| Meet John Doe | |
|---|---|
 Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Frank Capra |
| Screenplay by | Robert Riskin |
| Story by | Robert Presnell Sr. |
| Based on | A Reputation 1922 story inCentury Magazine byRichard Connell |
| Produced by | Frank Capra |
| Starring | Gary Cooper Barbara Stanwyck Edward Arnold |
| Cinematography | George Barnes |
| Edited by | Daniel Mandell |
| Music by | Dimitri Tiomkin |
Production company | |
| Distributed by | Warner Bros. |
Release date |
|
Running time | 122 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |
| Box office | $1.8 million (initial U.S. release)[1] |
Meet John Doe is a 1941 Americancomedy drama film directed and produced byFrank Capra, written byRobert Riskin, and starringGary Cooper,Barbara Stanwyck andEdward Arnold. The film is about a "grassroots" political campaign created unwittingly by a newspaper columnist with the involvement of a hired homeless man and pursued by the paper's wealthy owner.[2]
It became a box-office hit and was nominated for anAcademy Award for Best Story; it was ranked No. 49 inAFI's 100 Years ... 100 Cheers. It was the first of two features Capra made forWarner Bros. after he leftColumbia Pictures - the other beingArsenic and Old Lace (1944).
In 1969, the film entered thepublic domain in the United States because the claimants did not renew itscopyright registration in the 28th year after publication.[3]
A local newspaper,The Bulletin, is under new management and renamedThe New Bulletin, with columnist Ann Mitchell being one of the staffers dismissed to "streamline" the paper, but not before being told to write one final column. Infuriated, Ann prints a letter from a fictional unemployed "John Doe" threatening suicide onChristmas Eve in protest of society's ills. When the letter causes a sensation among readers, and the paper's competition,The Chronicle, suspects a fraud and starts to investigate, editor Henry Connell is persuaded to rehire Ann, who schemes to boost the newspaper's sales by exploiting the fictional John Doe. From a number ofderelicts who show up at the paper claiming to have written the original letter, Ann and Henry hire John Willoughby, a former baseball player andtramp in need of money to repair his injured arm, to play the role of John Doe. Ann starts to pen a series of articles in Doe's name, elaborating on the original letter's ideas of society's disregard for people in need.
Willoughby gets $50, a new suit of clothes, and a plush hotel suite with his tramp friend "The Colonel", who launches into an extended diatribe against "helots", people who are trying to sell things, burdening others with ownership, tying them down with responsibilities that require money to pay for them, until they, too, become helots. Proposing to take Doe nationwide via the radio, Ann is given $100 a week by theBulletin's publisher, D. B. Norton, to write radio speeches for Willoughby. Meanwhile, Willoughby is offered a $5,000bribe fromThe Chronicle to admit the whole thing was apublicity stunt, but ultimately turns it down and delivers the speech Ann has written for him instead. Afterward, feeling conflicted, he runs away, riding the rails with the Colonel until they reach Millsville. "John Doe" is recognized at a diner and brought to City Hall, where he is met by Bert Hanson, who explains how he was inspired by Doe's words to start a "John Doe club" with his neighbors.
The John Doe philosophy spreads across the country, developing into a broad grassroots movement whose simple slogan is, "Be a better neighbor". However, Norton secretly plans to channel support for Doe into support for his own national political ambitions. When a John Doe rally is scheduled, with John Doe clubs from throughout the country in attendance, Norton instructs Mitchell to write a speech for Willoughby in which he announces the foundation of a new political party and endorses Norton as its presidential candidate. On the night of the rally, Willoughby, who has come to believe in the John Doe philosophy himself, learns of Norton's treachery from a drunken Henry. He denounces Norton and tries to expose the plot at the rally, but his speech is interrupted by hordes of newsboys carrying a special edition ofThe New Bulletin exposing Doe as a fake. Norton claims Doe had deceived him and the staff of the newspaper, like everyone else, and cuts off the loudspeakers before Doe can defend himself. Despondent at letting his now-angry followers down, Willoughby attempts suicide by jumping from the roof of the City Hall onChristmas Eve, as indicated in the original John Doe letter. Ann, who has fallen in love with John, desperately tries to talk him out of jumping (saying thatthe first John Doe has already died for the sake of humanity), and Hanson and his neighbors tell him of their plan to restart their John Doe club. Convinced not to kill himself, John leaves, carrying a fainted Ann in his arms, and Henry turns to Norton and says, "There you are, Norton! The people! Try and lick that!".
