American physicist and nanotechnologist (1930–2017)
Mildred Spiewak Dresselhaus [ 1] née Spiewak ; November 11, 1930 – February 20, 2017),[ 2] [ 3] physicist ,materials scientist , andnanotechnologist . She was aninstitute professor and professor of both physics and electrical engineering at theMassachusetts Institute of Technology .[ 4] American Physical Society , the chair of theAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science , as well as the director of science in the USDepartment of Energy under theBill Clinton Government.[ 4] Presidential Medal of Freedom , theNational Medal of Science , theEnrico Fermi Award , theKavli Prize and theVannevar Bush Award .
Early life and education [ edit ] Dresselhaus was born on November 11, 1930, inBrooklyn , New York City, the daughter of Ethel (Teichtheil) and Meyer Spiewak, who were Polish Jewish immigrants.[ 5] Great Depression so from a young age Dresselhaus helped provide income for the family by doing piecework assembly tasks at home and by working in a zipper factory during the summer.[ 6] [ 7] [ 7]
Dresselhaus credited New York's free museums, including theAmerican Museum of Natural History and theMetropolitan Museum of Art , with sparking her interest in science.[ 6] Greenwich House Music School which introduced her to a different world of musical, artistic and intellectual leanings.[ 7]
Dresselhaus was raised and attended grade school in theBronx . Her older brother informed her of the opportunity to apply toHunter College High School , where she excelled and gained practice as a teacher by tutoring fellow students.[ 6]
Experience at Hunter College [ edit ] Dresselhaus attendedHunter College in New York. Traditionally a women's college, during Dresselhaus's time as a student there, Hunter College's Bronx campus opened itself to a flood of maleG.I. Bill beneficiaries.[ 8]
The boys in the science classes were toward the bottom of the class... They always used to come to me for help.... That might be somewhat significant in my story, because Inever got the idea in college that science was a man's profession.[ 9]
While attending Hunter, one of her professors, and future Nobel-Prize-winnerRosalyn Yalow took interest in Dresselhaus and encouraged her to apply for graduate fellowships and pursue a career in physics. Dresselhaus graduated with her undergraduate degree in liberal arts in 1951.[ 2] [ 6]
She carried out postgraduate study at theUniversity of Cambridge on aFulbright Fellowship and received her MA fromRadcliffe College . She received a PhD from theUniversity of Chicago in 1958 where she studied under Nobel laureateEnrico Fermi .[ 10] Cornell University as a postdoc before moving toLincoln Lab as a staff member.
Dresselhaus had a 57-year career at theMassachusetts Institute of Technology .[ 11] institute professor at MIT. In 1994, Dresselhaus was one of 16 women faculty in the School of Science at MIT who drafted and co-signed a letter to the then-Dean of Science (now Chancellor of Berkeley) Robert Birgeneau, which started a campaign to highlight and challenge gender discrimination at MIT.[ 12] [ 13] [ 14] [ 15]
As the exotic compounds she studied became increasingly relevant to modern science and engineering, she was uniquely positioned to become a world-leading expert and write one of the standard textbooks.[ 16] Andre Geim andKonstantin Novoselov isolating and characterizing graphene, for which they were awarded the2010 Nobel Prize .[ 6]
Dresselhaus was awarded theNational Medal of Science in 1990 in recognition of her work on electronic properties of materials as well as expanding the opportunities of women in science and engineering.[ 17] [ 18] Heinz Award in the category of Technology, the Economy and Employment.[ 19] Oersted Medal . In 2012, she was co-recipient of theEnrico Fermi Award , along withBurton Richter ,[ 20] Kavli Prize [ 3] [ 21] Presidential Medal of Freedom [ 22] [ 23] IEEE Medal of Honor .
In 2000–2001, she was the director of the Office of Science at theU.S. Department of Energy . From 2003 to 2008, she was the chair of the governing board of theAmerican Institute of Physics . She also has served as president of theAmerican Physical Society (APS), the first female president of theAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science , and treasurer of theNational Academy of Sciences .
