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Medefaidrin

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Sacred language of the Obɛri Ɔkaimɛ Ibibio community
This article includes a list ofgeneral references, butit lacks sufficient correspondinginline citations. Please help toimprove this article byintroducing more precise citations.(February 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Medefaidrin
Medefidrin
𖹝𖹰𖹯𖹼𖹫 𖹚𖹬𖹾𖹠𖹯‎ /Obɛri Ɔkaimɛ
Created byadherents of theObɛri Ɔkaimɛ church
Date1930s
Setting and usageIbibioland, Nigeria
Purpose
Obɛri Ɔkaimɛ script
Language codes
ISO 639-3dmf
Glottologmede1238

Medefaidrin (Medefidrin), orObɛri Ɔkaimɛ, is a constructed language and script created as a Christiansacred language by anIbibio congregation in 1930s Nigeria. It has its roots inglossolalia ('speaking in tongues').

History

[edit]

Speakers consider Medefaidrin to be a 'spirit language'. It was created by two leaders of the church, Michael Ukpong and Akpan Akpan Udofia. They state that theHoly Spirit revealed the words of the language to Ukpong, while Udofia wrote them down. At the timeIbibio was not a written language, and Udofia created a script to write Medefaidrin.

After finalizing the language in 1936, members of the church started a school in which children were instructed in Medefaidrin. This was not tolerated by the British colonial government, who closed the school that same year. Nonetheless, the language continued to be used for church activities, including liturgy and hymns, and for letters and written contracts between members. The language faded from use, but in 1986 Udofia began teaching it again in the church's Sunday school inIdidep. Old manuscripts in the script are in poor condition, and in the 21st century there has been some effort to preserve them.

Phonology

[edit]

Medefaidrin is a stress-accented rather than tonal language, though this may be changing under Ibibio influence. Unlike theIbibio language, there are severalconsonant clusters in Medefaidrin, many of which do not exist in English.

Writing system

[edit]
Medefaidrin script
Obɛri Ɔkaimɛ script
Script type
Alphabet
Period
1930s to present
LanguagesMedefaidrin
ISO 15924
ISO 15924Medf(265), ​Medefaidrin (Oberi Okaime, Oberi Ɔkaimɛ)
Unicode
Unicode alias
Medefaidrin
U+16E40–U+16E9F

The script has upper- and lower-case letters like the English alphabet,[1] but the letters were invented and there is no systematic relationship between glyph and sound. There are a number of arbitrary digraphs, whose pronunciation cannot be determined from their component letters, again as in English.

Unicode

[edit]
Main article:Medefaidrin (Unicode block)

Medefaidrin script was added to theUnicode Standard in June 2018 with the release of version 11.0.

The Unicode block for Medefaidrin is U+16E40–U+16E9F and contains 91 characters:[2]

Medefaidrin[1][2]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
 0123456789ABCDEF
U+16E4x𖹀𖹁𖹂𖹃𖹄𖹅𖹆𖹇𖹈𖹉𖹊𖹋𖹌𖹍𖹎𖹏
U+16E5x𖹐𖹑𖹒𖹓𖹔𖹕𖹖𖹗𖹘𖹙𖹚𖹛𖹜𖹝𖹞𖹟
U+16E6x𖹠𖹡𖹢𖹣𖹤𖹥𖹦𖹧𖹨𖹩𖹪𖹫𖹬𖹭𖹮𖹯
U+16E7x𖹰𖹱𖹲𖹳𖹴𖹵𖹶𖹷𖹸𖹹𖹺𖹻𖹼𖹽𖹾𖹿
U+16E8x𖺀𖺁𖺂𖺃𖺄𖺅𖺆𖺇𖺈𖺉𖺊𖺋𖺌𖺍𖺎𖺏
U+16E9x𖺐𖺑𖺒𖺓𖺔𖺕𖺖𖺗𖺘𖺙𖺚
Notes
1.^ As of Unicode version 17.0
2.^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points

Grammar

[edit]

Structurally, the language is largely arelexification of English, although thesemantics are closer to the native language of its users,Ibibio. The definite article isdei, and several prepositions alliterate or rhyme with their English equivalents:su "to",fra "from",nai "by",kin "in". Most words, however, resemble nothing in English or Ibibio, but appear to have been created without a specific underlying system. Themorphology is not highly developed, but a few elements have been taken from English, such as the plural in -s (z?).

Numbers and dates

[edit]

Thevigesimal numbering system and calendar reflect Ibibio norms. The calendar year contains sixteen four-week months.[a]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^The week is reported to consist of eight days, but it is not clear if it is 8 by Ibibio or English counting. What is 2 days from now in English is 3 days from now in Ibibio (with todaycounted inclusively as the first day), so starting a new week every 8 days when thinking in Ibibio means every 7 days when thinking in English.

References

[edit]
  1. ^Rovenchak, Andrij; Gibbon, Dafydd; Ekpenyong, Moses; Urua, Eno-Abasi (2016-04-18)."L2/16-101R: Proposal for encoding the Medefaidrin (Oberi Okaime) script in the SMP of the UCS"(PDF). ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2.
  2. ^"Unicode 11.0.0".Unicode Consortium. June 5, 2018. RetrievedJune 5, 2018.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Abasiattai, Monday B. (1989). "The Oberi Okaime Christian Mission: Towards a History of an Ibibio Independent Church".Africa: Journal of the International African Institute.59 (4):496–516.doi:10.2307/1159944.ISSN 0001-9720.JSTOR 1159944.S2CID 143886594.
  • Adams, R. F. G. (1947). "Obεri Ɔkaimε: A New African Language and Script".Africa: Journal of the International African Institute.17 (1):24–34.doi:10.2307/1156936.ISSN 0001-9720.JSTOR 1156936.S2CID 144319581.
  • Gibbon, Dafydd; Ekpenyong, Moses; Urua, Eno-Abasi (2010)."Medefaidrin: Resources documenting the birth and death language life-cycle"(PDF).Proceedings of the Seventh Conference on International Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'10). Valletta, Malta.ISBN 978-2-9517408-6-0.
  • Gibbon, Dafydd; Urua, Eno-Abasi (2009).Preserving and understanding the Medefaidrin language of the Obɛri Ɔkaimɛ ('Church freely given') Ibibio community(PDF). World Congress of African Linguistics (WOCAL) 6. Cologne.
  • Hau, Kathleen (1961). "Oberi Okaime script, texts and counting systems".Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Afrique Noire. Série B, Sciences humaines.23:291–308.
  • Udofia, Akpan Akpan (1953). "Dictionary, transcriptions and translations of texts". In Hau, Kathleen (ed.).Oberi Okaime Script, Texts and Counting System. Material relating to the Oberi Okaime language of southeastern Nigeria.
  • Urua, Eno-Abasi (2008). "Medefidrin, the 'Spirit' language of the 1920s in Ibibio land". In Ndimele, Ozo-mekuri; Udoh, Imelda Icheji Lawrence; Anyanwu, Ogbonna (eds.).Critical Issues in the Study of Linguistics, Languages and Literatures in Nigeria: A Festshrift for Conrad Max Benedict Brann. Festschrift Series, 7.
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