| Mercedes V6 turbo-hybrid power unit[1] | |
|---|---|
.jpg) The Mercedes M10 power unit, used in the 2019 season | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Mercedes-AMG High Performance Powertrains |
| Production | 2014–present |
| Layout | |
| Configuration | V-6 singlehybrid turbocharged engine, 90° cylinder angle |
| Displacement | 1.6 L (98 cu in) |
| Cylinder bore | 80 mm (3.15 in) |
| Piston stroke | 53 mm (2.09 in) |
| Cylinder block material | Aluminum alloy |
| Cylinder head material | Aluminum alloy |
| Valvetrain | 24-valve (four-valves per cylinder),DOHC |
| Compression ratio | under 18:1 |
| RPM range | |
| Idle speed | 5,000rpm |
| Max. engine speed | 15,000rpm |
| Combustion | |
| Turbocharger | Hybrid turbocharger with 350–500 kPa (3.5–5.0 bar) boost pressure |
| Fuel system | 50 MPa; 7,252 psi (500 bar)gasoline direct injection |
| Management | McLaren TAG-320 (2014-2018) later TAG-320B (2019-present) |
| Fuel type | Petronas Primax unleaded gasoline 94.25% + 5.75%biofuel[2] andMobil (McLaren only in 2014) |
| Oil system | Dry sump |
| Cooling system | Single water pump |
| Output | |
| Power output | 626–768 kW (840–1,030 hp) |
| Torque output | Approx. 600–822 N⋅m (443–606 ft⋅lb) |
| Dimensions | |
| Dry weight | 145–150 kg (320–331 lb) overall including headers, clutch, ECU, spark box or filters |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Mercedes-Benz FO engine |
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TheMercedes V6 hybrid Formula One power unit is a series of 1.6-litre,hybrid turbochargedV6racingengines which features both akinetic energy recovery system (MGU-K) and aheat energy recovery system (MGU-H), developed and produced byMercedes-AMG High Performance Powertrains for use inFormula One. The engines were in use since the2014 season by theMercedes works team. Over years of development, engine power was increased from 630 kW (840 hp) at 15,000 rpm, to 770 kW (1,030 hp) at 15,000 rpm. Customer team engines were used byWilliams,McLaren,Lotus,Manor Racing,Force India,Racing Point Force India,Racing Point andAston Martin. Their most recent championship victories are in2020 (Drivers') and2024 (Constructors').
Enduring a successful run since the 2014 season, the Mercedes V6 Hybrid engine has become one of the most successfulFormula One engines of all time.[3] It broke the record for most wins in a season in2016 (this record has since been surpassed byHonda withRed Bull Racing in2023), as well as among many other majorconstructor anddriver F1 records. Notably,Lewis Hamilton won a record-breaking sixdrivers' championships andthe Mercedes factory team won a record-breaking eight consecutiveconstructors' championships powered by Mercedes V6 hybrid engines.
| Season | Name | Format | Peak power @ rpm Including hybrid system where applicable | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | Mercedes-Benz PU106A | 1.600 L 90°V6turbo hybrid | 630 kW (840 hp) @ 15,000rpm[4][unreliable source?] | |
| 2015 | Mercedes-Benz PU106B | 649 kW (870 hp) @ 15,000 rpm[5][unreliable source?] | Adapted for use in theMercedes-AMG One[6] | |
| 2016 | Mercedes-Benz PU106C | 670 kW (900 hp) @ 15,000 rpm[7] | ||
| 2017 | Mercedes-AMG F1 M08 EQ Power+ | 708 kW (949 hp) @ 15,000 rpm[8][unreliable source?] | ||
| 2018 | Mercedes-AMG F1 M09 EQ Power+ | 720 kW (970 hp) @ 15,000 rpm[9] | ||
| 2019 | Mercedes-AMG F1 M10 EQ Power+ | Badged as "BWT Mercedes" forRacing Point | ||
| 2020 | Mercedes-AMG F1 M11 EQ Performance | 740 kW (990 hp) @ 15,000 rpm[10][unreliable source?] | ||
| 2021 | Mercedes-AMG F1 M12 E Performance | 770 kW (1,030 hp) @ 15,000 rpm[10][unreliable source?] | ||
| 2022 | Mercedes-AMG F1 M13 E Performance | 770 kW (1,030 hp) @ 15,000 rpm[11][unreliable source?] | ||
| 2023 | Mercedes-AMG F1 M14 E Performance | |||
| 2024 | Mercedes-AMG F1 M15 E Performance | |||
| 2025 | Mercedes-AMG F1 M16 E Performance |
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The Formula One regulations in2014 saw Mercedes produce a unique hybrid 1.6-liter turbocharged V6 engine, that could produce a significant amount of power with less fuel consumption compared toFerrari andRenault engines. It also featured the kinetic energy recovery system (MGU-K) and heat energy recovery system (MGU-H). The engine was soon proved to have a clear advantage over other engines, as cars powered by the Mercedes engine scored the majority of points during the 2014 season.[12] Since the introduction of this engine formula, Mercedes-powered cars scored pole position in 147 and won 140 of 250 races (as of the2025 Las Vegas Grand Prix), and won 7 drivers' championships and 10 constructors' championships.
