 The Memorial Cup at the2015 tournament | |
| Sport | Ice hockey |
|---|---|
| Awarded for | Canadian Hockey League champion |
| History | |
| First award | 1919 |
| First winner | University of Toronto Schools |
| Most wins | Toronto Marlboros (7) |
| Most recent | Saginaw Spirit (OHL) |
TheMemorial Cup (French:Coupe Memorial) is the national championship of theCanadian Hockey League (CHL), a consortium of threemajor junior ice hockey leagues operating in Canada and parts of the United States. It is a four-teamround-robin tournament played among the champions of theOntario Hockey League (OHL),Quebec Maritimes Junior Hockey League (QMJHL) andWestern Hockey League (WHL), and a host team, which alternates on an annual basis between the three member leagues. The Memorial Cup trophy was established by CaptainJames T. Sutherland to honour those who died in service duringWorld War I.[1] It was rededicated during the2010 tournament to honour all soldiers who died fighting for Canada in any conflict.
The trophy was originally known as theOHA Memorial Cup and was donated by theOntario Hockey Association (OHA) in 1919 to be awarded to thejunior ice hockey champion of Canada. From its inception until 1971, the Memorial Cup was open to all Junior A teams in the country and was awarded following a series of league, provincial and regional playoffs culminating in an east–west championship. The three-league tournament format began in1972, a season after theCanadian Amateur Hockey Association divided theJunior A rank into two tiers, naming the Memorial Cup as the championship of the Major Junior level.
The Memorial Cup is sometimes referred to as one of the hardest championships to win in hockey, factoring in the number of teams across the CHL's member leagues nationwide, the Memorial Cup tournament being played between their top teams, and the limited eligibility period for players to compete at the major junior level.[2]
Capt. Sutherland, who was serving overseas, was President of the Ontario Hockey Association and he brought forward the idea to present a trophy to honour all the young Canadian hockey players who died in battle and have it awarded to the best junior hockey team in Canada.[1] The Ontario Hockey Association (OHA)'s annual meeting was unanimous that a fitting memorial be established to members of the OHA who had fallen on the field of war.
"Past President Capt. J. T. Sutherland, now in France, spoke of the splendid work done by Canadian boys in France and suggested the erection of a suitable memorial to hockey players who have fallen."—The Globe, Toronto, Ontario, Dec. 9, 1918.
"The (Memorial) cup, coveted prize of Canadian junior hockey, was the brainchild of Capt. Jim (Sutherland) when he was overseas in the Great War (1914–18) and at the time, President of the Ontario Hockey Association (1915–17). He wrote suggesting the trophy in memory of the boys who were killed in the war and no doubt a big part of the idea was instigated by his devotion to his beloved (Alan) Scotty Davidson*, who fell (June 6, 1915) with many other hockey players in the world conflict (including Capt. George T. Richardson*, who died in France, Feb. 9, 1916. (*Both are members of the Hockey Hall of Fame.) --William J. Walshe, Comments on Sport,The Kingston Whig-Standard, January 6, 1939.
It started as anEast-versus-West format, where theGeorge Richardson Memorial Trophy champions from the East would play theAbbott Cup champions from the West.
From 1919 to 1928, the Memorial Cup Final was a two-game total goals affair between a champion from Eastern Canada and a champion from Western Canada, both of which were determined through a series of playdowns under the auspices of theCanadian Amateur Hockey Association. In 1929, the Memorial Cup Final became a best-of-three series.
In 1934, when the junior hockey teams were further divided between Junior 'A' and Junior 'B', the Memorial Cup served as the Junior 'A' championship trophy, and theSutherland Cup became the Junior 'B' trophy. From 1937 the Memorial Cup was a best-of-five series, and in 1943 reverted to a best-of-seven series.
For the 1970–1971season, the Junior 'A' rank was further split into the Major Junior rank and a second-tier rank (referred nowadays as Junior 'A'), with the Memorial Cup serving as the Major Junior championship trophy, and theManitoba Centennial Trophy, and later theRoyal Bank Cup, serving as the second tier championship trophy.
In1972, the Memorial Cup was contested between three teams: the champions of the threeleagues of theCanadian Hockey League: theEd Chynoweth Cup Champs (WHL),J. Ross Robertson Cup Champs (OHL), and thePresident's Cup Champs (QMJHL). From 1972 to 1973 these three teams played a singleround-robin (two games each), with the top two teams advancing to a single-game final. A semi-final game was added in1974. In1977 the tournament was expanded to a double round-robin (four games each), with no semi-final. The tournament was held at a pre-determined site which was rotated among the three leagues.
The1983 Memorial Cup tournament saw the inclusion of a fourth team, the team hosting the event, which was done to boost tournament attendance. The first tournament under this format was held inPortland, Oregon, and marked the first time that anAmerican city hosted the Memorial Cup. The hostWinter Hawks also won the Cup that year, becoming the first American team to win the Memorial Cup, as well as becoming the first host team to win it. The four teams played a single round-robin (three games each). If two teams are tied for third place, then a tie-breaker game is played on Thursday, followed by a semi-final game between the second and third-place teams and a final between the first-place team and the semi-final winner. This format continues to be used to this day, with the honour of hosting the tournament rotated amongst the CHL's three member leagues.
If the host team also wins its respective league championship, the Memorial Cup berth reserved for the league champion is instead awarded to that league's runner-up. This was the case in2006, when theQuebec Remparts lost to theMoncton Wildcats in the QMJHL Finals. However, since Moncton was hosting the Memorial Cup that year, Quebec was awarded the QMJHL berth to the Memorial Cup tournament. The Remparts went on to win the Memorial Cup that season, the first time that a team has won the tournament without qualifying as the tournament host or as the champions of their respective league.
In the history of the cup, there have been two major mishaps with the cup itself. At the 2008 tournament, a replica trophy, which is the one teams are presented with on the ice after the game, broke apart as captainChris Bruton of the victoriousSpokane Chiefs tried to hand it off to a teammate after being presented the cup on the ice. The crowd started heckling after the replica cup broke apart, while the Chiefs took apart the trophy and shared it around with teammates.[3] In2012, defenceman Dillon Donnelly of theShawinigan Cataractes accidentally dropped the trophy, significantly damaging it.[4] The official cup is typically kept at theHockey Hall of Fame inToronto, Ontario, Canada.
Due to theCOVID-19 pandemic, both the2020 (scheduled for Kelowna) and the2021 (to be hosted by the OHL) editions of the tournament were cancelled as a result of provincial restrictions.[5][6][7][8] The QMJHL was the only league of the CHL to declare a champion during the 2020–21 season.[9][10][11] The Memorial Cup tournament resumed in2022.[12]
Starting in 1972, the Memorial Cup committee has awarded honours for play at the Memorial Cup tournament. There are now five annual awards presented.[13]
| Award | Description | Founded |
|---|---|---|
| Stafford Smythe Memorial Trophy | Most valuable player | 1972 |
| George Parsons Trophy | Most sportsmanlike player | 1974 |
| Hap Emms Memorial Trophy | Outstanding goaltender | 1975 |
| Ed Chynoweth Trophy | Leading scorer | 1996 |
| Memorial Cup All-Star Team | Best player at each position | 1975 |
