| Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil | |
|---|---|
 Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Clint Eastwood |
| Screenplay by | John Lee Hancock |
| Based on | Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil byJohn Berendt |
| Produced by | Clint Eastwood |
| Starring | |
| Cinematography | Jack N. Green |
| Edited by | Joel Cox |
| Music by | Lennie Niehaus |
Production companies | |
| Distributed by | Warner Bros. |
Release date |
|
Running time | 155 minutes[1] |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |
| Budget | $30 million[2] |
| Box office | $25.1 million[3] |
Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil is a 1997 Americancrime drama film directed and produced byClint Eastwood and starringJohn Cusack andKevin Spacey. The screenplay byJohn Lee Hancock was based onJohn Berendt's 1994book of the same name and follows the story of antiques dealerJim Williams, who was on trial for the killing of a male prostitute who was his lover. The multiple trials depicted in Berendt's book are combined into one trial for the film. John Kelso is introduced as the personification of Berendt.
Theon-location scenes were shot inSavannah, Georgia. Several real-life locals appear in the movie, notably in the Christmas party scene atMercer House,[4] including Williams's sister, Dorothy Kingery, and nieces Susan and Amanda,[5] as well as Georgia senator John R. "Jack" Riley (his wife was played by Mary Alice Hendrix).[4] Filming was permitted inside Mercer House, but action scenes and those in the courtroom were filmed later on a soundstage at Warner Bros.[2][6]
Three people—The Lady Chablis,Emma Kelly and Jerry Spence—play themselves, whileSonny Seiler, one of Williams's lawyers in the book, plays Judge Samuel L. White.Danny Hansford, the shooting victim in the book, is renamed Billy Hanson in the film and is portrayed by a 24-year-oldJude Law, in one of his early film roles.Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil was released byWarner Bros. on November 21, 1997. The film received mixed reviews from critics and was a box office bomb, grossing $25.1 million against a $30 million budget.
The panoramic tale ofSavannah's eccentricities focuses on a deadly shooting and the subsequent trial ofJim Williams, aself-made man, art collector, antiques dealer, bon vivant, and semi-closeted homosexual. John Kelso, a magazine reporter from New York with one book—Before the Fall—to his name, flies to Savannah, amid beautiful architecture and odd doings, to write a feature forTown & Country on one of Williams's acclaimed Christmas parties. Williams's parties, held at hisMercer House home, were the highlight of many people's social calendars.[7][8] Williams had an "in" box and an "out" box for his invitations, depending on whether or not the person was in Williams's favor at the time.[9]
En route to Savannah'sJones Street, via a tour of the city's tourist hotspots, Kelso alights atForsyth Park. Making his way tohis lodging inMonterey Square, he has a brief interaction with Billy Hanson in front of Mercer House. Kelso does not know who Hanson is, or that Mercer House is Williams's home.
Awoken byMandy Nicholls, who is looking for some ice to take back to her partnerJoe Odom's party, Kelso accompanies her back to the festivities. There, he meets hairdresser Jerry Spence and Odom, who is playing the piano.
Kelso is guest of honor at the Williams's party. During the course of the evening, Kelso meetsEmma Kelly, named the "Lady of 6,000 Songs" by Savannah's ownJohnny Mercer,[10] Harry Cram, the former silent-film actressSerena Dawes and Williams's mother, Blanche. Williams shows Kelso his organ in the upstairs ballroom. It is there that Billy Hanson appears, having let himself in the servants' entrance. Hanson demands some money from Williams so that he can "get fucked up." Williams refuses, saying Hanson "gets paid on Friday like everyone else." Hanson responds by smashing a bottle and threatening both Williams and Kelso with it, before storming out. After explaining Hanson's situation to Kelso, Williams sits down and plays "Jeepers Creepers" on the organ, demonstrating that he uses it to drown out the sound of his neighbour Lorne Atwell's dog.
After the guests have left, Williams and Kelso wind down with a brandy in the Mercer House library, where Kelso discovers his book in Williams's bookcase. Kelso leaves shortly thereafter, stating he has an early flight home.
Kelso is again awoken, this time by the sound of sirens. He ventures out into Monterey Square to find out what is going on. It transpires thatHanson was shot dead by Williams in the Mercer House study after an argument between the two. Kelso lets himself, and Williams's cat, Sheldon,[11] through the back door into what should have been a secured environment. Williams is being questioned by police in the drawing room.Sonny Seiler arrives a few seconds later and tries to defuse the situation.
