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Maubeuge

Coordinates:50°16′39″N3°58′24″E / 50.2775°N 03.9734°E /50.2775; 03.9734
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Commune in Hauts-de-France, France
Maubeuge
Porte de Mons
Porte de Mons
Coat of arms of Maubeuge
Coat of arms
Map
Location of Maubeuge
Maubeuge is located in France
Maubeuge
Maubeuge
Show map of France
Maubeuge is located in Hauts-de-France
Maubeuge
Maubeuge
Show map of Hauts-de-France
Coordinates:50°16′39″N3°58′24″E / 50.2775°N 03.9734°E /50.2775; 03.9734
CountryFrance
RegionHauts-de-France
DepartmentNord
ArrondissementAvesnes-sur-Helpe
CantonMaubeuge
IntercommunalityCA Maubeuge Val de Sambre
Government
 • Mayor(2020–2026)Arnaud Decagny[1]
Area
1
18.85 km2 (7.28 sq mi)
Population
 (2023)[2]
28,767
 • Density1,526/km2 (3,953/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
59392 /59600
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Maubeuge (French pronunciation:[mobøʒ]; historicalDutch:Mabuse orDutch:Malbode;Picard:Maubeuche) is acommune in theNorddepartment in northernFrance.[3]

It is situated on both banks of theSambre (here canalized), 36 km (22 mi) east ofValenciennes and about 9 km (5.6 mi) from theBelgian border.

History

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Maubeuge (ancientMalbodium, fromLatin, derived from theOld Frankish nameMalboden, meaning "assizes of Boden") owes its origin toMaubeuge Abbey, a doublemonastery, for men and women, founded in the 7th century bySaint Aldego, therelics of whom are preserved in thechurch. It subsequently belonged to the territory ofHainaut.

The town was part of theSpanish Netherlands and changed hands a number of times before it was finally ceded to France in the 1678Treaty of Nijmegen.[4] As part ofVauban'spré carré plan that protected France's northern borders with a double line of fortresses, it was extensively fortified as directed byLouis XIV of France.

Mayor of Maubeuge presenting the BritishGuards Division with a flag as an appreciation from the town which was taken by the division on 9 November 1918. Major-GeneralTorquhil Matheson is seen receiving the flag, 14 November 1918.

Besieged in 1793 by PrinceJosias ofSaxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, it was relieved by thevictory of Wattignies, which is commemorated by amonument in the town. It was unsuccessfully besieged in 1814, but was compelled to capitulate, after a vigorous resistance, in theHundred Days.

As afortress, Maubeuge has an old enceinte of bastion trace which serves as the center of an important entrenched camp of 18 miles perimeter. The fortress was constructed after theWar of 1870 but has since been modernized and augmented.

The forts werebesieged inWorld War I by theGerman Empire. Maubeuge suffered heavily inWorld War II: 90% of the town centre was destroyed by bombardments in May 1940. Fighting again occurred in early September 1944, in and around the outskirts of Maubeuge, involving units of theU.S. 1st Infantry Division during the American push towardBelgium.[5][6]

After the war the town was rebuilt: the new buildings culminated in the newHôtel de Ville which was completed in 1970.[7]

TheHôtel de Ville

Heraldry

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Arms of Maubeuge
Arms of Maubeuge
The arms of Maubeuge areblazoned :
Or, 4 lions, 2 in bend sable armed and langued gules, 2 in bend sinister gules armed and langued azure, in chief an eagle sable beaked langued membered and armed gules, overall a crozier Or bendwise.



Geography

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Climate

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Maubeuge has anoceanic climate (Köppen climate classificationCfb). The average annual temperature in Maubeuge is 10.6 °C (51.1 °F). The average annual rainfall is 880.8 mm (34.68 in) with December as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 18.5 °C (65.3 °F), and lowest in January, at around 3.2 °C (37.8 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Maubeuge was 37.5 °C (99.5 °F) on 7 August 2003; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −17.5 °C (0.5 °F) on 16 January 1985.

