Miami metropolitan area Miami–Fort Lauderdale–West Palm Beach, FL Metropolitan Statistical Area[1] | |
|---|---|
 From top (left to right):Downtown Miami,Fort Lauderdale,Sawgrass Mills,The Square atWest Palm Beach,Sunny Isles Beach, andBoca Raton | |
 | |
| Coordinates:26°8′N80°12′W / 26.133°N 80.200°W /26.133; -80.200 | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  Florida |
| Core city |  Miami |
| Principal cities[1] | |
| Area | |
| • Land | 6,137 sq mi (15,890 km2) |
| Highest elevation | 53 ft (16.2 m) |
| Lowest elevation | 0 ft (0 m) |
| Population | |
• Total | 6,138,333 |
• Estimate (2024)[3] | 6,457,988 |
| • Rank | 6th in the United States 1st in Florida |
| • Density | 1,000.7/sq mi (386.37/km2) |
| GDP | |
| • MSA | $533.674 billion (2023) |
| Time zone | UTC−05:00 (Eastern Standard Time) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−04:00 (Eastern Daylight Time) |
TheMiami metropolitan area, officially known as theMiami–Fort Lauderdale–West Palm Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area, is a coastalmetropolitan area in southeasternFlorida. It is the sixth-largestmetropolitan statistical area (MSA) in the United States, the third-largest metropolitan area in theSouthern United States, and the largest metropolitan area in Florida. It is also known asSouth Florida,SoFlo,SoFla,the Gold Coast,Southeast Florida,the Tri-County Area, orGreater Miami. With a population of 6.45 million,[5] its population exceeds31 of the nation's 50 states as of 2023. It comprisesthe three most populated counties in the state,Miami-Dade County,Broward County, andPalm Beach County. Miami-Dade County, with 2,701,767 people in 2020, is theseventh-most populous county in the United States.
Miami is the region's financial and cultural core and most populous city. According to the Global and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) classification Miami is an "Alpha minus" city and is considered a very important world city that links the major economic region of South Florida into the world economy. The Global Financial Centres Index (GFCI 37) ranked Miami as the world's 26th most important finance center as of May 2025, ranking 7th in the United States only behind New York, San Francisco, Chicago, Los Angeles, Washington D.C. and Boston. Otherprincipal cities, as defined by theOffice of Management and Budget, includeFort Lauderdale,West Palm Beach,Pompano Beach,Boca Raton,Sunrise,Deerfield Beach,Miami Beach,Kendall,Doral,Delray Beach,Jupiter, andPalm Beach Gardens.[1] The Miami metropolitan area is part of the largerSouth Florida region of the state, which also includes theEverglades and theFlorida Keys.
With 1,279.2 sq mi (3,313 km2) ofurban landmass, the Miami metropolitan area also is one of theworld's most populousurban agglomerations.
South Florida is largely confined to a strip of land between theAtlantic Ocean andEverglades, and Miami's urbanized area is about 100 miles (160 km) long (north to south) and at most 20 miles (32 km) east to west; in some areas, its east to west width is only 5 miles (8 km). The Miami metropolitan statistical area is the second-longest urbanized area in the United States behind theNew York metropolitan area.[6] It was the eighth-most densely populated urbanized area in the United States as of the 2000 census.[7]
As of the 2020 census, the Miami-Fort Lauderdale urbanized area had a land area of 1,244.18 square miles (3,222.4 km2), with a population of 6,077,522, for apopulation density of 4,884.78 inhabitants per square mile (1,886.02/km2). The Miami metropolitan area also had oneurban cluster (UC) as of the 2020 census, which is not part of the Miami urbanized area. The Belle Glade urban cluster had a population of 23,009, area of 7.21 square miles (18.7 km2) and population density of 3,191.41 inhabitants per square mile (1,232.21/km2).[8] Miami, the largest city in the metropolitan area, had population density of over 10,000/sq mi (more than 3,800/km2) in 2000.[9][10] The Miami Urbanized Area was the fourth-largest urbanized area in the United States in the 2010 census.
The most notable colleges and universities in the Miami metropolitan area includeBarry University,Florida Atlantic University,Florida International University,Nova Southeastern University,St. Thomas University (Florida), and theUniversity of Miami. The region also has three community colleges,Broward College,Miami Dade College, andPalm Beach State College. Some of these institutions, such as Florida International University and Miami Dade College, make up some of the largest institutions of higher learning in the United States.[11]
The Miami metropolitan area is also known asSouth Florida,SoFlo,SoFla, theGold Coast,the Tri-County Area, orGreater Miami, and, for U.S. government statistical purposes, theMiami–Fort Lauderdale–West Palm Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area.
As of 2023[update], the Miami metropolitan area is defined by the U.S.Office of Management and Budget as theMiami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA),[1] with a 2020 population of 6,138,333. The MSA is made up of three "metropolitan divisions" :
The MSA is the second most populous metropolitan area in theSoutheastern United States and has an area of 6,137 sq. mi (15,890 km2).
The original MSA for Miami, as defined by the OMB, included only Dade County (now Miami-Dade County). By 1995, the Miami-Hialeah and Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach MSAs had been merged into the Miami-Fort Lauderdale Consolidated MSA, consisting of the Miami Primary MSA (Dade County) and the Fort Lauderdale Primary MSA (Broward County).[13] In 2003, the West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Boynton Beach MSA was merged with the consolidated MSA to form the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area, consisting of: the Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach-Deefield Beach Metropolitan Division (Broward County), the Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall Metropolitan Division (Miami-Dade County), and the West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Boynton Beach Metropolitan Division (Palm Beach County).[14]
The Census Bureau also defines a wider commercial region based on commuting patterns, theMiami-Port Saint Lucie-Fort Lauderdale Combined Statistical Area (CSA), with a population of 6,887,655 in 2020.