Kelso stays on to cover the murder trial for a new book, with the blessing of Williams. Along the way, he meets some characters: the irrepressibleThe Lady Chablis, atransgender entertainer; Luther Driggers, a man who keeps flies attached to strings on hislapels and threatens daily to poison the water supply; the members of theMarried Woman's Card Club; and Minerva, a spiritualist androot doctor, based on real-lifeValerie Boles.[12]
Between becoming Williams's friend, a love interest of Mandy (whom he discovers is atorch singer), meeting every eccentric in Savannah, participating in Minerva's midnight graveyard rituals, and helping solve the mysteries surrounding Hanson's death, Kelso has his hands full. Kelso discovers that the bagging of Hanson's hands was performed by a nurse atCandler Hospital, when it should have been done at the crime scene instead. When Williams becomes confident he can win his case on a matter of flawed police procedure, he falsely testifies to killing Hanson with return fire in self-defense. This disappoints Kelso, to whom Williams has confessed he executed Hanson in retaliation for attempting to shoot him with the gun'ssafety catch on. The judge and jury later find Williams not guilty.
As Kelso is leaving town, when saying goodbye to Williams in the Mercer House study, he asks one last question for the book: Does he want to tell him what really happened? Williams replies, "Truth, like art, is in the eye of the beholder. You believe what you choose, and I'll believe what I know." He watches from the window as Kelso walks away. Minutes later, Williams is stricken by a heart attack and falls face down on the carpet. His heartbeat slows. He imagines Hanson lying alongside him, as he was in death. Their eyes meet, Hanson raises his head, smiles, then resumes his position, lifeless. The heartbeat has stopped. An overhead shot shows the two dead men lying like mirror images, then Hanson fades away. After the funeral, Minerva tells Kelso he knows all he needs to know and warns him not to waste too much time on the dead. “I love you, boy, but I ain’t the only one. You know that, don't you?” Later, Kelso signs a six-month lease on an apartment. To celebrate, he, Mandy and Lady Chablis, who is walking Uga, stroll off together for a picnic. Minerva, who is feeding Flavis, a squirrel, in the park, laughs as they pass. Cut to the cemetery and shots of the two graves. The credits roll over film of theBird Girl statue inBonaventure Cemetery,[13] withk.d. lang singing "Skylark", as she does in the movie's opening.
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Clint Eastwood permitted The Lady Chablis to ad-lib some of her lines, but had to rein her in on occasion.[6][14] He gave her the nickname the "one-take wonder".[15] "We kind of hit the script in a roundabout way," confirmed John Cusack.[16] "[During filming] they put me up at theHoliday Inn," explained Chablis in 2011. "So I told Clint: 'Y'all forgot. I am the Doll. I do not stay at the Holiday Inn.' There was not enough room there for my luggage. And Clint apologized. He said, 'I can't believe they did that to you, Doll.' He was so wonderful."[17]
Gary Anthony Williams played thetour-bus driver at the beginning of the movie.[18] He did more than just load the tourists' bags into the bus, however: "They hired me for the job, and for some reason they thought I could a drive a bigdouble-decker bus that was from England," Williams explained in 2021. "With the steering wheel and gas and clutch on the opposite side, I thought I was going to kill a bunch ofbackground actors that day. But Clint Eastwood was so cool. He put me at ease."[citation needed]
"[My character] is based loosely onJohn [Berendt]," Cusack said in 1997. "John is a very funny, curious, mischievous, smart guy, so I was definitely able to pull those qualities that John actually has and put them into the John Kelso character."[19]
Flavis, the squirrel Minerva talks to on the Forsyth Park bench at the beginning of the movie, was a trained animal.[4]
Several changes were made in adapting the film from the book. Many unused characters were eliminated or combined into remaining ones. John Berendt states at the end of his book: "All the characters in this book are real, but it bears mentioning that I have used pseudonyms for a number of them in order to protect their privacy." To create further distance, several character names in the movie are different than in the book.