Season statistics for Mercedes engines
| Season | Constructors | Races | Wins | Pole positions | 1–2 finishes | Podiums | Fastest laps | WCC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | Mercedes, Force India, McLaren, Williams | 19 | 16 | 19 | 15 | 41 | 17 | 1st, 3rd, 5th, 6th |
| 2015 | Mercedes, Force India, Lotus, Williams | 19 | 16 | 18 | 12 | 38 | 13 | 1st, 3rd, 5th, 6th |
| 2016 | Mercedes, Force India, MRT, Williams | 21 | 19 | 20 | 8 | 35 | 10 | 1st, 4th, 5th, 11th |
| 2017 | Mercedes, Force India, Williams | 20 | 12 | 15 | 4 | 27 | 10 | 1st, 4th, 5th |
| 2018 | Mercedes, Force India, Williams | 21 | 11 | 13 | 4 | 26 | 10 | 1st, 7th, 10th |
| 2019 | Mercedes, Racing Point, Williams | 21 | 15 | 10 | 9 | 32 | 9 | 1st, 7th, 10th |
| 2020 | Mercedes, Racing Point, Williams | 17 | 14 | 16 | 6 | 29 | 9 | 1st, 4th, 10th |
| 2021 | Mercedes, Aston Martin, McLaren, Williams | 22 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 35 | 12 | 1st, 4th, 7th, 8th |
| 2022 | Mercedes, Aston Martin, McLaren, Williams | 22 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 18 | 8 | 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th |
| 2023 | Mercedes, Aston Martin, McLaren, Williams | 22 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 24 | 8 | 2nd, 4th, 5th, 7th |
| 2024 | Mercedes, Aston Martin, McLaren, Williams | 24 | 10 | 12 | 4 | 30 | 12 | 1st, 4th, 5th, 9th |
| 2025* | Mercedes, Aston Martin, McLaren, Williams | 22 | 16 | 14 | 9 | 44 | 18 | 1st, 2nd, 5th, 8th |
* Season still in progress.
TheMercedes-AMG One production hypercar features a powertrain similar to modernFormula One cars. The production version of the car features a modified version of the 1.6 L (98 cu in) Mercedes-Benz PU106B Hybrid E-turbo V6 engine used in theMercedes F1 W06 Hybrid Formula One car.[13][14] The engine was modified to make it road legal, with changes including reduced idle and redline RPM. It produces a maximum power output of 422 kW (574 PS; 566 hp). Torque figures were unmeasurable due to the complex powertrain.[15]
Theinternal combustion engine works in conjunction with fourelectric motors; a 120 kW (163 PS; 161 hp) MGU-K coupled to the crankshaft, a 90 kW (122 PS; 121 hp) MGU-H coupled to the turbocharger, and two electric motors in the front axle producing 240 kW (326 PS; 322 hp).[16] The One has a total combined power output of 782 kW (1,063 PS; 1,049 hp). The MGU-K and MGU-H are similar as in use in Formula One cars, which were responsible for recovering energy and improving efficiency during the operation of the car.[17] More specifically, the MGU-K serves to generate electricity during braking, while the MGU-H serves to eliminateturbo lag and improve throttle response by keeping the turbine spinning at lower engine high speeds.[18] Two electric motors drive the front wheels and creates anall-wheel drive drivetrain, the sum of these four electric motors contribute 360 kW (489 PS; 483 hp) of effective power to the total power output figure of the AMG One.
The head of Mercedes-AMG,Tobias Moers, claimed that the engine idles at 1,280 rpm and 11,000 rpm at its redline limit. However, the engine will only last for 50,000 km (31,000 mi) and the owners would have to return their cars for an engine refurbishment costing 850,000 euros. This Formula One inspired powertrain helps the car attain a top speed of 352 km/h (219 mph). According to Mercedes-AMG, the car can accelerate from 0 to 100 km/h (62 mph) in 2.9 seconds, 0 to 200 km/h (120 mph) in 7.0 seconds and 0 to 300 km/h (190 mph) in 15.6 seconds.[19]