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Meadow Mari language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Uralic language of the Mari El Republic, Russia
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Meadow–Eastern Mari
олык марий,olyk marij
Native toRussia
RegionMari El Republic
EthnicityMeadow Mari,Eastern Mari
Native speakers
470,000 (2012)[1]
Uralic
  • Mari
    • Meadow–Eastern Mari
Cyrillic
Official status
Official language in
Russia
Language codes
ISO 639-3mhr
Glottologeast2328
ELPEastern Mari
  Meadow Mari
Eastern Mari is classified as Definitely Endangered by theUNESCOAtlas of the World's Languages in Danger[2]

Meadow Mari, also known asMeadow-Eastern Mari, orEastern Mari, is a standardised dialect of theMari language used by about half a million people mostly inEuropean Russia. Meadow Mari,Hill Mari, and Russian are official languages in the republic ofMari El in theRussian Federation.[3]

Meadow Mari and Eastern Mari are distinct language varieties, which both use the Meadow Mari literary standard.[4] The main differences between Meadow Mari and Hill Mari arephonological, and to a lesser extent,morphological.[5]

Alphabet

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А аБ бВ вГ гД дЕ еЁ ёЖ ж
З зИ иЙ йК кЛ лМ мН нҤ ҥ
О оӦ ӧП пР рС сТ тУ уӰ ӱ
Ф фХ хЦ цЧ чШ шЩ щЪ ъЫ ы
Ь ьЭ эЮ юЯ я    

Phonology

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Consonants

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Consonant Phonemes of Meadow Mari[6]
BilabialLabiodentalAlveolarPostalveolarPalatalVelar
StopVoicelessptk
Voicedbdg
FricativeVoiceless(f)(x)
Voicedv
SibilantVoicelesssʃ
Voicedzʒ
Affricate(t͡s)t͡ɕ
Nasalmnɲ
Laterallʎ
Trillr
Approximatej

/f, x, ts/ primarily occur in Russian loanwords.

Vowels

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Vowel Phonemes of Meadow Mari
FrontCentralBack
RoundedUnroundedUnroundedRoundedUnroundedRounded
Closeiyu
Mideøəo
Openɑ

Meadow Mari has nodiphthongs.

References

[edit]
Eastern Mari edition ofWikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  1. ^Meadow–Eastern Mari atEthnologue (18th ed., 2015)(subscription required)
  2. ^"Western Mari in Russian Federation".UNESCO WAL. Retrieved30 August 2024.
  3. ^University of Graz
  4. ^Bradley & Pischlöger 2021, p. 22–23.
  5. ^Saarinen 2022, p. 432.
  6. ^Riese, Timothy; Bradley, Jeremy; Yefremova, Tatiana (2022).Mari (марий йылме): An Essential Grammar for International Learners. Vienna: University of Vienna. p. 19.

Works cited

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External links

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Finnic
Estonian
South Estonian
Finnish
Karelian
Others
Sámi
Eastern Sámi
Western Sámi
Unclassified
Mordvinic
Mari
Permic
Komi
Udmurt
Ugric
Eastern Ugric
Khanty
Mansi
Western Ugric
Samoyedic
Unclassified
Proto-Uralic
Federal language
State languages
of federal subjects
Languages with official status
Scripts
1 In Russia, the Cyrillic alphabet is officially supported.2 For other, non-Cyrillic alphabets, separate federal laws are required.
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