Metro Detroit | ||
|---|---|---|
| Detroit–Warren–Dearborn, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area | ||
.jpg) Downtown Detroit seen fromWindsor, Ontario, in November 2021 | ||
 Interactive Map of Detroit–Warren–Ann Arbor, MICSA
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| Country | United States | |
| State | Michigan | |
| Principal city | Detroit | |
| Counties | ||
| Area | ||
| • Urban | 1,284.8 sq mi (3,328 km2) | |
| • MSA | 3,888.4 sq mi (10,071 km2) | |
| • CSA | 6,701 sq mi (17,360 km2) | |
| Elevation | 569–1,280 ft (173–390 m) | |
| Population (2020) | ||
| • Urban | 3,776,890 (12th) | |
| • Urban density | 2,939.6/sq mi (1,135.0/km2) | |
| • MSA | 4,392,041 (14th) | |
| • CSA | 5,325,219 (12th) | |
| GDP | ||
| • MSA | $305.412 billion (2022) | |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (EST) | |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) | |
| Area codes | 248,313,586,734,810,947 | |
| Website | visitdetroit | |
Metro Detroit is a majormetropolitan area in the U.S. state ofMichigan, consisting of the city ofDetroit and over 200 municipalities in thesurrounding area.[2] There are varied definitions of the area, including the official statistical areas designated by theOffice of Management and Budget, a federal agency of the United States.
Metro Detroit is known for its automotive heritage, arts, entertainment, popular music, food, cultural diversity, and sports. The area includes a variety of natural landscapes, parks, and beaches, with a recreational coastline linking theGreat Lakes. Metro Detroit also has one of the largest metropolitan economies in the U.S. with 17Fortune 500 companies.
TheDetroit Urban Area, which serves as the metropolitan area's core, ranks as the12th most populous in the United States, with a population of 3,776,890 as of the2020 census and an area of 1,284.83 square miles (3,327.7 km2).[3] This urbanized area covers parts of the counties ofMacomb,Oakland, andWayne.[4] These counties are sometimes referred to as theDetroit Tri-County Area and had a population of 3,862,888 as of the2010 census with an area of 1,967.1 square miles (5,095 km2).
TheOffice of Management and Budget (OMB), a federal agency of the United States, defines theDetroit–Warren–DearbornMetropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) as the sixcounties ofLapeer,Livingston, Macomb, Oakland,St. Clair, and Wayne. As of the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 4,296,250 with an area of 3,913 square miles (10,130 km2).
| County | Seat | 2024 Estimate | 2020 Census | Change | Area | Density |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wayne | Detroit | 1,771,063 | 1,793,561 | −1.25% | 612.08 sq mi (1,585.3 km2) | 2,894/sq mi (1,117/km2) |
| Oakland | Pontiac | 1,296,888 | 1,274,395 | +1.76% | 867.66 sq mi (2,247.2 km2) | 1,495/sq mi (577/km2) |
| Macomb | Mt. Clemens | 886,175 | 881,287 | +0.55% | 479.22 sq mi (1,241.2 km2) | 1,849/sq mi (714/km2) |
| Livingston | Howell | 196,976 | 193,866 | +1.60% | 565.25 sq mi (1,464.0 km2) | 348/sq mi (135/km2) |
| St. Clair | Port Huron | 160,308 | 160,383 | −0.05% | 721.17 sq mi (1,867.8 km2) | 222/sq mi (86/km2) |
| Lapeer | Lapeer | 89,168 | 88,619 | +0.62% | 643.01 sq mi (1,665.4 km2) | 139/sq mi (54/km2) |
| Total | 4,400,578 | 4,392,041 | +0.19% | 3,888.39 sq mi (10,070.9 km2) | 1,132/sq mi (437/km2) |
The nine county area designated by the OMB as theDetroit–Warren–Ann ArborCombined Statistical Area (CSA) includes the Detroit–Warren–Dearborn MSA and the three additional counties ofGenesee,Monroe, andWashtenaw (which include the metropolitan areas ofFlint,Monroe, andAnn Arbor, respectively). It had a population of 5,318,744 as of the 2010 census, making it one of the largest metropolitan areas in the United States, covering an area of 5,814 square miles (15,060 km2).Lenawee County was removed from the CSA in 2000, but added back in 2013.[5]