Her former students include such notable materials scientists asDeborah Chung ,[ 24] Nai-Chang Yeh andGreg Timp .
PresidentBarack Obama greets Dr. Mildred Dresselhaus, third from right, and Dr.Burton Richter , right, May 7, 2012. There are several physical theories named after Dresselhaus. TheHicks-Dresselhaus Model (L. D. Hicks and Dresselhaus)[ 25] Riichiro Saito ,Mitsutaka Fujita ,Gene Dresselhaus , and Mildred Dresselhaus)[ 26] Dresselhaus effect refers, however, to thespin–orbit interaction effect modeled byGene Dresselhaus , Mildred Dresselhaus's husband.
Dresselhaus devoted a great deal of time to supporting efforts to promote increased participation of women in physics. In 1971, Dresselhaus and a colleague organized the first Women's Forum at MIT as a seminar exploring the roles of women in science and engineering. In honor of her legacy, the APS created the Millie Dresselhaus Fund to support women in physics.[ 27] General Electric television advertisement which asked the question "What if female scientists were celebrities?" aimed to increase the number of women inSTEM roles in its ranks.[ 28]
In 2019, theInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Board of Directors created the IEEE Mildred Dresselhaus Medal, awarded annually "for outstanding technical contributions in science and engineering, of great impact to IEEE fields of interest."[ 29]
Oral history interview with Mildred Dresselhaus on the occasion of her winning the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honor bestowed by the U.S. government, in 2014 Contributions to scientific knowledge [ edit ] Dresselhaus was particularly noted for her work ongraphite , graphiteintercalation compounds,fullerenes ,carbon nanotubes , and low-dimensionalthermoelectrics . Her group made frequent use of electronic band structure,Raman scattering and thephotophysics of carbon nanostructures .[ 11] smartphones .[ 11]
With the appearance of lasers in the 1960s, Dresselhaus started to use lasers for magneto-optics experiments, which later led to the creation of a new model for the electronic structure of graphite.[ 30] [ 31]
Her first husband was physicistFrederick Reif .[ 32] Gene Dresselhaus who became a well known theoretician and discoverer of theDresselhaus effect .[ 33] [ 11]
Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science from theETH Zurich , 2015[ 34] IEEE Medal of Honor , 2015 (first female recipient)National Inventors Hall of Fame induction 2014[ 35] Presidential Medal of Freedom , 2014[ 36] Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong, 2013[ 37] Von Hippel Award ,Materials Research Society , 2013[ 38] Kavli Prize in Nanoscience, 2012Enrico Fermi Award (second female recipient), 2012Vannevar Bush Award (second female recipient), 2009ACS Award for Encouraging Women into Careers in the Chemical Sciences , 2009Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize , American Physical Society, 2008Oersted Medal , 2007L'Oréal-UNESCO Awards for Women in Science , 2007Heinz Award for Technology, the Economy and Employment, 2005IEEE Founders Medal Recipients, 2004Karl Taylor Compton Medal for Leadership in Physics, American Institute of Physics, 2001Medal of Achievement in Carbon Science and Technology, American Carbon Society, 2001 Honorary member of theIoffe Institute , Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia, 