22] In January 2021, theNew York Times reported that YouTube and Facebook removed tens of thousands of Trump supporters and white supremacists from their platforms, and that Minds was among the alternative apps those users adopted.[6]
Minds has been funded throughventure capital andequity crowdfunding.[6] The company raised $350,000 in 2013. The service later raised $1 million via a Regulation CF equity crowdfunding campaign.[8] In October 2018, Minds raised $6 million inSeries A funding from Medici Ventures, anOverstock.com subsidiary.Patrick M. Byrne, founder and CEO of Overstock.com, joined Minds' board of directors.[16] He was later succeeded by Stanton Huntington, General Counsel at Medici Ventures.[23]