As of 2023[update], the CSA consists of three component metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) and oneMicropolitan statistical area (μSA):
When the CSA was defined in 2013, it included the Okeechobee μSA, but not the Key West μSA. In 2018 the Okeechobee μSA was removed from the CSA and the Key West μSA was added. The Okeechobee μSA was re-added to the CSA in 2023.[16][17][15]
The Miami metropolitan area is frequently named the "Gold Coast" in convention withFlorida's other coast regions, including theSpace Coast,Treasure Coast,Sun Coast,Nature Coast,Forgotten Coast,Emerald Coast,Fun Coast, andFirst Coast. Like several of the others, it seems to have originated at the time the area first saw major growth. One of the best known of Florida's vernacular regions, the name is a reference to the wealth and ritzy tropical lifestyle that characterizes the area.[18][19]
The region has atropical climate, similar to the climate found in much of theCaribbean. It is the only metropolitan area in the48 contiguous states that falls under that category. More specifically, it generally has atropical monsoon climate (Köppen climate classification,Am).[20] The South Florida metropolis sees most of its rain in the summer (wet season) and is quite dry in the winter (dry season). The wet season, which is hot and humid, lasts from May to October, when daily thunderstorms and passing weak tropical lows bring downpours during the late afternoon. The dry season often starts in late October and runs through late April. During the height of the dry season from February through April, South Florida is often very dry, and often brush fires and water restrictions are an issue. At times cold fronts can make it all the way down to South Florida and provide some modest rainfall in the dry season. Thehurricane season largely coincides with the wet season.[21]
In addition to its sea-level elevation, coastal location and position near theTropic of Cancer andthe Caribbean, the area owes its warm, humid climate to theGulf Stream, which moderates climate year-round. A typical summer day does not see temperatures below 75 °F (24 °C). Temperatures in the high 80s to low 90s (30–35 °C) accompanied by high humidity are often relieved by afternoonthunderstorms or asea breeze that develops off the Atlantic Ocean, which then allow lower temperatures, although conditions still remain very muggy.
During winter, dry air often dominates as dew points are often very low. Average daily high temperatures across South Florida during the winter are around 74–77 °F (23–25 °C). Although daily highs can sometimes reach 82–85 °F (28–29 °C) even in January and February. Daily low temperatures during the winter are generally around 55–63 °F (13–17 °C). Each winter, cold fronts occasionally make their way down to the northernBahamas andSouth Florida. As a result, daytime high temperatures in South Florida may only reach around 65 °F (18 °C) or cooler. When this occurs low temperatures can dip into the 40s during the early morning hours before quickly warming-up toward late morning/early afternoon. It is rare for temperatures to drop below 40 °F (4 °C), however, low temperatures at or around 35 °F (2 °C) have occurred some years. South Florida only experiences these cold spells about twice each winter and they typically only last a day or two before temperatures return to the mid 70s. On average South Florida is frost-free, although there can be a light frost in the inland communities about once every decade.
Hurricane season officially runs from June 1 through November 30, although hurricanes can develop outside that period. The most likely time for South Florida to be hit is during the peak of theCape Verde season, mid-August through the end of September.[22] Due to its location between two major bodies of water known for tropical activity, South Florida is also statistically the most likely major area to be struck by a hurricane in the world, trailed closely byNassau, Bahamas, andHavana, Cuba. Many hurricanes have affected the metropolis, includingBetsy in 1965,Andrew in 1992,Irene in 1999, HurricanesKatrina andWilma in 2005, andIrma in 2017. In addition, a tropical depression in October 2000 passed over the city, causing record rainfall and flooding. Locally, the storm is credited as theNo Name Storm of 2000, though the depression went on to become Tropical Storm Leslie upon entering the Atlantic Ocean.
| Climate data forWest Palm Beach Airport, Florida (1981–2010 normals,[23] extremes 1888–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 75.2 (24.0) | 76.3 (24.6) | 80.0 (26.7) | 84.1 (28.9) | 87.0 (30.6) | 90.7 (32.6) | 92.0 (33.3) | 91.3 (32.9) | 88.3 (31.3) | 84.3 (29.1) | 82.3 (27.9) | 76.7 (24.8) | 84.3 (29.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 57.4 (14.1) | 58.6 (14.8) | 61.7 (16.5) | 65.0 (18.3) | 71.1 (21.7) | 75.0 (23.9) | 75.2 (24.0) | 75.4 (24.1) | 74.3 (23.5) | 70.9 (21.6) | 63.4 (17.4) | 60.0 (15.6) | 66.8 (19.3) |
| Average rainfall inches (mm) | 2.18 (55) | 2.09 (53) | 2.05 (52) | 2.03 (52) | 5.76 (146) | 9.02 (229) | 9.27 (235) | 9.83 (250) | 9.93 (252) | 9.57 (243) | 5.07 (129) | 2.27 (58) | 60.35 (1,533) |