| Statistical Area | 2020 Census | 2010 Census | Change | Area | Density |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area | 4,392,041 | 4,296,250 | +2.23% | 3,888 sq mi (10,070 km2) | 1,130/sq mi (436/km2) |
| Flint, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area (Genesee County) | 406,211 | 425,790 | −4.60% | 650 sq mi (1,700 km2) | 625/sq mi (241/km2) |
| Ann Arbor, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area (Washtenaw County) | 372,258 | 344,791 | +7.97% | 722 sq mi (1,870 km2) | 516/sq mi (199/km2) |
| Monroe, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area (Monroe County) | 154,809 | 152,021 | +1.83% | 722 sq mi (1,870 km2) | 214/sq mi (83/km2) |
| Adrian, MI Micropolitan Statistical Area (Lenawee County) | 99,423 | 99,892 | −0.47% | 761 sq mi (1,970 km2) | 131/sq mi (50/km2) |
| Total | 5,325,219 | 5,196,250 | +2.48% | 6,701 sq mi (17,360 km2) | 795/sq mi (307/km2) |
With the adjacent city ofWindsor, Ontario, and its suburbs, the combinedDetroit–Windsor area has a population of about 5.7 million.[6] When the nearbyToledo metropolitan area and its commuters are taken into account, the region constitutes a much larger population center. An estimated 46 million people live within a 300-mile (480 km) radius of Detroit proper, including the major metropolitan areas of Chicago, Toronto andCleveland.[7] Metro Detroit is at the center of an emergingGreat Lakes Megalopolis.
Conan Smith, a businessperson quoted in a 2012 article byThe Ann Arbor News, stated the most significant reasonWashtenaw County, including Ann Arbor, is not often included in definitions of Metro Detroit is that there is a "lack of affinity that Washtenaw County as a whole has with Wayne County and Detroit or Oakland County and Macomb".[8] Ann Arbor is nearly 43 miles by car fromDowntown Detroit, and developed separately as a university city, with its own character. Smith said that county residents "just don't yet see ourselves as a natural part of that [Detroit] region, so I think it feels a little forced to a lot of people, and they're scared about it".[8]
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Detroit and the surrounding region constitute a major center of commerce and global trade, most notably as home to America's'Big Three' automobile companies:General Motors,Ford, andChrysler. Detroit's six-county Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) has a population of about 4.3 million and a workforce of about 2.1 million.[9] In December 2017, the Department of Labor reported metropolitan Detroit's unemployment rate to be 4.2%.[10] The Detroit MSA had aGross Metropolitan Product (GMP) of $252.7 billion as of September 2017.[11]
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Firms in the region pursueemerging technologies includingbiotechnology,nanotechnology, information technology, andhydrogen fuel cell development.
Metro Detroit is one of the leading health care economies in the U.S., according to a 2003 study measuring health care industry components, with the region's hospital sector ranked fourth in the nation.[12]
Casino gaming plays an important economic role, with Detroit the largest US city to offer casino resort hotels.[13]Caesars Windsor, Canada's largest, complements theMGM Grand Detroit,MotorCity Casino, andHollywood Casino in the city. The casino hotels contribute significant tax revenue along with thousands of jobs for residents. Gaming revenues have grown steadily, with Detroit ranked as the fifth-largest gambling market in the United States for 2007. When Casino Windsor is included, Detroit's gambling market ranks either third or fourth.
