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Mersekhemre Ined

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Egyptian pharaoh
Mersekhemre Ined
Mersekhemre Neferhotep II?
Statue of Mersekhemre Neferhotep II, who could be the same person as Mersekhemre Ined. Discovered in the Karnak cachette, now on display in the Egyptian Museum, CG 42024.
Statue of Mersekhemre Neferhotep II, who could be the same person as Mersekhemre Ined. Discovered in the Karnak cachette, now on display in theEgyptian Museum, CG 42024.
Pharaoh
Reign3 years, 1 to 4 months and 1 day (c. 17th century BC)
PredecessorSankhenre Sewadjtu
SuccessorSewadjkare Hori
Praenomen
Mersekhemre[1][2]
Mr-sḫm-Rˁ
He who loves the power ofRa
M23
t
L2
t
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raU7sxm
>

Turin canon: Mersekhemre Ined
Mr.j-sḫm-Rˁ-ind
He who loves the power of Ra, Ined
M23
t
L2
t
<
raU7
r
sxmZ1iin
n
d
wr
>
Nomen
(if the same person as Neferhotep II) Neferhotep
Nfr-ḥtp
Perfect and content
G39N5
nfrHtp
tp
Dynasty13th Dynasty

Mersekhemre Ined was apharaoh of the late13th Dynasty, possibly the thirty-fifth king of this dynasty.[1] As such he would have reigned fromMemphis over Middle and Upper Egypt for a short time either during the early or mid-17th century, from 1672 until 1669 BC[3] or from 1651 until 1648 BC.[4] He may be the same king asMersekhemre Neferhotep II.

Reign

[edit]

The identity of Mersekhemre Ined with respect to Neferhotep II is still in doubt.

Mersekhemre Neferhotep

[edit]

Two royal statues of a king named Mersekhemre Neferhotep were uncovered byGeorges Legrain in 1903 in the Karnak Cachette and are now in theEgyptian Museum, CG 42023 and CG 42024.[5][6]

Statue CG 42023 of Mersekhemre Neferhotep II, possibly the same person as Mersekhemre Ined.

Non-contemporary attestation

[edit]

According to the latest reading of the Turin canon byKim Ryholt, Mersekhemre Ined reigned for 3 years, 1 to 4 months and 1 day.[3]

Theories

[edit]

He likely ruled Middle and Upper Egypt while theHyksos14th or15th Dynasty probably already controlled large parts of theDelta region during Mersekhemre Ined's time on the throne in the late 13th Dynasty.

Additionally, a king Mersekhemre Ined is mentioned in entry 7.6 of theTurin Canon and a king Mersekhemre appears in theKarnak king list, entry VI, 2. EgyptologistsJürgen von Beckerath, Detlef Franke,Jacques Kinnaer, Rolf Krauss andDonald B. Redford conclude that the Mersekhemre Ined of the Turin canon and Mersekhemre Neferhotep are one and the same person.[7] In contrast,Kim Ryholt sees in these documents the references to two distinct rulers with the same official royal name, as for example in the case of MerhotepreSobekhotep V andMerhotepre Ini. Rather, Ryholt identifies Neferhotep II with a king "Mer...re" on column 8 row 16 of the Turin canon, which would place Neferhotep II at the very end of the 13th Dynasty, possibly the dynasty's 46th ruler.[1] However, this entry of the Turin canon may refer toMershepsesre Ini II instead, with Neferhotep II being the same king as Mersekhemre Ined.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdDarrell D. Baker:The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I - Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300 - 1069 BC, Stacey International,ISBN 978-1-905299-37-9, (2008), p. 137.
  2. ^Titulary of InedArchived 2011-11-24 at theWayback Machine
  3. ^abK.S.B. Ryholt,The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period, c.1800-1550 BC, (Carsten Niebuhr Institute Publications, vol. 20. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, (1997), p.71 & p.192.ISBN 87-7289-421-0.ISSN 0902-5499.LCCN 98-198517.OL 474149M.
  4. ^Schneider, Thomas:Lexikon der Pharaonen. (2nd) (in German)ISBN 978-3491960534.OL 20721418M.
  5. ^The Karnak cachette on theInstitut Francais d'Archeologie Orientale,CG 42023 Retrieved 2 June 2025.
  6. ^The Karnak cachette on theInstitut Francais d'Archeologie Orientale,CG 42024 Retrieved 2 June 2025.
  7. ^Beckerath, Jürgen von:Untersuchungen zur politischen Geschichte der zweiten Zwischenzeit in Ägypten. Glückstadt (in German) (1964), p. 60, 254 (XIII 30).
Preceded byPharaoh of Egypt
Thirteenth Dynasty
Succeeded by
Period
Dynasty
  • Pharaohs
    • male
    • female
  • uncertain
Protodynastic
(pre-3150 BC)
Lower
Upper
Early Dynastic
(3150–2686 BC)
I
II
Old Kingdom
(2686–2181 BC)
III
IV
V
VI
1st Intermediate
(2181–2040 BC)
VII/VIII
IX
X
Period
Dynasty
  • Pharaohs
    • male
    • female
  • uncertain
Middle Kingdom
(2040–1802 BC)
XI
Nubia
XII
2nd Intermediate
(1802–1550 BC)
XIII
XIV
XV
XVI
Abydos
XVII
Period
Dynasty
  • Pharaohs  (male
  • female)
  • uncertain
New Kingdom
(1550–1070 BC)
XVIII
XIX
XX
3rd Intermediate
(1069–664 BC)
XXI
High Priests of Amun
XXII
Lines of XXII/XXIII
XXIII
XXIV
XXV
Late toRoman Period(664 BC–313 AD)
Period
Dynasty
  • Pharaohs
    • male
    • female
  • uncertain
Late
(664–332 BC)
XXVI
XXVII
XXVIII
XXIX
XXX
XXXI
Hellenistic
(332–30 BC)
Argead
Ptolemaic
Roman
(30 BC–313 AD)
XXXIV
Dynastic genealogies
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