Climate data for Maubeuge (1981−2010 normals, extremes 1961−present)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)15.0
(59.0)		18.2
(64.8)		24.9
(76.8)		29.5
(85.1)		32.0
(89.6)		33.5
(92.3)		35.5
(95.9)		37.5
(99.5)		34.5
(94.1)		25.6
(78.1)		19.5
(67.1)		17.0
(62.6)		37.5
(99.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)5.8
(42.4)		6.9
(44.4)		10.6
(51.1)		14.2
(57.6)		18.7
(65.7)		21.3
(70.3)		23.6
(74.5)		23.7
(74.7)		19.8
(67.6)		15.5
(59.9)		9.5
(49.1)		6.6
(43.9)		14.7
(58.5)
Daily mean °C (°F)3.2
(37.8)		3.7
(38.7)		6.7
(44.1)		9.4
(48.9)		13.6
(56.5)		16.2
(61.2)		18.5
(65.3)		18.4
(65.1)		15.1
(59.2)		11.5
(52.7)		6.5
(43.7)		4.2
(39.6)		10.6
(51.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)0.6
(33.1)		0.6
(33.1)		2.8
(37.0)		4.6
(40.3)		8.6
(47.5)		11.1
(52.0)		13.4
(56.1)		13.1
(55.6)		10.3
(50.5)		7.6
(45.7)		3.6
(38.5)		1.7
(35.1)		6.5
(43.7)
Record low °C (°F)−17.5
(0.5)		−13.7
(7.3)		−12.5
(9.5)		−6.0
(21.2)		−2.0
(28.4)		−1.5
(29.3)		3.3
(37.9)		4.0
(39.2)		0.0
(32.0)		−5.0
(23.0)		−11.5
(11.3)		−13.5
(7.7)		−17.5
(0.5)
Averageprecipitation mm (inches)81.1
(3.19)		64.7
(2.55)		80.8
(3.18)		54.7
(2.15)		70.9
(2.79)		79.1
(3.11)		71.2
(2.80)		73.1
(2.88)		61.8
(2.43)		79.5
(3.13)		78.8
(3.10)		85.1
(3.35)		880.8
(34.68)
Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm)14.011.013.410.012.211.010.29.610.611.913.013.2140.1
Source:Météo-France[8]

Population

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Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
17934,841—    
18004,726−0.34%
18065,020+1.01%
18215,736+0.89%
18316,240+0.85%
18366,363+0.39%
18417,431+3.15%
18467,328−0.28%
18517,719+1.05%
18568,663+2.33%
186110,557+4.03%
186610,877+0.60%
187213,234+3.32%
187614,398+2.13%
188117,221+3.65%
188618,329+1.25%
189118,863+0.58%
189619,799+0.97%
YearPop.±% p.a.
190120,826+1.02%
190621,520+0.66%
191123,209+1.52%
192121,173−0.91%
192623,338+1.97%
193124,221+0.75%
193623,622−0.50%
194620,859−1.24%
195424,215+1.88%
196227,214+1.47%
196832,028+2.75%
197535,399+1.44%
198236,061+0.27%
199034,989−0.38%
199933,546−0.47%
200732,667−0.33%
201230,994−1.05%
201729,944−0.69%
Source: EHESS[9] and INSEE (1968-2017)[10]

Economy

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There are importantfoundries,forges andblast furnaces, together with manufactures ofmachine tools andporcelain.

The town has a board of tradearbitration, a communalcollege, a commercial and industrialschool.

Transport

[edit]

Being close to the Belgian border,Maubeuge station has two lines to Belgium: one leading North towardsMons, the other Eastbound toCharleroi. Neither have seen passenger service for several years; however, from December 2018 a limited service toNamur via Charleroi was announced.[11] Trains to the South-West are frequent.

The nearest airports areCharleroi Airport, located 64 km (40 mi) north east,Lille Airport, located 83 km (52 mi) north west andBrussels Airport, located 103 km (64 mi) north of Maubeuge.

Tour de France

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Maurice Garin, the winner of the inaugural1903 Tour de France, began his cycling career in 1892 with the local Maubeuge cycling club, when he finished fifth in the 200-kilometre (124 mi) Maubeuge-Hirson-Maubeuge race.[12] In 2003, on the 100th anniversary of his win, he was commemorated with a street named after him.

Notable people

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See also

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Sources

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Footnotes

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  1. ^"Répertoire national des élus: les maires".data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
  2. ^"Populations de référence 2023" (in French). National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 18 December 2025.
  3. ^INSEE commune file
  4. ^"Treaty of Peace between France and Spain, signed at Nimeguen, 17 September 1678"(PDF).Oxford International Public Law. Retrieved31 December 2018.
  5. ^"The First! The Story of the 1st Infantry Division: WWII G.I. Stories Booklet (Lone Sentry)".
  6. ^Official site of the town of MaubeugeArchived 3 February 2011 at theWayback Machine(in French)
  7. ^"Hôtel de ville de Maubeuge". PSS Architecture. Retrieved1 December 2024.
  8. ^"Fiche Climatologique Statistiques 1981-2010 et records"(PDF) (in French).Météo-France. Retrieved7 September 2022.
  9. ^Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui:Commune data sheet Maubeuge,EHESS(in French).
  10. ^Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  11. ^"NMBS lanciert nieuwe klassieke treinverbinding tussen Waalse steden en Parijs" [NMBS launches new classic train connection between Walloon cities and Paris] (Press release) (in Dutch).National Railway Company of Belgium (NMBS). 29 June 2018. Retrieved15 April 2022.
  12. ^Journal L'Alsace-Le Pays, 20 February 2001, Profile of Maurice GarinArchived 1 November 2005 at theWayback Machine

External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related toMaubeuge.
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