There are about four thousand factories in the area.[14] The domestic auto industry is primarily headquartered in Metro Detroit. The area is an important source of engineering job opportunities.[15] A rise in automated manufacturing using robotic technology has created related industries in the area.[16][17]
A 2004 Border Transportation Partnership study showed that 150,000 jobs in theDetroit–Windsor region and $13 billion in annual production depend on the city's international border crossing.[18]
In addition to property taxes, residents of the City of Detroit pay an income tax rate of 2.50%.[19]
Detroit automakers and local manufacturers have made significant restructurings in response to market competition. GM made itsinitial public offering (IPO) of stock in 2010, after bankruptcy,bailout, andrestructuring by the federal government.[20] Domestic automakers reported significant profits in 2010, interpreted by some analysts as the beginning of an industry rebound and an economic recovery for the Detroit area.[21][22][23]
The region's nine-county area, with its population of 5.3 million, has a workforce of about 2.6 million and about 247,000 businesses.[24] FourteenFortune 500 companies are based in metropolitan Detroit.[25] In April 2015, the metropolitan Detroit unemployment rate was 5.1 percent, a rate lower than the New York, Los Angeles, Chicago and Atlanta metropolitan areas.[26]
Metro Detroit has made Michigan's economy a leader in information technology, biotechnology, and advanced manufacturing.Michigan ranks fourth nationally in high-tech employment with 568,000 high-tech workers, including 70,000 in theautomotive industry.[27][28]
Michigan typically ranks second or third in overallResearch & development (R&D) expenditures in the United States.[29][30] Metro Detroit is an important source of engineering and high-tech job opportunities.[31] As the home of the "Big Three" American automakers (General Motors,Ford, andChrysler), it is the world's traditional automotive center and a key pillar of the US economy.[32][33][34] In the 2010s, the domestic auto industry accounts, directly and indirectly, for one of ten jobs in the United States, making it a significant component for economic recovery.[35]
For 2010, the domestic automakers have reported significant profits indicating the beginning of rebound.[21][22][36][37][38]
Metro Detroit serves as the headquarters for theUnited States Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command (TACOM), withSelfridge Air National Guard Base.Detroit Metropolitan Airport (DTW) is one of America's largest and most recently modernized facilities, with six major runways, Boeing 747 maintenance facilities, and an attached Westin Hotel and Conference Center.
Detroit is a major U.S. port[39] with an extensive toll-free expressway system.[40][41] A 2004 Border Transportation Partnership study showed that 150,000 jobs in the Detroit-Windsor region and $13 billion in annual production depend on Detroit's international border crossing.[42] A source of top talent, theUniversity of Michigan inAnn Arbor is one of the world's leading research institutions,[43] andWayne State University in Detroit has the largest single-campus medical school in the United States.[44]
Metro Detroit is a prominent business center, with major commercial districts such as theDetroit Financial District andRenaissance Center, theSouthfield Town Center, and the historicNew Center district with theFisher Building andCadillac Place. Among the major companies based in the area, aside from the major automotive companies, areBorgWarner (Auburn Hills),Rocket Mortgage (Downtown Detroit),Ally Financial (Downtown Detroit),Carhartt (Dearborn), andShinola (Detroit).
IBM and Google are among the technology companies with a major presence in Metro Detroit.HP Enterprise Services makes Detroit its regional headquarters, and one of its largest global employment locations. The metropolitan Detroit area has one of the nation's largest office markets with 147,082,003 square feet.[45]Chrysler's largest corporate facility is its U.S. headquarters and technology center in the Detroit suburb of Auburn Hills, whileFord Motor Company is inDearborn, directly adjacent to Detroit. In the decade leading up to 2006, downtown Detroit gained more than $15 billion in new investment from private and public sectors.[46]
Tourism is an important component of the region's culture and economy, providing about nine percent of the area's two million jobs. About 15.9 million people visit metro Detroit annually, spending about $4.8 billion.[47] Detroit is the largest city or metro area in the U.S. to offer casino resort hotels (MGM Grand Detroit,MotorCity Casino,Hollywood Casino, and nearbyCaesars Windsor).[13]
Metro Detroit is a tourist destination that easily accommodates super-sized crowds to events such as theWoodward Dream Cruise,North American International Auto Show,Youmacon, theWindsor-Detroit International Freedom Festival,2009 NCAA Final Four, andSuper Bowl XL. TheDetroit International Riverfront links theRenaissance Center to a series of venues, parks, restaurants, and hotels. In 2006, the four-day Motown Winter Blast drew a cold weather crowd of about 1.2 million people toCampus Martius Park area downtown.[48]
Detroit'smetroparks include fresh water beaches, such asMetropolitan Beach,Kensington Beach, andStony Creek Beach. Metro Detroit offers canoeing through theHuron-Clinton Metroparks. Sports enthusiasts can enjoy downhill and cross-county skiing at Alpine Valley Ski Resort, Mt. Brighton, Mt. Holly, and Pine Knob Ski Resort.