2000 National Materials Advancement Award of the Federation of Materials Societies, 2000 Honorary doctorate from theCatholic University of Leuven , Belgium, February 2000 Nicholson Medal,American Physical Society , March 2000[ 39] Weizmann Institute 's Millennial Lifetime Achievement Award, June 2000SGL Carbon Award, American Carbon Society, 1997 Member of theAmerican Philosophical Society , 1995[ 40] Honorary Doctorate of Science,Princeton University , 1992[ 41] National Medal of Science , 1990Member of theNational Academy of Sciences (U.S.), 1985[ 42] Member of theAmerican Academy of Arts and Sciences , 1974[ 43] Society of Women Engineers Achievement Award, 1977Fellow,Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters [ 44] Selected publications [ edit ] Steinbeck, J.; Braunstein, G.; Speck, J.; Dresselhaus, M. S.; Huang, C. Y.; Malvezzi, A. M.; Bloembergen, N. (1986)."Analysis of Picosecond Pulsed Laser Melted Graphite" .MRS Proceedings .74 263. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.doi :10.1557/proc-74-263 .ISSN 0272-9172 .OSTI 6973903 . di Vittorio, S.L.; Dresselhaus, M.S.; Endo, M.; Issi, J-P.; Piraux, L. (July 1, 1990). The transport properties of activated carbon fibers (Report). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI).doi :10.2172/6882792 . Kuriyama, K.; Dresselhaus, M.S. (1991)."Photoconductivity of activated carbon fibers" .Journal of Materials Research .6 (5). Springer Science and Business Media LLC:1040– 1047.Bibcode :1991JMatR...6.1040K .doi :10.1557/jmr.1991.1040 ISSN 0884-2914 .S2CID 94864974 . Farmer, J.C.; Barbee, T.W. Jr.; Chapline, G.C. Jr.; Olsen, M.L.; Foreman, R.J.; Summers, L.J.; Dresselhaus, M.S.; Hicks, L.D. (January 20, 1995). Synthesis and evaluation of single layer, bilayer, and multilayer thermoelectric thin films (Report). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI).doi :10.2172/93595 M. S. Dresselhaus & P. C. Eklund (2000)."Phonons in carbon nanotubes" (PDF) .Advances in Physics 49 (6): 705.Bibcode :2000AdPhy..49..705D .CiteSeerX 10.1.1.170.631 doi :10.1080/000187300413184 .S2CID 122447852 . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 9, 2007. Dresselhaus, M.S.; Samsonidze, Ge.G.; Chou, S.G.; Dresselhaus, G.; Jiang, J.; Saito, R.; Jorio, A. (2005). "Recent advances in carbon nanotube photophysics".Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures .29 (3– 4):443– 446.Bibcode :2005PhyE...29..443D .doi :10.1016/j.physe.2005.06.007 . M. S. Dresselhaus & G. Dresselhaus (2002)."Intercalation Compounds of Graphite" (PDF) .Advances in Physics 51 (1): 1.Bibcode :2002AdPhy..51....1D .CiteSeerX 10.1.1.170.2655 doi :10.1080/00018730110113644 .S2CID 123597602 . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 9, 2007. M. S. Dresselhaus (2004)."Big Opportunities for Small Objects" .Materials Today 5 (11): 48.doi :10.1016/S1369-7021(02)01164-1 M. S. Dresselhaus, G. Dresselhaus and A. Jorio (2004)."Unusual Properties and Structures of Carbon Nanotubes" (PDF) .Annual Review of Materials Research 34 (1): 247.Bibcode :2004AnRMS..34..247D .doi :10.1146/annurev.matsci.34.040203.114607 . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 11, 2006. M. S. Dresselhaus; G. Dresselhaus; R. Saito; A. Jorio (2005)."Raman Spectroscopy of Carbon Nanotubes" (PDF) .Physics Reports 409 (2): 47.Bibcode :2005PhR...409...47D .doi :10.1016/j.physrep.2004.10.006 . