Mihashira Torii orMitsubashira Torii (三柱鳥居,Three-pillar Torii; also 三角鳥居sankaku torii) are a type oftorii gate found inShinto architecture. Like its name implies, it is a triangular structure that appears to be formed from three individualtorii. It is thought by some to have been built by early JapaneseChristians to represent theHoly Trinity.[1]
While the origins of themihashira torii cannot be directly proven, it is sometimes thought to be linked to earlyChristianity in Japan.
The primary historical example of amihashira torii is found in the records ofKonoshima Shrine inKyoto. These records states that a triangulartorii was rebuilt in 1716–1736, after a fire. The text hints at a reference to Christianity in the construction of thetorii, and says that the three pillars represent the heavens, the earth, and mankind. This is not an interpretation common inShinto beliefs. The shrine record also holds that thetorii symbolizesfaith,hope, andcharity. The Konoshimatorii stands in a pond with a pile of stones in the middle of the structure, supposedly the seat of aGod.[1][2]
A private garden in Kyoto also exhibits amihashira torii, built in astream. The Christian owners of the estate claim to be descended from a family of Christians who practiced their religion in secret during a time when Christianity was strictly regulated in Japan. According to them, this type oftorii was used as a symbol for underground Christians, and that it represented theHoly Trinity.[1]
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