The multiple trials were combined into one on-screen trial. Williams's real life attorney, Sonny Seiler, played Samuel L. White, the presiding judge of the trial. Seiler was originally cast as a juror, but Eastwood persuaded him to take on the role of the judge. Eastwood visited Savannah with production designerHenry Bumstead.[14] Seiler explained: "I said, 'I'm not an actor,' and Clint said, 'Of course you are. All lawyers are actors, and you are one of the best. If you do this for me, I won't have to hire a dialect coach.'"[23] Seiler's daughter, Bess Thompson, appears in the movie as the "pretty girl"[24] inForsyth Park who asks if she can have her picture taken with Uga.[25]
Advertising for the film became a source of controversy whenWarner Bros. used elements ofJack Leigh's famous photograph in the posters without permission, infringing copyright law.[26]
While entertaining the role of being the film's director, Clint Eastwood visitedSavannah, Georgia, where the majority of the film was shot, in 1996. "I didn't get to know too many people at that time — mostly places — but I did meet some people who knew about the Jim Williams episode. And I met the attorney, Sonny Seiler, who was very, very helpful in making everyone understand what the attitude and atmosphere was in Savannah in the 1980s," he said.[27]Principal photography began in the spring of 1997.[28]
Kevin Spacey also visited Savannah before filming began. He wanted to learn the accent by listening to the locals.[6]
"[John Berendt and I] spoke a lot about the novel and he took us on a tour of Savannah — The John Berendt Tour — which is a great tour of Savannah," John Cusack said in 1997. "We talked about the screenplay. He was very helpful."[19] As for Savannah itself: "I'd definitely go back and hang out. It's a fun place. It's terrific being in a place that isn't interested in being modern. It's not interested in the fast-paced, kinetic lifestyle that we all lead. It's very relaxed; it's got a slow rhythm. All the squares that are in the middle of the town are made so that you can't speed through in traffic; you have to go leisurely around. Cocktail parties and parties are a big deal. It's interested in preserving its past; it's not interested in moving towards the future. It's interested in the way it is. It's very lush and exotic and mysterious."[19]
Several scenes were filmed in and aroundMonterey Square. Jim Williams'sMercer House is located in the southwesterntything block of the square, at 429Bull Street. Williams's sister, Dorothy Kingery, became the owner of the house after her brother's death. After initially agreeing to permit filming to take place inside the home, she developed cold feet. "Clint Eastwood came from California the next day," Kingery said. "We talked about my concerns, and he addressed those."[25] While most of the scenes were filmed inside the home, the fight and shooting scenes were done in a California studio.[25] When it came to the Christmas party scenes, the house contained so many valuable pieces of art and furniture that it presented a security problem. Eastwood, therefore, decided not to use extras. He instead sent out engraved invitations to the same locals that Williams used to invite to his parties.[17] The Mercer House hallway and office were recreated in Hollywood.[6]
John Kelso is shown being welcomed by Mrs. Baxter to theItalianate house at2 East Taylor Street — the 1880-built former home ofHugh Comer (1842–1900), president ofCentral of Georgia Railroad, on the square's northeastern ward. Kelso does not stay there in the movie, however; his carriage-house apartment was built on a soundstage inBurbank, California,[29] with backdrops outside his windows provided byJ. C. Backings. Establishing window shots from inside the carriage house were filmed across from115 East Jones Street, which Joe Odom was looking after for its owner, who was in New York. (Odom's house, constructed by Eliza Jewett in 1847, was at16 East Jones Street.)[30] Kelso's six-month rental, shown at the end of the film, is 218 West Jones Street, which is now valued at over $1.15 million.[31]
The scenes at Sonny Seiler's offices were filmed at theArmstrong House, 447 Bull Street, south of Monterey Square and close to the northern edge of Forsyth Park. John Bouhan was one of the partners of Bouhan, Williams & Levy, which moved into Armstrong House in 1970. Bouhan died the following year, but his dog, Patrick, was taken for daily walks by the law firm's porter, William Glover (James Moody), long after Bouhan's death.[32] In 2017, Bouhan Falligant LLP moved to One West Park Avenue[33] after developerRichard C. Kessler bought Armstrong House. Seiler retired just before the move.[34]
The courthouse exterior seen in the movie is theTomochichi Federal Building and United States Courthouse, in the western trust lot ofWright Square; however, internal shots were filmed in Burbank. Dixie's Flowers, the flower shop Mandy works at, is in the northeastern tything lot of the square, at 6 EastState Street.
The residence used as The Lady Chablis's home is 418 EastLiberty Street. The Myra Bishop Family Clinic she walks to is at 311Habersham Street, about 500 feet away. In the book, it is opposite Berendt's apartment at Forsyth Parkside. Myra's real last name is Pope.[35]
Kelso has breakfast (and an evening coffee with Mandy) atClary's Cafe, at 404Abercorn Street. Photos of the cast taken during down time from filming are hung by the door to the diner.
TheMarried Woman's Card Club is at126 East Gaston Street, now known as Granite Hall and part ofSCAD.
Churchill's Pub was located at9 Drayton Street at the time of filming, but it was damaged in a fire six years later and closed.[36]
The Debutante Ball was filmed at the Savannah Inn and Country Club. (It later became Wilmington Island Club but was renamed back to Savannah Inn and Country Club in 2018.)