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 9, 2007. M. S. Dresselhaus & H. Dai (2004)."Carbon Nanotubes: Continued Innovations and Challenges" .MRS Bulletin 29 (4): 237.doi :10.1557/mrs2004.74 J. Heremans & M. S. Dresselhaus (2005)."Low Dimensional Thermoelectricity" (PDF) .CRC Handbook - Molecular and Nano-electronics: Concepts, Challenges, and Designs .108 (4): 609.Bibcode :2005AcPPA.108..609H .doi :10.12693/APhysPolA.108.609 . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 9, 2007. M. S. Dresselhaus, R. Saito and A. Jorio (2004)."Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes" (PDF) .Proceedings of ICPS-27 . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 9, 2007. S. G. Chou; F. Plentz-Filho; J. Jiang; R. Saito; D. Nezich; H. B. Ribeiro; A. Jorio; M. A. Pimenta; G. Samsonidze; A. P. Santos; M. Zheng; G. B. Onoa; E. D. Semke; G. Dresselhaus; M. S. Dresselhaus (2005). "Photo-excited Electron Relaxation Process Observed in Photoluminescence Spectroscopy of DNA-wrapped Carbon Nanotube".Physical Review Letters 94 (12) 127402.Bibcode :2005PhRvL..94l7402C .doi :10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.127402 .PMID 15903960 . M. S. Dresselhaus (2004). "Nanotubes: a step in synthesis".Nature Materials 3 (10):665– 6.Bibcode :2004NatMa...3..665D .doi :10.1038/nmat1232 .PMID 15467687 .S2CID 29431916 . M. S. Dresselhaus (2004)."Applied Physics: Nanotube Antennas" .Nature Materials 432 (7020):959– 60.Bibcode :2004Natur.432..959D .doi :10.1038/432959a PMID 15616541 .S2CID 37208770 . S. B. Fagan; A. G. Souza-Filho; J. Mendes-Filho; P. Corio; M. S. Dresselhaus (2005)."Electronic Properties of Ag- and CrO3-filled Single-wall Carbon Nanotubes" (PDF) .Chemical Physics Letters 406 (1– 3): 54.Bibcode :2005CPL...406...54F .doi :10.1016/j.cplett.2005.02.091 . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 9, 2007. Y. A. Kim; H. Muramatsu; T. Hayashi; M. Endo; M. Terrones; M. S. Dresselhaus (2004)."Thermal Stability and Structural Changes of Double-walled Carbon Nanotubes by Heat Treatment" (PDF) .Chemical Physics Letters 398 (1– 3): 87.Bibcode :2004CPL...398...87K .doi :10.1016/j.cplett.2004.09.024 . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 9, 2007. G. Samsonidze; R. Saito; N. Kobayashi; A. Gruneis; J. Jiang; A. Jorio; S. G. Chou; G. Dresselhaus; M. S. Dresselhaus (2004)."Family Behavior of the Optical Transition Energies in Single-wall Carbon Nanotubes of Smaller Diameters" (PDF) .Applied Physics Letters 85 (23): 5703.Bibcode :2004ApPhL..85.5703S .doi :10.1063/1.1829160 . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 11, 2006. S. G. Chou; H. B. Ribeiro; E. Barros; A. P. Santos; D. Nezich; G. Samsonidze; C. Fantini; M. A. Pimenta; A. Jorio; F. Pletz-Filho; M. S. Dresselhaus; G. Dresselhaus; R. Saito; M. Zheng; G. B. Onoa; E. D. Semke; A. K. Swan; B. B. Goldberg; M. S. Unlu (2004)."Optical Characterization of DNA-wrapped Carbon Nanotube Hybrids" (PDF) .Chemical Physics Letters 397 (4– 6): 296.Bibcode :2004CPL...397..296C .doi :10.1016/j.cplett.2004.08.117 . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 11, 2006. E. I. Rogacheva; O. N. Nashchekina; A. V. Meriuts; S. G. Lyubchenko; O. Vekhov; M. S. Dresselhaus; G. Dresselhaus (2005). "Quantum Size Effects in PbTe/SnTe/PbTe Heterostructures".Applied Physics Letters 86 (6): 063103.Bibcode :2005ApPhL..86f3103R .doi :10.1063/1.1862338 . H. Son; Y. Hori; S. G. Chou; D. Nezich; G. Samsonidze; E. Barros; G. Dresselhaus; M. S. Dresselhaus (2004)."Environment Effects on the Raman Spectra of Individual Single-wall Carbon Nanotubes: Suspended and Grown on Polycrystalline Silicon" (PDF) .Applied Physics Letters 85 (20): 4744.Bibcode :2004ApPhL..85.4744S .doi :10.1063/1.1818739 . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 9, 2007. C. Fantini; A. Jorio; M. Souza; A. J. Mai Jr.; M. S. Strano; M. A. Pimenta; M. S. Dresselhaus (2004)."Optical Transition Energies and Radial Breathing Modes for HiPco Carbon Nanotubes from Raman Spectroscopy" (PDF) .Physical Review Letters 93 (14) 147406.Bibcode :2004PhRvL..93n7406F .doi :10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.147406 .PMID 15524844 . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 9, 2007. S. B. Cronin; A. K. Swan; M. S. Unlu; B. B. Goldberg; M. S. Dresselhaus; M. Tinkham (2004)."Measuring Uniaxial Strain in Individual Single-wall Carbon Nanotubes: Resonance Raman Spectra of AFM Modified SWNTs" (PDF) .Physical Review Letters 93 (16) 167401.Bibcode :2004PhRvL..93p7401C .doi :10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.167401 .PMID 15525030 . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 11, 2006. Busch-Vishniac, Ilene; Busch, Lauren; Tietjen, Jill (2024). "Chapter 46. Mildred Dresselhaus".Women in the National Inventors Hall of Fame: The First 50 Years . Springer Nature.ISBN 978-3-031-75525-5 Weinstock, Maia (2023).Carbon Queen: The Remarkable Life of Nanoscience Pioneer Mildred Dresselhaus . MIT Press.ISBN 978-0-262-54597-6 ^ Mildred Dresselhaus was elected in 1974National Academy of Engineering inElectronics, Communication & Information Systems Engineering and Materials Engineering for contributions to the experimental studies ofmetals andsemimetals , and to education.^a b MIT News Office (February 21, 2017)."Institute Professor Emerita Mildred Dresselhaus, a pioneer in the electronic properties of materials, dies at 86" .MIT News . RetrievedFebruary 21, 2017 . ^a b Queen of Carbon Science ,U.S. News & World Report . By Marlene Cimons, National Science Foundation. July 27, 2012. Retrieved August 14, 2012.^a b Natalie Angier (July 2, 2012)."Carbon Catalyst for Half a Century" .New York Times . RetrievedJuly 3, 2012 .^ Who's who in Frontier Science and Technology ISBN 978-0-8379-5701-2 ^a b c d e Martin, Joseph D. (October 2019)."Mildred Dresselhaus and Solid State Pedagogy at MIT" .Annalen der Physik .531 (10) 1900274.Bibcode :2019AnP...53100274M .doi :10.1002/andp.201900274 .ISSN 0003-3804 .S2CID 202945998 . ^a b c Weinstock, Maia (2022).Carbon Queen: The Remarkable Life of Nanoscience Pioneer Mildred Dresselhaus . The MIT Press.ISBN 978-0-262-04643-5 ^ "History of Lehman College" .lehman.smartcatalogiq.com . Archived fromthe original on October 14, 2020. RetrievedOctober 13, 2020 .^ M. S. Dresselhaus, interview with S. Sherkow, 7 and 15 June, 11 and 19 August, 13, 20, 22, 24, and 30 September, and 15 October 1976. MIT Archives and Special Collections, Cambridge, MA, USA 18. ^ Hagerty, James R. (March 4, 2017)."Millie Dresselhaus Burst Out of the 1940s Mold for Smart Young Women" .Wall Street Journal .ISSN 0099-9660 . RetrievedMay 3, 2019 . ^a b c d "Mildred Dresselhaus: Physicist Burst out of 1940s Mold for Smart Women" .Wall Street Journal . March 4, 2017. p. A9. RetrievedMarch 5, 2017 .