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Microsecond

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
One millionth of a second
microsecond
Unit systemSI
Unit oftime
Symbolμs
Conversions
1 μsin ...... is equal to ...
   SI units   10−6 s

Amicrosecond is a unit oftime in theInternational System of Units (SI) equal to onemillionth (0.000001 or 10−6 or1⁄1,000,000) of asecond. Its symbol isμs, sometimes simplified tous whenUnicode is not available.

A microsecond is to one second, as one second is to approximately 11.57 days.

A microsecond is equal to 1000nanoseconds or1⁄1,000 of amillisecond. Because the nextSI prefix is 1000 times larger, measurements of 10−5 and 10−4 seconds are typically expressed as tens or hundreds of microseconds.

Examples

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  • 1 microsecond (1μs) – cycle time forfrequency1×106 hertz (1 MHz), the inverse unit. This corresponds to radio wavelength300m (AMmedium wave band), as can be calculated by multiplying 1 μs by thespeed of light (approximately3.00×108 m/s).
  • 1 microsecond – the length of time of a high-speed, commercialstrobe light flash (seeair-gap flash).
  • 1 microsecond –protein folding takes place on the order of microseconds (thus this is the speed ofcarbon-based life).
  • 1.8 microseconds – the amount of time subtracted from the Earth'sday as a result of the2011 Japanese earthquake.[1]
  • 2 microseconds – the lifetime of amuonium particle.
  • 2.68 microseconds – the amount of time subtracted from the Earth's day as a result of the2004 Indian Ocean earthquake.[2]
  • 3.33564095 microseconds – the time taken bylight to travel onekilometre in avacuum.
  • 5.4 microseconds – the time taken by light to travel onemile in a vacuum (or radio waves point-to-point in a near vacuum).
  • 8 microseconds – the time taken by light to travel one mile in typicalsingle-mode fiber optic cable.
  • 10 microseconds (μs) – cycle time for frequency100 kHz, radio wavelength3km.
  • 18 microseconds – net amount per year that the length of the day lengthens, largely due totidal acceleration.[3]
  • 20.8 microseconds –sampling interval for digital audio with 48,000 samples/s.
  • 22.7 microseconds – sampling interval forCD audio (44,100 samples/s).
  • 38 microseconds – discrepancy inGPSsatellite time per day (compensated by clock speed) due torelativity .[4]
  • 50 microseconds – cycle time for highesthuman-audible tone (20 kHz).
  • 50 microseconds – to read the access latency for a modern solid state drive which holds non-volatile computer data.[5]
  • 100 microseconds (0.1 ms) – cycle time for frequency 10 kHz.
  • 125 microseconds – common sampling interval for telephone audio (8000 samples/s).[6]
  • 164 microseconds –half-life ofpolonium-214.
  • 240 microseconds – half-life ofcopernicium-277.
  • 260 to 480 microseconds - return trip ICMP ping time, including operating system kernel TCP/IP processing and answer time, between two Gigabit Ethernet devices connected to the same local area network switch fabric.
  • 277.8 microseconds – a fourth (a 60th of a 60th of a second), used in astronomical calculations byal-Biruni andRoger Bacon in 1000 and 1267 AD, respectively.[7][8]
  • 490 microseconds – time for light at a 1550 nm frequency to travel 100 km in a singlemode fiber optic cable (where speed of light is approximately 200 million metres per second due to itsindex of refraction).
  • The average human eyeblink takes 350,000 microseconds (just over1⁄3 second).
  • The average human fingersnap takes 150,000 microseconds (just over1⁄7 second).
  • Acamera flash illuminates for 1,000 microseconds.
  • Standard camerashutter speed opens the shutter for 4,000 microseconds or 4 milliseconds.
  • 584542 years of microseconds fit in 64 bits: (2**64)/(1e6*60*60*24*365.25).

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Gross, R.S. (14 March 2014)."Japan quake may have shortened Earth days, moved axis". JPL News. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved23 August 2019.
  2. ^Cook-Anderson, Gretchen; Beasley, Dolores (January 10, 2005)."NASA Details Earthquake Effects on the Earth". NASA. RetrievedSeptember 18, 2021.
  3. ^MacDonald, Fiona."Earth's Days Are Getting 2 Milliseconds Longer Every 100 Years".ScienceAlert. Retrieved2017-03-08.
  4. ^Richard Pogge."GPS and Relativity". Retrieved2011-10-01.
  5. ^Intel Solid State Drive Product Specification
  6. ^Kumar, Anurag; Manjunath, D.; Kuri, Joy (2008),"Application Models and Performance Issues",Wireless Networking, Elsevier, pp. 53–79,doi:10.1016/b978-012374254-4.50004-1,ISBN 978-0-12-374254-4, retrieved2022-08-08
  7. ^al-Biruni (1879).The chronology of ancient nations: an English version of the Arabic text of the Athâr-ul-Bâkiya of Albîrûnî, or "Vestiges of the Past". Translated by Sachau C Edward.W. H. Allen. pp. 147–149.OCLC 9986841.
  8. ^R Bacon (2000) [1928].The Opus Majus of Roger Bacon. translator: BR Belle.University of Pennsylvania Press. table facing page 231.ISBN 978-1-85506-856-8.

External links

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