| Average rainy days(≥ 0.01 in) | 7.8 | 6.7 | 5.0 | 5.8 | 14.1 | 16.0 | 18.1 | 19.0 | 16.7 | 17.1 | 10.2 | 7.1 | 132.6 |
| Source: NOAA[24][25] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data forFort Lauderdale Int'l Airport, Florida (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1912–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 75.5 (24.2) | 76.7 (24.8) | 78.5 (25.8) | 82.9 (28.3) | 85.6 (29.8) | 89.8 (32.1) | 91.9 (33.3) | 90.5 (32.5) | 88.8 (31.6) | 85.8 (29.9) | 81.0 (27.2) | 76.9 (24.9) | 83.3 (28.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 59.0 (15.0) | 60.5 (15.8) | 63.4 (17.4) | 66.9 (19.4) | 72.0 (22.2) | 74.4 (23.6) | 75.9 (24.4) | 75.8 (24.3) | 75.2 (24.0) | 71.8 (22.1) | 65.7 (18.7) | 61.3 (16.3) | 67.7 (19.8) |
| Average rainfall inches (mm) | 3.63 (92) | 2.96 (75) | 3.36 (85) | 2.89 (73) | 4.65 (118) | 10.16 (258) | 5.98 (152) | 7.44 (189) | 8.59 (218) | 6.82 (173) | 3.24 (82) | 2.46 (62) | 62.18 (1,579) |
| Average rainy days(≥ 0.01 in) | 5.0 | 6.1 | 6.9 | 5.4 | 8.8 | 15.9 | 15.9 | 15.7 | 15.8 | 10.6 | 8.1 | 8.1 | 122.3 |
| Source:[26][27][28] | |||||||||||||
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Record high °F (°C) | 88 (31) | 89 (32) | 93 (34) | 97 (36) | 98 (37) | 98 (37) | 100 (38) | 98 (37) | 97 (36) | 95 (35) | 91 (33) | 89 (32) | 100 (38) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 84.4 (29.1) | 85.8 (29.9) | 89.0 (31.7) | 90.7 (32.6) | 92.8 (33.8) | 94.2 (34.6) | 94.7 (34.8) | 94.5 (34.7) | 93.2 (34.0) | 90.9 (32.7) | 87.0 (30.6) | 84.9 (29.4) | 95.8 (35.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 76.2 (24.6) | 78.2 (25.7) | 80.6 (27.0) | 83.6 (28.7) | 86.7 (30.4) | 89.3 (31.8) | 90.6 (32.6) | 90.7 (32.6) | 89.0 (31.7) | 85.9 (29.9) | 81.3 (27.4) | 78.2 (25.7) | 84.2 (29.0) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 68.6 (20.3) | 70.7 (21.5) | 73.1 (22.8) | 76.7 (24.8) | 80.1 (26.7) | 82.8 (28.2) | 84.1 (28.9) | 84.2 (29.0) | 83.0 (28.3) | 80.1 (26.7) | 74.8 (23.8) | 71.2 (21.8) | 77.4 (25.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 61.0 (16.1) | 63.2 (17.3) | 65.6 (18.7) | 69.8 (21.0) | 73.4 (23.0) | 76.3 (24.6) | 77.5 (25.3) | 77.7 (25.4) | 76.9 (24.9) | 74.2 (23.4) | 68.3 (20.2) | 64.3 (17.9) | 70.7 (21.5) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | 45.1 (7.3) | 48.5 (9.2) | 52.3 (11.3) | 59.6 (15.3) | 66.7 (19.3) | 71.5 (21.9) | 72.5 (22.5) | 72.8 (22.7) | 72.7 (22.6) | 65.0 (18.3) | 55.7 (13.2) | 49.7 (9.8) | 42.5 (5.8) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 28 (−2) | 27 (−3) | 32 (0) | 39 (4) | 50 (10) | 60 (16) | 66 (19) | 67 (19) | 62 (17) | 45 (7) | 36 (2) | 30 (−1) | 27 (−3) |
| Averageprecipitation inches (mm) | 1.83 (46) | 2.15 (55) | 2.46 (62) | 3.36 (85) | 6.32 (161) | 10.51 (267) | 7.36 (187) | 9.58 (243) | 10.22 (260) | 7.65 (194) | 3.53 (90) | 2.44 (62) | 67.41 (1,712) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.01 in) | 7.7 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.9 | 10.8 | 17.6 | 17.3 | 19.4 | 18.1 | 13.8 | 8.6 | 8.0 | 141.0 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 72.7 | 70.9 | 69.5 | 67.3 | 71.6 | 76.2 | 74.8 | 76.2 | 77.8 | 74.9 | 73.8 | 72.5 | 73.2 |
| Averagedew point °F (°C) | 57.6 (14.2) | 57.6 (14.2) | 60.4 (15.8) | 62.6 (17.0) | 67.6 (19.8) | 72.0 (22.2) | 73.0 (22.8) | 73.8 (23.2) | 73.2 (22.9) | 68.7 (20.4) | 63.9 (17.7) | 59.2 (15.1) | 65.8 (18.8) |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 219.8 | 216.9 | 277.2 | 293.8 | 301.3 | 288.7 | 308.7 | 288.3 | 262.2 | 260.2 | 220.8 | 216.1 | 3,154 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 66 | 69 | 75 | 77 | 72 | 70 | 73 | 71 | 71 | 73 | 68 | 66 | 71 |
| Averageultraviolet index | 5.1 | 6.7 | 8.6 | 10.2 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 10.5 | 9.3 | 7.1 | 5.3 | 4.5 | 8.2 |
| Source 1: NOAA (relative humidity, dew point and sun 1961–1990),[29][30][31] The Weather Channel[32] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: UV Index Today (1995 to 2022),[33] Thunderstorm days (1961 to 1990)[34] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data forMiami Beach, 1981−2010 normals | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 73.8 (23.2) | 74.9 (23.8) | 76.3 (24.6) | 79.4 (26.3) | 82.8 (28.2) | 86.5 (30.3) | 88.1 (31.2) | 88.5 (31.4) | 87.0 (30.6) | 83.7 (28.7) | 79.3 (26.3) | 75.7 (24.3) | 81.3 (27.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 61.4 (16.3) | 63.0 (17.2) | 65.3 (18.5) | 69.2 (20.7) | 73.9 (23.3) | 77.0 (25.0) | 78.3 (25.7) | 78.6 (25.9) | 77.7 (25.4) | 74.7 (23.7) | 69.5 (20.8) | 64.3 (17.9) | 71.1 (21.7) |
| Average rainfall inches (mm) | 2.09 (53) | 2.33 (59) | 3.00 (76) | 3.20 (81) | 4.98 (126) | 8.27 (210) | 4.35 (110) | 6.37 (162) | 7.88 (200) | 4.47 (114) | 2.74 (70) | 2.05 (52) | 51.73 (1,313) |
| Average rainy days(≥ 0.01 in) | 6.7 | 6.0 | 6.9 | 6.0 | 8.9 | 14.5 | 12.1 | 14.0 | 14.9 | 11.2 | 8.1 | 6.9 | 116.2 |
| Source: NOAA (extremes 1927−present)[29] | |||||||||||||