[permanent dead link ^ Zernike, Kate (2023).The Exceptions: Nancy Hopkins, MIT, and the Fight for Women in Science . New York, NY: Scribner.ISBN 978-1-9821-3183-8 ^ "80th Birthday Celebration for Mildred Dresselhaus" .web.mit.edu . RetrievedApril 18, 2015 .[permanent dead link ^ "SENATE CONFIRMS DRESSELHAUS AS DIRECTOR OF DOE OFFICE OF SCIENCE" . U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. July 27, 2000. RetrievedApril 18, 2015 .^ "NSF and NSB Pay Tribute to Three Top American Scientists and Public Service Awardees at Annual Ceremony" . US National Science Foundation (NSF). RetrievedApril 18, 2015 .^ Dresselhaus, M. S. (1996).Science of fullerenes and carbon nanotubes . Dresselhaus, G.,, Eklund, P. C. San Diego: Academic Press.ISBN 978-0-12-221820-0 OCLC 162571937 . ^ "Dresselhaus Wins Medal of Science" (Press release).MIT News Office. November 14, 1990. Archived fromthe original on May 2, 2005. RetrievedMay 30, 2007 .^ "National Science Foundation - The President's National Medal of Science" . RetrievedNovember 24, 2014 .^ "The Heinz Awards :: Mildred Dresselhaus" .heinzawards.net . RetrievedDecember 14, 2021 .^ "President Obama Names Scientists Mildred Dresselhaus and Burton Richter as the Enrico Fermi Award Winners" .Energy.gov . RetrievedDecember 14, 2021 .^ 2012 Kavli Prizes/Mildred S. Dresselhaus/2012 Nanoscience Citation Archived October 6, 2019, at theWayback Machine , Kavli Foundation. Retrieved August 14, 2012.^ "Obama awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to 18" .San Francisco Chronicle . RetrievedNovember 24, 2014 .^ "Search for Famous Inventors | National Inventors Hall of Fame" .www.invent.org . RetrievedDecember 14, 2021 .^ Chung, D. D. L. (March 15, 2017)."Mildred S. Dresselhaus (1930–2017)" .Nature .543 (7645): 316.Bibcode :2017Natur.543..316C .doi :10.1038/543316a PMID 28300109 . ^ Hicks, L. D.; Dresselhaus, M. S. (1993). "Effect of quantum-well structures on the thermoelectric figure of merit".Physical Review B .47 (19):12727– 12731.Bibcode :1993PhRvB..4712727H .doi :10.1103/PhysRevB.47.12727 .PMID 10005469 . ^ Saito, Riichiro; Fujita, Mitsutaka; Dresselhaus, G.; Dresselhaus, M. S. (July 15, 1992). "Electronic structure of graphene tubules based onC60".Physical Review B .46 (3). American Physical Society (APS):1804– 1811.Bibcode :1992PhRvB..46.1804S .doi :10.1103/physrevb.46.1804 .ISSN 0163-1829 .PMID 10003828 . ^ "Millie Dresselhaus Fund for Science & Society" .www.aps.org . RetrievedAugust 13, 2020 .^ Weil, Martin (February 22, 2017)."Mildred Dresselhaus, physicist dubbed 'queen of carbon science,' dies at 86" . RetrievedMarch 4, 2017 . ^ "IEEE Mildred Dresselhaus Medal" .IEEE the original on December 26, 2019. RetrievedOctober 13, 2020 .^ "PhysicsCentral" .www.physicscentral.com . RetrievedAugust 13, 2020 .^ "Mildred Dresselhaus: 1930-2017" .www.aps.org . RetrievedAugust 13, 2020 .^ Lehrer, Erica (August 21, 2019)."Frederick Reif" Physics Today .doi :10.1063/pt.6.4o.20190821a .S2CID 240784423 . RetrievedJune 17, 2022 . ^ Halpern, Jane (November 9, 2021)."Gene Dresselhaus, influential research scientist in solid-state physics, dies at 91" .MIT News . Massachusetts Institute of Technology. ^ "Doing the right things" .ETH Zurich . November 21, 2015. RetrievedNovember 23, 2015 .