Bonaventure Cemetery, on the city's eastern edge, is featured on several occasions, including for the funeral service of Jim Williams which was shot nearJohnny Mercer's burial site. Minerva performs her mysterious incantations at the "colored cemetery" just beyond Bonaventure in the movie. (In the book, the cemetery isCitizens Cemetery inBeaufort, South Carolina, within walking distance of Minerva's home. Also, Dr. Eagle, the common-law husband of Valerie Boles, the inspiration for Minerva, is renamed Dr. Buzzard.)
Forsyth Park is the venue for the dog-walking scenes, including thecameo appearance ofUga V, theEnglish bulldog live mascot of theUniversity of Georgia, playing his father, Uga IV. Uga V died two years after filming.[37] The Uga mascots live in Savannah between football games.
Candler Hospital is erroneously pronouncedChandler Hospital throughout the film.
After location filming ended in June 1997, a fundraiser was held at and for Savannah's Lucas Theatre, which was built in 1921. Spacey donated $200,000 in Williams's honor to assist in the $7.6-million renovation of the theatre.[38] "I love Savannah. I had a great time here," said Spacey, an Oscar winner in 1996 for his role inThe Usual Suspects. "I plan to visit again. And once this (theater) gets done, I'll bring a play here."[38] It was hoped that the movie's premiere would take place at the Lucas,[38] but it was instead held on November 17 atWarner Bros. Studios in Burbank. Its Savannah premiere occurred on November 20 at theJohnny Mercer Theater. It opened nationwide the following day. While the Savannah premiere was in progress, Dorothy Kingery was holding a private party at Mercer House.[39]
| Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil | |
|---|---|
| Soundtrack album by Various Artists | |
| Released | November 18, 1997 |
| Length | 58:04 |
| Label | Warner Bros. |
| Producer | Ernie Altschuler |
| Review scores | |
|---|---|
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |   link |
The soundtrack for the film was released in 1997. It is also dedicated toJohnny Mercer. The CD includes versions of songs heard in the film.[40]
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Performer | Length |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | "Skylark" | Hoagy Carmichael,Johnny Mercer | k.d. lang | 3:46 |
| 2. | "Too Marvelous for Words" | Richard Whiting, Mercer | Joe Williams | 3:40 |
| 3. | "Autumn Leaves" | Joseph Kosma,Jacques Prévert, Mercer | Paula Cole | 7:24 |
| 4. | "Fools Rush In (Where Angels Fear to Tread)" | Rube Bloom, Mercer | Rosemary Clooney | 4:10 |
| 5. | "Dream" | Mercer | Brad Mehldau | 5:10 |
| 6. | "Days of Wine and Roses" | Henry Mancini, Mercer | Cassandra Wilson | 4:47 |
| 7. | "That Old Black Magic" | Harold Arlen, Mercer | Kevin Spacey | 3:33 |
| 8. | "Come Rain or Come Shine" | Arlen, Mercer | Alison Eastwood | 4:32 |
| 9. | "Ac-Cent-Tchu-Ate the Positive" | Arlen, Mercer | Clint Eastwood | 3:35 |
| 10. | "This Time the Dream's on Me" | Arlen, Mercer | Alison Krauss | 3:46 |
| 11. | "Laura" | David Raksin, Mercer | Kevin Mahogany | 4:49 |
| 12. | "Midnight Sun" | Lionel Hampton,Sonny Burke, Mercer | Diana Krall | 4:01 |
| 13. | "I'm an Old Cowhand (From the Rio Grande)" | Mercer | Joshua Redman | 4:59 |
| 14. | "I Wanna Be Around" | Sadie Vimmerstedt, Mercer | Tony Bennett | 2:10 |
Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil was abox office failure, grossing $25.1 million[3] to an estimated $30 million budget.[2] It received mixed reviews. It scores 51% on review aggregatorRotten Tomatoes, based on 39 reviews with an average rating of 6/10. The site's consensus states: "Clint Eastwood's spare directorial style proves an ill fit for this Southern potboiler, which dutifully trudges through its mystery while remaining disinterested in the cultural flourishes that gave its source material its sense of intrigue."[41] OnMetacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 57 out of 100, based on 23 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[42] Audiences polled byCinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "C+" on an A+ to F scale.[43]
"Kevin Spacey played Jim Williams -- badly," John Berendt said in a 2015 interview. "He didn't even come close. I had offered [Spacey] recordings so he could listen to Jim Williams talking to me, regaling me with stories while sitting in his living room in Mercer House. [Spacey] said he'd already heard Williams on tape talking during one of his trials. But when I saw the movie, I was perplexed by the way Spacey portrayed Williams, because he did it as if he were asleep. He talked as if he were in a fog or sleepwalking. Then I realized what had happened, and I thought it was hilariously funny." Berendt believes Spacey listened to tapes of Williams during the third trial, when he had takenValium.[44]