The following is a list of the twenty largest cities in the Miami metropolitan area as ranked by population.[35][36][37]
| City | County | 2000 population | 2010 population | 2020 population | 2010 to 2020 % change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Miami | Miami-Dade | 362,470 | 399,457 | 442,241 | +10.71% |
| Hialeah | Miami-Dade | 226,419 | 224,669 | 223,109 | −0.69% |
| Fort Lauderdale | Broward | 152,397 | 165,521 | 182,760 | +10.41% |
| Pembroke Pines | Broward | 137,427 | 154,750 | 171,178 | +10.62% |
| Hollywood | Broward | 139,357 | 140,768 | 153,067 | +8.74% |
| Miramar | Broward | 72,739 | 122,041 | 134,721 | +10.39% |
| Coral Springs | Broward | 117,549 | 121,096 | 133,394 | +10.16% |
| Miami Gardens | Miami-Dade | 100,758 | 107,167 | 111,640 | +4.17% |
| Pompano Beach | Broward | 78,191 | 99,845 | 112,046 | +12.22% |
| West Palm Beach | Palm Beach | 82,103 | 99,919 | 117,415 | +17.51% |
| Davie | Broward | 75,720 | 91,922 | 105,691 | +14.98% |
| Boca Raton | Palm Beach | 74,764 | 84,392 | 97,422 | +15.44% |
| Sunrise | Broward | 85,779 | 84,439 | 97,335 | +15.27% |
| Plantation | Broward | 82,934 | 84,955 | 91,750 | +8.00% |
| Miami Beach | Miami-Dade | 87,933 | 87,779 | 82,890 | −5.57% |
| Deerfield Beach | Broward | 64,583 | 75,018 | 86,859 | +15.78% |
| Boynton Beach | Palm Beach | 60,389 | 68,217 | 80,380 | +17.83% |
| Lauderhill | Broward | 57,585 | 66,887 | 74,482 | +11.35% |
| Doral | Miami-Dade | 20,438 | 45,704 | 75,874 | +66.01% |
| Homestead | Miami-Dade | 31,909 | 60,512 | 80,737 | +33.42% |
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1920 | 66,542 | — | |
| 1930 | 214,830 | 222.8% | |
| 1940 | 387,522 | 80.4% | |
| 1950 | 693,705 | 79.0% | |
| 1960 | 1,497,099 | 115.8% | |
| 1970 | 2,236,885 | 49.4% | |
| 1980 | 3,220,844 | 44.0% | |
| 1990 | 4,056,100 | 25.9% | |
| 2000 | 5,007,564 | 23.5% | |
| 2010 | 5,564,635 | 11.1% | |
| 2020 | 6,138,333 | 10.3% | |
| 2023 (est.) | 6,183,199 | 0.7% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census 1920–1970[38] 1980[39] 1990[40] 2000[41] 2010[42] 2020[2] 2023[5] | |||
| Historical racial composition | 2020[2] | 2010[42] | 2000[41] | 1990[40] | 1980[39] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White (non-Hispanic) | 29.1% | 34.8% | 44.1% | 54.5% | 64.6% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 45.9% | 41.6% | 34.0% | 27.8% | 20.2% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 18.7% | 19.7% | 18.1% | 16.3% | 14.2% |
| Asian andPacific Islander (non-Hispanic) | 2.6% | 2.2% | 1.7% | 1.2% | 1.1% |
| Native American (non-Hispanic) | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | |
| Other Race (non-Hispanic) | 0.8% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.1% | |
| Two or more races (non-Hispanic) | 2.8% | 1.2% | 1.8% | N/A | N/A |
| Population | 6,138,333 | 5,564,635 | 5,007,564 | 4,056,100 | 3,220,844 |
| Demographic characteristics | 2020[43][44][45] | 2010[46][47][48] | 2000[49][50][51] | 1990[40] | 1980[39][52] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Households | 2,641,002 | 2,464,417 | 2,149,749 | 1,586,355 | 1,261,686 |
| Persons per household | 2.32 | 2.26 | 2.33 | 2.56 | 2.55 |
| Sex Ratio | 92.8 | 93.8 | 93.4 | 92.1 | 90.1 |
| Ages 0–17 | 19.6% | 21.7% | 23.6% | 22.0% | 22.6% |
| Ages 18–64 | 61.5% | 62.4% | 59.9% | 59.7% | 59.3% |
| Ages 65 + | 18.9% | 15.9% | 16.4% | 18.3% | 18.1% |
| Median age | 42.2 | 39.9 | 37.7 | 36.4 | 36.9 |
| Population | 6,138,333 | 5,564,635 | 5,007,564 | 4,056,100 | 3,220,844 |
| Economic indicators | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017–21American Community Survey | Miami metro area | Florida | |
| Median income[53] | $34,644 | $34,367 | |
| Median household income[54] | $62,855 | $61,777 | |
| Poverty Rate[55] | 13.6% | 13.1% | |
| High school diploma[56] | 86.5% | 89.0% | |
| Bachelor's degree[56] | 34.1% | 31.5% | |
| Advanced degree[56] | 13.0% | 11.7% | |
| Language spoken at home[c] | 2015[d] | 2010[e] | 2000[59] | 1990[60] | 1980[61] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | 46.9% | 49.2% | 55.3% | 64.0% | 72.9% |
| Spanish orSpanish Creole | 41.6% | 39.7% | 34.6% | 27.8% | 20.2% |
| French orHaitian Creole | 5.9% | 5.8% | 4.9% | 3.0% | 1.3% |
| Other Languages | 5.5% | 5.3% | 5.3% | 5.1% | 5.7% |
| Nativity | 2015[f] | 2010[g] | 2000[66][67] | 1990[60] | 1980[61] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % populationnative-born | 60.0% | 61.8% | 65.0% | 71.0% | 76.7% |
| ... born in theUnited States | 57.0% | 59.1% | 62.3% | 68.4% | 75.0% |
| ... born inPuerto Rico orIsland Areas | 1.8% | 1.7% | 1.9% | 2.2% | 1.8% |
| ... born toAmerican parents abroad | 1.2% | 1.1% | 0.8% | 0.9% | |
| % populationforeign-born[h] | 40.0% | 38.2% | 35.0% | 29.0% | 23.3% |
| ... born inCuba | 13.0% | 12.0% | 11.5% | 11.3% | 10.6% |
| ... born inHaiti | 3.7% | 3.5% | 2.9% | 1.8% | N/A[i] |
| ... born inColombia | 2.9% | 2.8% | 2.5% | 1.4% | N/A[i] |
| ... born inJamaica | 2.3% | 2.3% | 2.1% | 1.4% | 0.7% |
| ... born inVenezuela | 1.6% | 1.2% | 0.7% | 0.3% | N/A[i] |
| ... born inNicaragua | 1.5% | 1.7% | 1.8% | 1.7% | N/A[i] |