The film was screenwriterRobert Riskin's last collaboration with Capra. The screenplay was derived from a 1939film treatment, titled "The Life and Death of John Doe", written byRichard Connell andRobert Presnell who would go on to be the recipients of the film's soleAcademy Award nomination for Best Original Story. The treatment was based upon Connell's 1922Century Magazine story titled "A Reputation".[2]
Gary Cooper was always Frank Capra's first choice to play John Doe. Cooper had agreed to the part without reading a script for two reasons: He had enjoyed working with Capra on their earlier collaboration,Mr. Deeds Goes to Town (1936), and he wanted to work with Barbara Stanwyck. The role of the hardbitten news reporter, however, was initially offered toAnn Sheridan, but the first choice for the role had been turned down byWarner Bros. due to a contract dispute, andOlivia de Havilland was similarly contacted, albeit unsuccessfully.[2]
The composer selected was frequent Capra collaboratorDimitri Tiomkin, who also did the scores for Capra'sLost Horizon,Mr. Smith Goes to Washington andIt's a Wonderful Life. He later won two music Oscars for the non-Capra filmHigh Noon.
Bosley Crowther, the film critic forThe New York Times wrote that John Willoughby was just the latest of the everyman that Frank Capra had portrayed in earlier films:
With an excellent script by Mr. Riskin—overwritten in many spots, it is true—Mr. Capra has produced a film which is eloquent with affection for gentle people, for the plain, unimpressive little people who want reassurance and faith. Many of his camera devices are magnificent in the scope of their suggestion, and always he tells his story well, with his customary expert spacing of comedy and serious drama. Only space prevents us from enthusing loudly about individual "touches".[4]
In theVariety review, there was a more critical look at the plot:
The synthetic fabric of the story is the weakness of the production, despite the magnificence of the Frank Capra-directed superstructure. But Robert Riskin, who wrote the screenplay from an original story by Richard Connell and Robert Presnell, leaves the audience at the finale with scarcely more than the hope that some day selfishness, fraud and deceit will be expunged from human affairs."[5]
The film is recognized byAmerican Film Institute in these lists:
Meet John Doe was dramatized as a radio play on the September 28, 1941 broadcast ofThe Screen Guild Theater, starring Gary Cooper, Barbara Stanwyck and Edward Arnold in their original roles.
A musical stage version of the film, written by Eddie Sugarman and composed byAndrew Gerle, was produced byFord's Theatre in Washington, DC, from March 16 to May 20, 2007, featuringHeidi Blickenstaff as Ann Mitchell and James Moye as John Willoughby/John Doe.Donna Lynne Champlin had previously appeared as Ann Mitchell in workshop versions of the show.[7] After anoff-Broadway stint, the Chicago production of the musical was presented at the Porchlight Music Theatre from March 5 to April 17, 2011, under the direction of Jim Beaudry, musical direction by Eugene Dizon, featuring Elizabeth Lanza as Ann Mitchell and Karl Hamilton as John Willoughby/John Doe, garnering aJeff Award nomination for Actress in a Principal Role – Musical for Elizabeth Lanza. Due to this production, R&H Theatricals has licensed the show for future productions.[8]
ABollywood remake,Main Azaad Hoon, was released in 1989, starringAmitabh Bachchan.[9]
In 1945 Capra and Riskin sold all rights inMeet John Doe toSherman S. Krellberg's Goodwill Pictures, a New York distributor.
While in Goodwill's possession, theoriginal camera negative deteriorated due to poor storage and was eventually destroyed. TheLibrary of Congress created a fresh preservation negative in the 1970s by combining Goodwill's surviving 35mm prints with theWarner Bros. studio print.[10]
Since its copyright was not renewed and it entered thepublic domain in 1969,[10] the film has received numerous copies on home video for years, sourced from inferior quality prints, while the restored LoC print remains in storage. In 2001Ken Barnes' Laureate Presentations undertook a digital restoration of the best available European print.[10][11] It has been released on DVD bySanctuary (UK) and VCI (US).[12] The LoC print was used for the 2024 high definition Blu-ray released by ClassicFlix in 2024.[13]
