Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム

Jump to content

Miao Rebellion (1735–1736)

Polski

Edit links

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Rebellion in China

Miao Rebellion (1735–1736)

Part of theMiao Rebellions

Date	1735–1736
Location	Guizhou,China
Result	Qing dynasty victory

Belligerents

Qing dynasty

Miao

Commanders and leaders

Zhang Guangsi
Ha Yuansheng

v t e Miao Rebellions
Early Ming Bozhou 1735 1795 1854

TheMiao Rebellion of 1735–1736 was an uprising of autochthonous people fromsouthwest China (called by the Chinese "Miao", but including more than theantecedents of the present-dayMiao national minority).

Background

[edit]

Since theMing dynasty (1368–1644), southwestern China (Yunnan,Guizhou,Guangxi) was within the control of the Ming Empire, but the state control of these territories was weak. TheYongzheng Emperor of the Qing dynasty decided to strengthen it, replacing local, semi-independent chieftains, calledtusi, with regular Qing administration. To achieve this goal, the princeOrtai led several military campaigns into the area, pacifying them between 1726 and 1732.^[1] However, military control did not stop the official abuse and extortion, suppressing only the reaction against them.^[2]

Rebellion

[edit]

By 1735, misrule and extortion proved too much and the local people rose to fight. Some of them were desperate enough as to kill their wives and children before joining the rebellion, thus burning all bridges behind them. The uprising started inTaigong, then covering the area ofLiping andDuyun. Local Qing administration, unable to cope with the rebels, suggested making a kind of agreement with them, but theQianlong Emperor recalled the previous commanders and appointedZhang Guangsi, an experienced officer underOrtai, to quell the rebellion. The uprising was bloodily suppressed, the last rebels doggedly fighting atNiupidajing. Altogether Qing armies destroyed approximately 1200 Miao forts and killed over 18,000 warriors.^[2]

The campaign lasted from February to November 1736. Zhang, meanwhile appointedGovernor-General of Guizhou, started to build roads, strengthening thegarrisons and opening the mines, to enhance both imperial control and the economy of the region.^[3]

The suppression of the revolt granted the area half a century of peace, but the deep causes of unrest remained unchanged and the tensions grew again, untilthe Miao rebelled again in 1795.

References

[edit]

^Jonathan Spence (1990).Search for Modern China. New York: University of Washington Press. pp. 82.ISBN 0-393-02708-2.
^^a ^bHerold J. Wiens (1954).China's March toward the Tropics: A Discussion of the Southward Penetration of China's Culture, Peoples, and Political Control in Relation to the Non-Han- Chinese Peoples of South China and in the Perspective of Historical and Cultural Geography. Hamden, CT: Shoe String Press. p. 190.
^Alfred Kuhn. "Chang Kuang-ssu". In Arthur W. Hummel (ed.).Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period (1644-1912). Vol. 1. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 44.

Ch'ien Lung (emperor of China.) (1810).The conquest of the Miao-tse, an imperial poem ... entitled A choral song of harmony for the first part of the Spring [tr.] by S. Weston, from the Chinese. Translated byStephen Weston. London: Printed & Sold by C. & R. Baldwin, New Bridge Street, Black Friars. Retrieved24 April 2014.

Qing dynasty topics

History

Early (1616–1683)	Jurchen unification Later Jin Seven Grievances Later Jin invasion of Joseon Qing invasion of Joseon Transition from Ming to Qing Battle of Shanhai Pass Great Clearance Battle of Penghu Revolt of the Three Feudatories
High Qing (1683–1799)	Sino-Russian border conflicts Dzungar–Qing Wars Chinese expedition to Tibet (1720) Chinese Rites controversy Ten Great Campaigns Miao Rebellion (1735–1736) Lhasa riot of 1750 First Sino–Kazakh War Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas Afaqi Khoja revolts Durrani-Qing relations Second Sino–Kazakh War Sino-Burmese War Lin Shuangwen rebellion Battle of Ngọc Hồi-Đống Đa Sino-Nepalese War Miao Rebellion (1795–1806) White Lotus Rebellion
19th century (1801–1900)	Eight Trigrams uprising of 1813 First Opium War Dogra–Tibetan war (Sino-Sikh war) Taiping Rebellion Nian Rebellion Red Turban Rebellion (1854–1856) Small Swords Society Miao Rebellion (1854–1873) Nepal–Tibet War (1855–1856) Panthay Rebellion Second Opium War Punti–Hakka Clan Wars Amur Annexation Self-Strengthening Movement Tongzhi Restoration Dungan Revolt (1862–1877) Mudan incident Tianjin Massacre Margary Affair Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1874) Northern Chinese Famine Qing reconquest of Xinjiang Sino-French War Sikkim expedition Jindandao incident First Sino-Japanese War Gongche Shangshu movement Dungan Revolt (1895–1896) Hundred Days' Reform Third plague pandemic Boxer Rebellion Red Lanterns Eight-Nation Alliance Declaration of war
20th century (1901–1912)	Late Qing reforms British expedition to Tibet 1905 Batang uprising Preparative Constitutionalism 1909 Parliamentary election 1909 Provincial Assembly elections Chinese expedition to Tibet (1910) Manchurian plague Railway Protection Movement 1911 Revolution Wuchang Uprising Xinhai Lhasa turmoil Mongolian Revolution of 1911 1911 Revolution in Xinjiang Imperial Edict of the Abdication of Puyi Articles of Favourable Treatment Manchu Restoration

Government

Military

Special regions

Palaces &
mausoleums

Society &
culture

Treaties

Currency

Coinage	Zhiqian Kangxi Tongbao Qianlong Tongbao Hongqian Great Qing Copper Coin Great Qing Gold Coin
Paper money	Great Qing Treasure Note Hubu Guanpiao Banknotes of the Da Qing Bank

Movatterモバイル変換

Miao Rebellion (1735–1736)

Background

Rebellion

See also

References

Further reading