TheDetroit River International Wildlife Refuge is the only internationalwildlife preserve in North America that is located in the heart of a major metropolitan area. The Refuge includes islands, coastal wetlands, marshes, shoals, and waterfront lands along 48 miles (77 km) of theDetroit River andWestern Lake Erie shoreline.
Metro Detroit contains a number ofshopping malls, including the upscaleSomerset Collection in Troy,Great Lakes Crossing Outlets in Auburn Hills, andTwelve Oaks Mall in Novi, all of which are draws for tourists.
The region's leading attraction isThe Henry Ford, located in the Detroit suburb of Dearborn; it is America's largest indoor-outdoor museum complex.[49][50]
The recent renovation of theRenaissance Center, and related construction of a state-of-the-art cruise ship dock, new stadiums, and a newRiverWalk, have stimulated related private economic development. Nearby Windsor has a 19-year-old drinking age with a myriad of entertainment to complement Detroit'sGreektown district. Some analysts believe that tourism planners have yet to tap the full economic power of the estimated 46 million people who live within a 300-mile (480-km) radius of Detroit.[7][51]
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| Self-identified race | Percent of population | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Hispanic white | 63.7% | |||
| Hispanic and Latino (of any race) | 5.0% | |||
| Black or African American | 21.8% | |||
| Asian | 4.8% | |||
| Two or more races | 5.9% | |||
| Native Americans and Alaska Natives | 0.3% | |||
| Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders | 0.02% | |||
Metro Detroit is a six-countymetropolitan statistical area (MSA) with a population of 4,392,041—making it the14th-largest MSA in the United States as enumerated by the2020 United States Census.[52]
The Detroit region is a ten-countyCombined Statistical Area (CSA) with a population of 5,325,219—making it the12th-largest CSA in the United States as enumerated by the 2020 Census.[52]
TheDetroit–Windsor area, a commercial link straddling theCanada-U.S. border, has a total population of about 5,700,000.[53]
As of the census of 2010, there were 4,296,250 people, 1,682,111 households, and 1,110,454 families residing within the metropolitan statistical area. The census reported 70.1%White, 22.8%African American, 0.3%Native American, 3.3%Asian, 0.02%Pacific Islander, 1.2% fromother races, and 2.2% from two or more races.Hispanic orLatino of any race were 6.2% of the population.Arab Americans were at least 4.7% of the region's population (consideredwhite in the US Census).
As of the 2010American Community Survey estimates, the median income for a household in the MSA was $48,198, and the median income for a family was $62,119. The per capita income for the MSA was $25,403. The region's foreign-born population sat at 8.6%. The region contains the largest concentration ofArab-Americans in the United States, particularly inDearborn. The metro area also has the 25th largestJewish population worldwide.
In 1701, French officerAntoine de La Mothe Cadillac, along with fifty-one additionalFrench-Canadians, founded a settlement calledFort Ponchartrain duDétroit, naming it after thecomte de Pontchartrain, Minister of Marine underLouis XIV. The French legacy can be observed today in the names of many area cities (ex. Detroit,Grosse Pointe,Grosse Ile) and streets (ex.Gratiot, Beaubien, St. Antoine, Cadieux). Later came an influx of persons of British and German descent, followed byPolish,Irish,Italian,Lebanese,Assyrian,Greek,Jewish,Maltese, andBelgian immigrants who made their way to the area in the early 20th century and during and afterWorld War II.[54] There was a large migration of African Americans into the city from the ruralSouth duringThe Great Migration and following World War I.[54]
Today, the Detroit suburbs inOakland County,Macomb County, and northeastern and northwestern Wayne County are predominantly ethnic European American. Oakland County is among the most affluent counties in the United States, with a population of more than one million.[55] InWayne County, the city of Dearborn has a large concentration ofArab Americans, mainlyShi'ite MuslimLebanese, whose ancestors immigrated here in the early 20th century. Recently,[when?] the area has witnessed some growth in ethnicAlbanian,Asian andHispanic populations.[citation needed]
Metro Detroit has a sizeable population ofIndian Americans, with an estimated 1.5% of the population being of Indian descent.Indians Americans in Metro Detroit are employed in various engineering and medical fields.
