| Miji | |
|---|---|
| Sajolang | |
| Dhammai | |
| Native to | India |
| Region | Arunachal Pradesh,India andShannan Prefecture,China |
| Ethnicity | Miji people |
Native speakers | 28,000 (2007)[1] |
possiblySino-Tibetan? | |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | sjl |
| Glottolog | saja1240 |
| ELP | Sajalong |
Miji, also given the dialect namesSajolang andDhammai, is a dialect cluster traditionally counted as one of theSino-Tibetan languages that is spoken inArunachal Pradesh, northeastern India. The varieties are not particularly close, with only half of the vocabulary in common between the languages ofEast Kameng District andWest Kameng District. Previously classified as Sino-Tibetan languages, Miji and the recently discoveredBangru language may instead form a small independent language family.[2]
There are two divergent varieties of Miji:[2]
Bangru (treated in a separate article), sometimes called "Northern Miji", is more divergent.
According toEthnologue, Miji is spoken in the following areas ofArunachal Pradesh.
I.M. Simon (1979:iii)[5] lists the following Miji villages from the Census of 1971.
Smaller hamlets include Dishin [Dícin], Devrik [Dívih], Diyung [Diyong], Nazang [Natsang], Nanthalang, and Otung [Uthung]. Some Mijis have also live in Aka villages such as Dijungania, Buragaon, Tulu, Sarkingonia, and Yayung.
In all Miji varieties the "p" "t" and "k" sounds are always aspirated.[4][6]
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palato- alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ | ||||
| Plosive | voiceless | pʰ | tʰ | ʈʰ | kʰ | ʔ | |||
| voiced | b | d | ɖ | ɡ | |||||
| Affricate | voiceless | ts | tʃ | tɕ | |||||
| voiced | dz | dʒ | |||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | θ | s | ʃ | ʂ | x | h | |
| voiced | v | ð | z | ʒ | ʐ | ʑ | ɦ | ||
| Lateral fricative | voiceless | ɬ | |||||||
| voiced | ɮ | ||||||||
| Rhotic | r | ɽ | |||||||
| Approximant | ʋ | l,ɫ | ɭ | j | w | ||||
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ə~ɨ | u |
| Close-mid | e | o | |
| Open-mid | ɛ | ʌ •ɔ | |
| Open | a~ɑ | ||
The Miji languages have a relatively simple tonal system with only two tones: high and low. There is a third rising tone but it is so scarcely used that in some of the languages it is disregarded completely.[4]