| ... born in theDominican Republic | 1.2% | 1.1% | 1.0% | 0.5% | 0.2% |
| ... born inMexico | 1.1% | 1.1% | 1.0% | 0.5% | 0.2% |
| ... born inHonduras | 1.1% | 1.1% | 0.9% | 0.4% | N/A[i] |
| ... born inPeru | 1.1% | 1.1% | 0.9% | 0.5% | N/A[i] |
| ... born inBrazil | 0.8% | 0.7% | 0.6% | 0.2% | N/A[i] |
| ... born inGuatemala | 0.7% | 0.7% | 0.4% | 0.2% | N/A[i] |
| ... born inArgentina | 0.7% | 0.6% | 0.5% | 0.3% | N/A[i] |
| ... born inCanada | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.7% | 0.7% | 0.9% |
| ... born inEcuador | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.2% | N/A[i] |
| ... born inEl Salvador | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.2% | N/A[i] |
| ... born inIndia | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% |
| ... born inTrinidad and Tobago | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.2% | N/A[i] |
| ... born in theUnited Kingdom | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.5% | 0.6% |
| ... born inChina | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% |
| ... born in thePhilippines | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% |
| ... born inItaly | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.5% |
| ... born inChile | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.2% | N/A[i] |
| ... born in theBahamas | 0.2% | 0.2% | N/A[i] | 0.3% | N/A[i] |
| ... born inSpain | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.3% | N/A[i] |
| ... born inGermany | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.4% | 0.5% | 0.6% |
| ... born inPanama | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | N/A[i] |
| ... born inRussia | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.3%[j] | 0.9%[j] |
| ... born inPoland | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 0.7% |
| ... born inHungary | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.2% |
| ... born inAustria | < 0.1% | < 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.2% |
| ... born in other countries | 3.4% | 3.7% | 3.3% | 3.6% | 6.7% |
There is a strong divide between the northern and southern parts of the region in terms of dominant language. In 2010, English was the household language of 73.1% ofPalm Beach County residents and 63.4% ofBroward County residents but only 28.1% ofMiami-Dade County residents. In contrast, 63.8% of Miami-Dade County residents spoke Spanish at home.
According to a 2014 study by thePew Research Center, Christianity is the most prevalent religion in the Miami metropolitan area (68%), with 39% professing attendance at a variety of churches that could be consideredProtestant and 27% professingRoman Catholic beliefs.[69][70] Judaism is second (9%), followed byIslam,Buddhism,Hinduism and a variety of other religions have smaller followings; 21% of the population did not identify with any religion.
The Miami area has one of the largest Jewish communities in the United States. 10.2% of the population identified as Jewish in the2000 Census.[71] According to a 2011 survey of American Judaism, Palm Beach County had the most Jews of any Florida county both in absolute numbers (205,850) and as a percentage of the overall population (15.8%). Broward County came in second place with 170,700 Jewish residents or 9.8% of the population, and Miami-Dade County came in third with 106,300 or 4.3%.[72]
Changes inhouse prices for the area are publicly tracked on a regular basis using theCase–Shiller index; the statistic is published byStandard & Poor's and is also a component of S&P's 10-citycomposite index of the value of the residential real estate market.
As of 2005, the Miami area had a total of 2.3 million housing units, 13% of which were vacant. Of the total housing units, 52% were in single-unit structures, 45% were in multi-unit structures, and 3% were mobile homes. 25% of the housing units were built since 1990. As of 2019, over 70% of Miami's residents are renters with median rent of $1,355, $180 over the national average.
Households and families: There were 2,338,450 households, The average household size was 2.6 people. Families made up 65% of the households in the Miami area. This figure includes both married-couple families (45%) and other families (20%). Nonfamily households made up 35% of all households in Miami. Most of the nonfamily households were people living alone, but some consisted of people living in households in which no one was related to the householder.
Occupied housing unit characteristics: In 2005, the Miami area had 2.0 million occupied housing units – 1.3 million (66%) owner occupied and 688,000 (34%) renter occupied.
As of 2010, housing costs in the Miami area typically represented 40% of household income, compared to 34% nationwide.[73]
Property tax increase: In March 2009, Miami area lawmakers passed a 5–10% hike in property tax millage rates throughout the metropolitan area to fund the construction of new schools and to fund understaffed schools and educational institutions, resulting in an increase in residents' property tax bills beginning in the 2009 tax year.