In the 2000s, 115 of the 185 cities and townships in Metro Detroit were more than 95% white. African Americans have also moved to the suburbs: in 2000 44% of the more than 240,000 suburban blacks lived inInkster,Pontiac,Oak Park, andSouthfield.[56]
The largest airport in the area isDetroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport (DTW) inRomulus, aninternational airport that serves as a commercial hub forDelta Air Lines andSpirit Airlines.
The other airports in the metropolitan area are:
Bus service for the metropolitan area is provided jointly by theDetroit Department of Transportation (DDOT) andSuburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation (SMART) which operate under a cooperative service and fare agreement. The elevatedDetroit People Mover encirclesdowntown providing service to numerous downtown hotels, offices and attractions. TheQLine began service in 2017 to provide service between downtown and New Center, and the proposedAnn Arbor–Detroit Regional Rail would extend from Detroit'sNew Center area toThe Henry Ford,Dearborn,Detroit Metropolitan Airport,Ypsilanti, andAnn Arbor[57] TheRegional Transit Authority (RTA) was established in December 2012 to coordinate the services of all existing transit providers, and to develop abus rapid transit service alongWoodward Avenue.
The AmtrakWolverine provides passenger rail service from Chicago to Pontiac. Stops in Metro Detroit include Ann Arbor, Dearborn, Detroit, Royal Oak, Troy, and Pontiac.[58]
The Metro Detroit area is linked by an advanced network of major roads andfreeways which includeInterstate highways. Traditionally, Detroiters refer to some of their freeways by name rather than route number. The Davison, Lodge, and Southfield freeways are almost always referred to by name rather than route number. Detroiters commonly precede freeway names with the word 'the' as in the Lodge, the Southfield, and the Davison. Those without names are referred to by number.
Surface street navigation in Metro Detroit is commonly anchored by "mile roads", major east–west surface streets that are spaced at one-mile (1.6 km) intervals and increment as one travels north and away from the city center. Mile roads sometimes have two names, the numeric name (ex. 15 Mile Road) used in Macomb County and a local name (ex. Maple Road) used in Oakland County mostly.
The principal City of Detroit has struggled with high crime for decades. About half of all murders in Michigan in 2015 occurred in Detroit.[59][60] Since 2013, the FBI has reported a 26% decrease in property crimes and a 27% decrease in violent crimes.[61]
Professional sports has a major fan following in Metro Detroit. The area is home to many sports teams, including seven professional teams in five major sports. The area's several universities field teams in a variety of sports.Michigan Stadium, home of theMichigan Wolverines, is the largestAmerican football stadium in the world. Metro Detroit hosts many annual sporting events including auto and hydroplane racing. The area has hosted many major sporting events, including the1994 FIFA World Cup,Super Bowl XVI,Super Bowl XL,Wrestlemania 23, the2005 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, manyStanley Cup Championship rounds, the first two games of the2006 World Series, and the last two games of the2012 World Series.
TheMichigan International Speedway inBrooklyn hosts variousAuto racing:NASCAR,INDYCAR, andARCA.TheDetroit River hostsHydroplane racing held by theAPBA for theDetroit APBA Gold Cup.
Metro Detroit is served by nine telephone area codes (six not including Windsor). The313 area code, which used to encompass all of Southeast Michigan, is today confined exclusively to the City of Detroit and several neighboring Wayne County suburbs.
[Detroit] is the automobile capital of the world
Oakland County also ranks as the fourth wealthiest county in the nation among counties with populations of more than one million people.
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| Topics | .jpg) | |
|---|---|---|
| Detroit | ||
| Municipalities over 80,000 | ||
| Municipalities 40,000 to 80,000 | ||
| Cultural enclaves | ||
| Satellite cities | ||
| Counties in MSA | ||
| Counties in CSA | ||
Great Lakes megalopolis as defined by theRPA | ||
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Includes all metropolitan areas that have a population of 150,000 or greater according to the most recent national census. | ||
| Great Lakes region cities |  | |
| Surrounding cities |
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| Cities of states south of region | ||
| Other metro-regions | ||
42°26′48″N83°7′30″W / 42.44667°N 83.12500°W /42.44667; -83.12500
