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Michael C. Malin (born 1950) is an Americanastronomer, space scientist, andCEO ofMalin Space Science Systems. His cameras have been important scientific instruments in theexploration of Mars.
Malin designed and ran the orbitingMars camera (part of the largerMars Global Surveyor spacecraft) which took over 212,000 high-resolution photos of Mars over a nine-year period. In late 2006, he and Kenneth Edgett announced photographic evidence which strongly suggested water was flowing on Mars in the present day.
A native ofCalifornia, born inLos Angeles, Michael Malin earned a B.A. fromU.C. Berkeley inPhysics with a minor inEnglish literature. He then attendedCaltech, where he earned a Ph.D. inPlanetary Sciences and Geology in 1975. After his doctorate, he worked for four years atNASA'sJet Propulsion Laboratory, where he was involved with theViking 1 andVoyager missions. He taught geology atArizona State University for 11 years before returning to California and founding Malin Space Science Systems.[1]
Malin was convinced that valuable science could be done by a high resolution camera orbiting Mars. However, he met with skepticism from NASA officials. Malin was told "Viking had already taken all the pictures we ever needed of Mars." Malin thought that position was absurd. (Interview, Space.com 6/2000). Malin and Ed Danielson, a friend from Caltech days, jointly thought up a camera which would be able to resolve objects 6.5 feet across. NASA was not very interested but, in 1985, they gave Malin and Danielson $50,000 to come up with a proposal. Their design was telescope mated to an electronic camera. The camera was approved, and Malin now had to build it.
Building the camera took years and was delayed several times by NASA. In the spring of 1992, with launch only months away, the camera was installed on the Mars Observer. The launch was successful and in January 1993 it took some photos but then, the Observer spacecraft ceased operations. Fortunately, MSSS had built a double and so two years later, the double was sent up (in November 1996) and that camera worked flawlessly for the next decade.
Malin has authored a number of papers based on the photos returned from theMars Orbiter Camera (MOC). His most significant claim is that photographic evidence from the MOC strongly suggests recent flow of water on the surface of Mars. This claim was initially met with skepticism but it has been bolstered by recent photographic evidence (seeLife on Mars for more details).
The Surveyor exceeded its designed life by many years but in November 2006 it stopped sending back data. As of December 2006, the NASA program manager said it is likely that the spacecraft and all its instruments (including the Malin MOC) were lost.