Politically, metropolitan Miami is stronglyDemocratic, like most large metropolitan regions in the United States.Broward County is the second-most heavily Democratic county in the state,[74][75] behind onlyGadsden County, which is much smaller. This contrasts with most of the rest of Florida, whose heavier Southern influence and high population of elderly voters makes it aswing orRepublican-leaning state.Miami-Dade County has a relatively high percentage of Republican voters for an urban county, due partially to itsCuban-American population, which leans Republican as a result of its anti-communist views, but Miami-Dade County still remains very Democratic when compared with most ofFlorida's other counties.[76][77][78] Despite being more suburban and affluent,Palm Beach County is reliably Democratic as well and in the 2020 presidential election voted for Democratic candidateJoe Biden by a higher margin than Miami-Dade County did.
In the 2016 presidential election, 62.3% of voters in the Miami metropolitan area voted Democratic. This was the 6th highest of any metro area in the United States.[79] However, in recent years the area has shifted hard to the Republicans, with former president Donald Trump losing the metro area by 16 points in2020 compared to losing it by 30 in 2016 (Fueled especially by Miami Dade County shifting 22 points to the right between 2016 and 2020), and GovernorRon DeSantis winning the metro area outright in the2022 gubernatorial election, winning both Miami Dade and Palm Beach Counties (With the former being won by double digits) while losing Broward only by less than 16 points.
| Year | Democratic | Republican | Third parties |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 49.95%1,360,195 | 48.89%1,331,378 | 1.15%31,387 |
| 2020 | 57.73%1,670,188 | 41.51%1,200,953 | 0.76%22,014 |
| 2016 | 62.32%1,552,139 | 34.82%867,352 | 2.86%71,300 |
| 2012 | 62.53%1,399,403 | 36.84%824,480 | 0.63%14,089 |
The metropolitan area is governed by 3 counties. In total there are 107 municipalities or incorporated places in the metropolis. Each one of the municipalities has its own city, town or village government, although there is no distinction between the 3 names. Much of the land in the metropolis is unincorporated, which means it does not belong to any municipality, and therefore is governed directly by the county it is located in.
The Miami metropolitan area contains all or part of nine Congressional districts: the18th,20th,21st,22nd,23rd,24th,25th,26th, and27th districts.[81] As of 2017[update] (the 113th Congress), theCook Partisan Voting Index listed four as being Republican-leaning: the 18th, 25th, 26th, and 27th, with the 25th being the most Republican-leaning at R+5, and five as being Democratic-leaning: the 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, and 24th, with the 24th being the most Democratic-leaning at D+34, making it the ninth-most Democratic-leaning district in the nation.[82]
| GDP (billion US$) | |
|---|---|
| Miami-Dade County | 239.652[83] |
| Broward County | 162.924[84] |
| Palm Beach County | 131.097[85] |
| Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL (MSA) | 533.674[86] |
Among those employed in the Miami metropolitan area, 32% were management, professional, and related occupations, 30% were sales and office occupations, 18% were service occupations, 11% were construction, extraction, maintenance and repair occupations, and 9% were production, transportation, and material moving occupations. 81% of the people employed were Private wage and salary workers; 12% were Federal, state, or local government workers; and 7% were self-employed.
Themedian income of households in the Miami area was $43,091. 78% of the households received earnings and 13% received retirement income other than Social Security. 30% of the households received Social Security. The average income from Social Security was $13[citation needed]. These income sources are not mutually exclusive; that is, some households received income from more than one source.
In 2005, for the employed population 16 years and older, the leading industries in the Miami area were educational services, health care, and social assistance, which accounted for 18%, and Professional, scientific, and management, and administrative and waste management services, which accounted for 13% of the population. 79% of Miami area workers drove to work alone in 2005, 10% carpooled, 4% took public transportation, and 4% used other means. The remaining 3% worked at home. Among those who commuted to work, it took them on average 28.5 minutes to get to work.
InMiami-Dade County a unique dialect, commonly called the Miami dialect, is widely spoken. The dialect developed among second- or third-generationHispanics, includingCuban-Americans, whose first language wasEnglish, though somenon-Hispanic white,black, andother races who were born and raised in Miami-Dade tend to adopt it as well.[87] It is based on a fairlystandard American accent but with some changes very similar to dialects in theMid-Atlantic, especially theNew York area dialect,Northern New Jersey English, andNew York Latino English. UnlikeVirginia Piedmont, Coastal Southern American, and Northeast American dialects and Florida Cracker dialect of the Miami accent isrhotic; it also incorporates a rhythm and pronunciation heavily influenced bySpanish in which rhythm issyllable-timed.[88]
It is possible to differentiate the Miami accent from a variety ofinterlanguages spoken by second-language speakers. The Miami accent does not generally displayaddition of/ɛ/ before initial consonant clusters with/s/, speakers do not confuse of/dʒ/ with/j/, (e.g.,Yale withjail), and /r/ and /rr/ are pronounced asalveolar approximant [ɹ] instead ofalveolar tap [ɾ] oralveolar trill [r] in Spanish.[89][90][91][92]
The Miami accent is much less common inBroward County andPalm Beach County, where the majority of the population is non-Hispanic.[citation needed]
Greater Miami is served by severalEnglish-language and two majorSpanish-language daily newspapers.The Miami Herald, headquartered inDoral, is Miami's primary newspaper with over a million readers. It also has news bureaus inBroward County,Monroe County, andNassau, Bahamas. TheSouth Florida Sun-Sentinel circulates primarily in Broward and southern Palm Beach counties and also has a news bureau in Havana, Cuba.The Palm Beach Post serves mainly Palm Beach County, especially the central and northern regions, and theTreasure Coast. TheBoca Raton News publishes five days a week and circulates in southern Palm Beach County.[93]El Nuevo Herald, a subsidiary of theMiami Herald, andDiario Las Americas,[94] are Spanish-language daily papers that circulate mainly in Miami-Dade County.La Palma andEl Sentinel are weekly Spanish newspapers published by thePalm Beach Post andSun-Sentinel, respectively, and circulate in the same areas as their English-language counterparts.
