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Methuselah-like proteins

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Found in insects that play a role in aging and reproduction

Protein family

MethuselahN-terminus

Structure of theectodomain of Methuselah, aDrosophila G protein-coupled receptor associated with extended lifespan^[1]

Identifiers

Symbol

Methuselah_N

1fjr /SCOPe /SUPFAM

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures /ECOD
PDB	RCSB PDB;PDBe;PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary
PDB	1fjr

TheMethuselah-like proteins are a family ofG protein-coupled receptors found in insects that play a role in aging and reproduction.Antagonizing these receptors can extend the life span of the animal and make it more resistant to free radicals and starvation, but also reduce reproduction and increase cold sensitivity. The age dependent decline in olfaction and motor function is unaffected.^[2]

Methuselah-like proteins are related to G protein-coupled receptors of thesecretin receptor family.^[1]

References

[edit]

^^a ^bWest AP, Llamas LL, Snow PM, Benzer S, Bjorkman PJ (March 2001)."Crystal structure of the ectodomain of Methuselah, a Drosophila G protein-coupled receptor associated with extended lifespan".Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.98 (7):3744–9.Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.3744W.doi:10.1073/pnas.051625298.PMC 31123.PMID 11274391.
^Alic N, Partridge L (2007)."Antagonizing Methuselah to extend life span".Genome Biology.8 (8): 222.doi:10.1186/gb-2007-8-8-222.PMC 2374980.PMID 17764591.

Cell surface receptor:G protein-coupled receptors

Class A:Rhodopsin-like

Neurotransmitter

Adrenergic	α1 (A B D) α2 (A B C) β1 β2 β3
Purinergic	Adenosine (A1 A2A A2B A3) P2Y (1 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14)
Serotonin	(all but5-HT3)5-HT1 (A B D E F) 5-HT2 (A B C) 5-HT (4 5A 6 7)
Other	Acetylcholine (M1 M2 M3 M4 M5) Dopamine D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 GHB receptor Histamine H1 H2 H3 H4 Melatonin (1A 1B 1C) TAAR (1 2 5 6 8 9)

Metabolites and
signaling molecules

Eicosanoid	CysLT (1 2) LTB4 1 2 FPRL1 OXE Prostaglandin DP (1 2),EP (1 2 3 4),FP Prostacyclin Thromboxane
Other	Bile acid Cannabinoid (CB1 CB2,GPR (18 55 119)) EBI2 Estrogen Free fatty acid (1 2 3 4) Hydroxycarboxylic acids 1 2 3 Lysophosphatidic acid (1 2 3 4 5 6) Lysophospholipid (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8) Oxoglutarate PAF Sphingosine-1-phosphate (1 2 3 4 5) Succinate

Peptide

Neuropeptide

B/W (1
2)
FF (1
2)
S
Y (1
2
4
5)
Neuromedin (B
U (1
2))
Neurotensin (1
2)

Other

Anaphylatoxin (C3a
C5a (1
2))
Angiotensin (1
2)
Apelin
Bombesin
- BRS3
- GRPR
- NMBR)
- Bradykinin (B1
- B2)
Chemerin
- 1
- 2
Chemokine
Cholecystokinin (A
B)
Endothelin
- A
- B
Formyl peptide (1
2
3)
FSH
Galanin (1
2
3)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1
2)
Ghrelin
Kisspeptin
Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin
MAS (1
1L
D
E
F
G
X1
X2
X3
X4)
Melanocortin (1
2
3
4
5)
MCHR (1
2)
Motilin
Opioid (Delta
Kappa
Mu
Nociceptin &Zeta, but notSigma)
Orexin (1
2)
Oxytocin
Prokineticin (1
2)
Prolactin-releasing peptide
Relaxin (1
2
3
4)
Somatostatin (1
2
3
4
5)
Tachykinin (1
2
3)
Thyrotropin
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Urotensin-II
Vasopressin (1A
1B
2)

Miscellaneous

Taste, bitter	TAS2R 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 13 14 16 19 20 30 31 38 39 40 41 42 43 45 46 50 60 Vomeronasal receptor type 1
Orphan	GPR (3 4 6 12 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 26 27 31 32 33 34 35 37 39 42 45 50 52 55 61 62 63 65 68 75 78 82 83 84 85 87 88 101 103 109A 119 132 135 137B 139 141 142 146 148 149 150 151 152 153 160 161 162 171 173 174 176 177 182 183)
Other	Adrenomedullin Olfactory Opsin (3 4 5 1LW 1MW 1SW RGR RRH) Protease-activated (1 2 3 4) SREB (1 2 3)

Class B:Secretin-like

Adhesion	ADGRB Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 2 3 ADGRC Cadherin 1 2 3 ADGRE EMR 1 2 3 CD97 ADGRG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ADGRL Latrophilin 1 2 3 ELTD1
Orphan	GPR (56 64 97 98 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 123 124 125 126 128 133 143 144 155 157)
Other	Calcitonin CALCRL Corticotropin-releasing hormone (1 2) Glucagon (GR GIPR GLP1R GLP2R) Growth-hormone-releasing hormone PACAPR1 GPR Methuselah-like proteins Parathyroid hormone (1 2) Secretin Vasoactive intestinal peptide (1 2)

Class C:Metabotropic glutamate /pheromone

Taste, sweet	TAS1R 1 2 3 Vomeronasal receptor, type 2
Other	Calcium-sensing receptor GABA_B (1 2) Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8)) GPRC6A GPR (156 158 179) RAIG (1 2 3 4)

Class F:Frizzled &Smoothened

Frizzled	Frizzled (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10)
Smoothened	Smoothened

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