^ "Spotlight | National Inventors Hall of Fame" . Invent.org. November 21, 2013. Archived fromthe original on August 14, 2016. RetrievedMay 29, 2016 .^ "President Obama Announces the Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients" .whitehouse.gov . RetrievedNovember 11, 2014 – viaNational Archives .^ "PolyU to honour five distinguished personalities at 19th Congregation" .The Hong Kong Polytechnic University . September 23, 2013. RetrievedMarch 24, 2015 .^ "MIT" . RetrievedDecember 14, 2021 .^ "1999 Dwight Nicholson Medal for Outreach Recipient" .American Physical Society .^ "APS Member History" .search.amphilsoc.org . RetrievedDecember 20, 2021 .^ "Past Honorary Degree Recipients" .Office of the President . RetrievedMay 16, 2024 .^ "Mildred S. Dresselhaus" .www.nasonline.org . RetrievedDecember 20, 2021 .^ "Mildred S. Dresselhaus" .American Academy of Arts & Sciences . RetrievedDecember 20, 2021 .^ "Group 2: Astronomy, Physics and Geophysics" .Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters . Archived fromthe original on December 22, 2017. RetrievedDecember 22, 2017 .Freeview video interview with Mildred Dresslhaus by the Vega Science Trust Millie Dresselhaus Fund Homepage "Mildred Dresselhaus: 1930-2017" .American Physical Society . RetrievedMarch 25, 2017 .Archive of Dresselhaus's MIT page Schatz, George C.;Scholes, Greg D. ; Stang, Peter J.; Burrows, Cindy J.; Winnick, Francoise M.; Alivisatos, A. Paul; Lieber, Charles M.; Weiss, Paul S.; Buriak, Jillian M. (June 27, 2017)."Virtual Issue Celebrating the Life and Career of Mildred Dresselhaus" .Chemistry of Materials 29 (12):5017– 5018.doi :10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b02398 ISSN 0897-4756 . Mildred Dresselhaus Archived December 1, 2017, at theWayback Machine Video produced byMakers: Women Who Make America
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Awards and honors for Mildred Dresselhaus
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Astrophysics Maarten Schmidt ,Donald Lynden-Bell (2008)Jerry E. Nelson ,Raymond N. Wilson ,Roger Angel (2010)David C. Jewitt ,Jane Luu ,Michael E. Brown (2012)Alan Guth ,Andrei Linde ,Alexei Starobinsky (2014)Ronald Drever ,Kip Thorne ,Rainer Weiss (2016)Ewine van Dishoeck (2018)Andrew Fabian (2020)Roger Ulrich,Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard ,Conny Aerts (2022) Sara Seager ,David Charbonneau (2024)Nanoscience Louis E. Brus ,Sumio Iijima (2008)Donald Eigler ,Nadrian Seeman (2010)Mildred Dresselhaus (2012)Thomas Ebbesen ,Stefan Hell ,John Pendry (2014)Gerd Binnig ,Christoph Gerber ,Calvin Quate (2016)Emmanuelle Charpentier ,Jennifer Doudna ,Virginijus Šikšnys (2018)Harald Rose ,Maximilian Haider ,Knut Urban ,Ondrej Krivanek (2020)Jacob Sagiv,Ralph G. Nuzzo , David L. Allara,George M. Whitesides (2022) Robert S. Langer ,Armand Paul Alivisatos ,Chad A. Mirkin (2024)Neuroscience Sten Grillner ,Thomas Jessell ,Pasko Rakic (2008)Richard Scheller ,Thomas C. Südhof ,James Rothman (2010)Cornelia Bargmann ,Winfried Denk ,Ann Graybiel (2012)Brenda Milner ,John O'Keefe ,Marcus Raichle (2014)Eve Marder ,Michael Merzenich ,Carla J. Shatz (2016)A. James Hudspeth ,Robert Fettiplace ,Christine Petit (2018)David Julius ,Ardem Patapoutian (2020)Jean-Louis Mandel , Harry T. Orr,Christopher A. Walsh ,Huda Zoghbi (2022)Nancy Kanwisher , Winrich Freiwald,Doris Ying Tsao (2024)
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