There are several university student-run newspapers in the area, includingThe Miami Hurricane at theUniversity of Miami,University Press atFlorida Atlantic University,PantherNOW atFlorida International University, andThe Current atNova Southeastern University.
Greater Miami is split into two separate television/radio markets: The Miami-Fort Lauderdale market serves Miami-Dade, Broward and the Florida Keys. The West Palm Beach market serves Palm Beach County and theTreasure Coast region.
Miami-Fort Lauderdale is the 12th largest radio market and the 16th-largest television market in the U.S. television stations serving the Miami-Fort Lauderdale area includeWAMI-TV (UniMas),WBFS-TV (The CW),WSFL-TV (Independent),WFOR-TV (CBS),WHFT-TV (TBN),WLTV (Univision),WPLG (Independent),WPXM (ION),WSCV (Telemundo),WSVN (FOX, withABC on DT2),WTVJ (NBC),WLRN-TV (PBS), andWPBT (also PBS), the latter television station being the only channel to serve the entire metropolitan area.
In addition to the Miami-Fort Lauderdale market, West Palm Beach has its own. It is the 49th largest radio market and the 38th-largest television market in the U.S. Television stations serving the West Palm Beach area includeWPTV (NBC),WHDT (Independent),WPEC (CBS),WPBF (ABC),WFLX (FOX),WTVX (The CW),WXEL (PBS),WTCN (MyNetworkTV), andWPXP (ION). The West Palm Beach market shares use of WSCV and WLTV for Telemundo and Univision respectively. Also, both markets cross over and tend to be available interchangeably between both areas. In 2015, WPBT and WXEL merged their operations, to formSouth Florida PBS, although both stations have maintained separate programming schedules and social media platforms, but share the same subchannel lineup.
In Florida, each county is also aschool district. Each district is headed by an electedschool board. A professionalsuperintendent manages the day-to-day operations of each district, who is appointed by and serves at the pleasure of the school board.
TheMiami-Dade County Public School District is currently the4th-largest public school district in the nation. TheSchool District of Palm Beach County is the 4th-largest in Florida and the 11th-largest in the United States.Broward County Public School District is the 6th-largest in the United States.
TheUniversity of Miami is one of the top-ranked private research institutions in the United States, and has the most selective admissions standards of Florida's 171 colleges and universities.[95]
As of 2023[update],Florida International University, with over 55,000 enrolled students, is theeighth-largest public university by enrollment in the nation.
Some colleges and universities in Greater Miami include:
In 2005, 82% of people 25 years and over had at least graduated from high school and 28% had abachelor's degree or higher. Among people 16 to 19 years old, 7% weredropouts; they were not enrolled in school and had not graduated from high school. The total school enrollment in the Miami metro area was 1.4 million in 2005. Nursery school andkindergarten enrollment was 170,000 and elementary or high school enrollment was 879,000. College or graduate school enrollment was 354,000.
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The Miami metropolitan area is served by fiveinterstate highways operated by theFlorida Department of Transportation in conjunction with local agencies.I-95 runs north to south along the coast, ending just south ofDowntown Miami atSouth Dixie Highway (US 1).I-75 runs east to west, turning south in western Broward County and connecting suburban north Miami-Dade toNaples on theSouthwest Coast viaAlligator Alley, which transverses the FloridaEverglades before turning north.I-595 connects the Broward coast and DowntownFort Lauderdale to I-75 and Alligator Alley. In Miami,I-195 andI-395 relay the main I-95 route east toBiscayne Boulevard (US 1) andMiami Beach acrossBiscayne Bay via theJulia Tuttle andMacArthurcauseways.
In Greater Miami, theMiami-Dade Expressway Authority andFlorida's Turnpike Enterprise maintain eightstate expressways in conjunction with the Florida Department of Transportation. TheAirport Expressway and theDolphin Expressway relay western Miami-Dade suburbs to the eastern urban coast at I-95, and to Miami Beach via I-195 and I-395 at the Airport andMidtowninterchanges. TheGratigny Parkway connects northern Miami suburbs to the southern end of I-75. ThePalmetto Expressway is the primarybeltway road of urban Miami, relaying I-95 andFlorida's Turnpike at theGolden Glades Interchange near northeasternNorth Miami Beach to the southern inland suburbs ofKendall andPinecrest. TheDon Shula Expressway and theHomestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike form the southernmost end of the beltway, connecting the Palmetto Expressway to thebedroom communities ofHomestead andFlorida City. TheSnapper Creek Expressway relays the Don Shula Expressway to South Dixie Highway (US 1).
The urbanbypass expressway in Greater Fort Lauderdale is theSawgrass Expressway (SR 869), connecting the northern Broward County coast at I-95 andDeerfield Beach to I-595 and I-75 at Alligator Alley inSunrise.
Express lanes on I-95 start inMiami-Dade County and continue intoBroward County. With an increased presence of traffic in South Florida, express lanes have been implemented in southernPalm Beach County.
I-95
I-75
I-195 /
SR 112 (Airport Expressway)
I-395 /
SR 836 (Dolphin Expressway)
I-595 (Port Everglades Expressway)
Florida's Turnpike, including theHomestead Extension
SR 924 (Gratigny Parkway)
SR 874 (Don Shula Expressway)
SR 878 (Snapper Creek Expressway)
SR 869 (Sawgrass Expressway)
SR 826 (Palmetto Expressway)The metropolitan area is served by three major commercial airports. These airports combine to make the fourth largest domestic origin and destination market in the United States, after New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago.[96]
| Airport | IATA code | County | FAA Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| Miami International Airport | MIA | Miami-Dade | Large Hub |
| Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport | FLL | Broward | Large Hub |
| Palm Beach International Airport | PBI | Palm Beach | Medium Hub |
The following smaller general aviation airports are also in the metro area:
| Airport | IATA code | ICAO code | County |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dade-Collier Training and Transition Airport | TNT | KTNT | Miami-Dade |
| Miami Homestead General Aviation Airport | Miami-Dade | ||
| Homestead Joint Air Reserve Base | HST | KHST | Miami-Dade |
| Miami Executive Airport | TMB | KTMB | Miami-Dade |
| Miami-Opa Locka Executive Airport | OPF | KOPF | Miami-Dade |
| Fort Lauderdale Executive Airport | FXE | KFXE | Broward |
| North Perry Airport | HWO | KHWO | Broward |
| Pompano Beach Airpark | PPM | KPMP | Broward |
| North Palm Beach County General Aviation Airport | Palm Beach | ||
| Palm Beach County Park Airport | LNA | KLNA | Palm Beach |
| Boca Raton Airport | BCT | KBCT | Palm Beach |
The metropolis also has four seaports, the largest and most important being thePort of Miami. Others in the area includePort Everglades,Port of Palm Beach and theMiami River Port. On August 21, 2012, PortMiami and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers signed the Partnership Agreement construction agreement that will allow the Deep Dredge project to go out for bid. The Deep Dredge will deepen the Port's existing channels to minus 50/52 feet to prepare for the Panama Canal expansion, now scheduled for completion in early 2015. PortMiami's deeper channel will provide ships with an economically efficient, reliable and safe navigational route into the Port. PortMiami will be the only U.S. Port south of Norfolk, Virginia to be at the minus 50 foot depth in sync with the opening of the expanded Canal. Deep Dredge is expected to create more than 30,000 direct, indirect, and induced jobs in Florida and allow the Port to meet its goal to double its cargo traffic over the next decade.
Miami-Dade Transit is the largest public transit agency in Florida, operatingrapid transit,people movers, and anintercity bus system. Metrorail is Florida's onlyrapid transit, currently with 23 stations on a 24.4-mile (39.3 km) track. TheDowntown Miamipeople mover, Metromover, operates 20 stations and three lines on a 4.4-mile (7.1 km) track through the Downtownneighborhoods of theArts & Entertainment District, theCentral Business District, andBrickell. Metrobus serves the entirety of Miami-Dade County, also servingMonroe County as far south asMarathon, andBroward County as far north as Downtown Fort Lauderdale. In Broward County,Broward County Transit runs public buses, as doesPalm Tran in Palm Beach County. Additionally, theSouth Florida Regional Transportation Authority operates Tri-Rail, a commuter rail train that connects the three of the primary cities of South Florida (Miami, Fort Lauderdale, and West Palm Beach), and most intermediate points.Brightline provides service toMiami,Aventura,West Palm Beach,Fort Lauderdale,Boca Raton, and Central Florida'sOrlando, with talks to expand toTampa andJacksonville.[97][98]
The Miami metro area is home to five major league professional sports teams.
| Professional team | League | Sport | Venue | City | Established | Championships |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Miami Dolphins | National Football League (NFL) | Football | Hard Rock Stadium | Miami Gardens | 1966 | 2 |
| Inter Miami CF | Major League Soccer (MLS) | Soccer | Chase Stadium | Fort Lauderdale | 2020 | 0 |
| Miami Heat | National Basketball Association (NBA) | Basketball | Kaseya Center | Downtown Miami | 1988 | 3 |
| Miami Marlins | Major League Baseball (MLB) | Baseball | LoanDepot Park | Little Havana | 1993 | 2 |
| Florida Panthers | National Hockey League (NHL) | Hockey | Amerant Bank Arena | Sunrise | 1993 | 2 |
The most prominent college sports program in the Miami metropolitan area are theMiami Hurricanes of theUniversity of Miami inCoral Gables, who compete inDivision I of theNational Collegiate Athletic Association, the highest level of collegiate athletics.[99] The University of Miami'sfootball team has won five national championships since 1983 and itsbaseball team has won four national championships since 1982.
Other collegiate sports programs in the metropolitan area include theFlorida Atlantic Owls ofFlorida Atlantic University inBoca Raton, theFIU Panthers ofFlorida International University inUniversity Park, theNova Southeastern Sharks ofNova Southeastern University inDavie, and theBarry Buccaneers ofBarry University inMiami Shores.
The Miami area is also host to minor league sports teams, including:
| Club | Sport | League | Venue (Capacity) | Attendance | League Championships |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Miami Dolphins | Football | National Football League | Hard Rock Stadium (64,767) | 70,035 | Super Bowl (2) — 1972, 1973 |
| Miami Heat | Basketball | National Basketball Association | Kaseya Center (19,600) | 19,710 | NBA Finals (3) — 2006, 2012, 2013 |
| Miami Marlins | Baseball | Major League Baseball | LoanDepot Park (36,742) | 21,386 | World Series (2) — 1997, 2003 |
| Inter Miami CF | Soccer | Major League Soccer | Chase Stadium (21,550) | 21,550 | None |
| Florida Panthers | Hockey | National Hockey League | Amerant Bank Arena (19,250) | 19,250 | Stanley Cup (2) — 2024, 2025 |
| Miami Hurricanes | Football | NCAA D-I (ACC) | Hard Rock Stadium (64,767) | 53,837 | National titles (5) — 1983, 1987, 1989, 1991, 2001 |
| Florida Atlantic Owls | Football | NCAA D-1 (AAC) | Flagler Credit Union Stadium (29,571) | 18,948 | None |
| FIU Panthers | Football | NCAA D-I (Conference USA) | Pitbull Stadium (23,500) | 15,453 | None |
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