Matteo Salvini was born inMilan in 1973, the son of a business executive father and a homemaker mother.[17] In 1985, at the age of 12, he took part in game showDoppio slalom (the Italian version ofBlockbusters), hosted by Corrado Tedeschi onCanale 5. And in 1993, at the age of 20, he participated onIl pranzo è servito, hosted byDavide Mengacci, which was broadcast byRete 4.[18][19]
In 1990, Salvini became a member of theLega Nord, the regionalist and separatist movement founded byUmberto Bossi in 1989. He was an active member ofYoung Padanians Movement, LN's youth faction, of which he became city coordinator for Milan in 1992 and city secretary in 1997.[23] In the same year, he started working as journalist forLa Padania, the official newspaper of Lega Nord.[24] In 1999 he also worked on Lega's radio broadcasterRadio Padania Libera and since July 2003 he has been registered as a journalist on the list of Italian professional journalists.[25]
In 1993 he was elected in theCity Council of Milan, a post that he would hold until 2012.[26] While in 1997 he participated in thePadanian elections and was elected within the listComunisti Padani (Padanian Communists), which gained 5 seats out of 210. In the following year, he was elected provincial secretary of the League for Milan.
In 1999, during an official visit of Italian PresidentCarlo Azeglio Ciampi in Milan, Salvini refused to shake his hand, stating that Ciampi did not represent him.[27][28]
Salvini was elected with 14,000 votes aMember of the European Parliament (MEP) for theNorth-West region in 2004 and participated in the European Parliament as a part of theNon-Inscrits.[29] During the legislature he selected Franco Bossi, brother of the party's secretary Umberto, as his parliamentary assistant.[30]
After he was re-elected in 2009 as an MEP, he sat on theCommittee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection and was a member of the delegation forrelations with India, and the delegation for relations with the Korean peninsula. He was a substitute on theCommittee on International Trade and theDelegation for relations with South Africa.[33]On 2 June 2012, Salvini became the federal secretary of the Lombard League, defeating Cesarino Monti with 403 votes against 129.[34] Following the election, on 12 October he decided to leave the office of group leader and city councilor after 19 years. Salvini was later elected deputy in the2013 general election, but he renounced his mandate on the first day of the legislature, and was replaced by Marco Rondini; Salvini maintained the position of MEP.[35]
Matteo Salvini speaks during a Lega Nord rally, in 2013.
In September 2013,Roberto Maroni, secretary of LN and Salvini's mentor, announced he would soon leave the party's leadership.[36][37] After a few weeks, Salvini announced his candidacy for the first Lega'sleadership election. A congress was scheduled for mid-December and in accordance with the new rules set for the election five candidates filed their bid to become secretary: Umberto Bossi, Giacomo Stucchi, Manes Bernardini, Roberto Stefanazzi and Salvini.[38] Of these, only Bossi and Salvini gathered the 1,000 necessary signatures by party members to take part in the internal "primary", and Salvini collected four times the signatures gathered by Bossi.[39]
On 7 December 2013, Salvini, who counted on the support ofRoberto Maroni and most of the party's senior figures (includingFlavio Tosi, who had renounced a bid of his own), defeatedUmberto Bossi with 82% of the vote in the "primary".[40] A week later, his election was ratified by the party's federal congress inTurin.[41] Under Salvini, the party embraced a strongly critical view of theEuropean Union,[42] especially of theeuro, which he described a "crime against humanity".[43] Ahead of the2014 European Parliament election, Salvini started to cooperate withMarine Le Pen, leader of the FrenchNational Front, andGeert Wilders, leader of the DutchParty for Freedom.[44][45][46] These moves were criticised by Bossi, who called attention to Salvini's left-wing roots,[47][48] and Tosi, who represented the party's pro-European wing and defended the euro.[49]
In April 2014, Salvini presented the party's logo for the European Parliament election, withBastaEuro ("No more Euro") replacingPadania,[50] to emphasize the party'sEuroscepticism and desire to exit from theEurozone.[51] The party included in its slates candidates from other anti-euro and/or autonomist movements (henceAutonomie, meanining "Autonomies"), notably comprisingThe Freedomites, aright-wing populist and separatist party active inSouth Tyrol (whose symbol was also included).[52]
In the European Parliament election, the party obtained 6.2% of the vote and 5 MEPs.[53] The result was far worse than the previous EP election in 2009 (a fall of 4.0%), but better than that of the 2013 general election (a gain of 2.1%). The LN were third with 15.2% in Veneto (although Tosi obtained many more votes than Salvini, a fact that demonstrated Tosi's popular support and that the party was far from united on the anti-euro stance),[54] ahead ofForza Italia (FI) and the other parties having emerged from the defunctPeople of Freedom, and fourth in Lombardy with 14.6%. Despite the party havinglost Piedmont to the Democrats, afterRoberto Cota had been forced to resign, Salvini was triumphant, with the success ofMassimo Bitonci in being elected mayor ofPadua, a Democratic stronghold, adding to the successes.
The party's federal congress, summoned in Padua in July, approved Salvini's political stance, especially a plan for the introduction of aflat tax and the creation of a sister party incentral-southern Italy and theIsles.[55] In November theEmilia-Romagna regional election represented a major step for Salvini's "national project": the Lega Nord, which won 19.4% of the vote, was the region's second-largest party, and far ahead of Forza Italia, helping paving the way for the Lega Nord to become the dominant centre-right party.[56] In December the sister party for southern Italy,Us with Salvini (NcS), was launched.
The party's growing popularity among voters was reflected also in a constant rise in opinion polls. A December 2014Ipsos poll showed that Salvini's approval rating had increased by from 28% to 33%, "cementing his position as a rising political force in Italy".[57]
On 28 February 2015, Salvini led a rally in Rome protesting against illegal immigration.[58][59]
In March 2015, after a long struggle between the two main Venetian party's leadersFlavio Tosi andLuca Zaia, backed by Salvini, over the formation of the slates for theupcoming regional election in Veneto, Tosi was removed as national secretary of Liga Veneta and ejected from the federal party altogether.[60] Despite this in-fighting, the2015 regional elections were another success for the LN, especially in Veneto, whereLuca Zaia was re-elected with 50.1% of the vote and the combined score of the party's and Zaia's personal lists was 40.9%. The party also came second inLiguria with 22.3%, second inTuscany with 16.2%, third in theMarche with 13.0% and third inUmbria with 14.0%. The LN had never polled so high in those five regions before.
After the2016 local elections, in which the party ran below expectations in Lombardy (while doing well in Veneto—thanks to Zaia—as well as Emilia-Romagna and Tuscany) and the NcS performed badly,[61][62][63][64] Salvini's political stance came under pressure from Bossi, Maroni, and especially the recently elected leader of Lega Lombarda,Paolo Grimoldi, who criticized the party's right-wing turn and its focus on the South, while reclaiming the federalist and autonomist identity of the LN.[65][66][67]
In the run-up of the2017 leadership election, Salvini focused on becoming the leader of thecentre-right[68][69] and, possibly, changing the Northern League's name by ditching "Northern".[70][71][72] Paolo Grimoldi, leader ofLega Lombarda, chose not to run against Salvini (and Maroni maintained his neutrality),[73][74] but Gianni Fava, Lombard regional minister of Agriculture in the old social-democratic tradition, announced his bid aiming at representing the federalist / autonomist / separatist wings of the party. Fava, who was anti-prohibition of drugs, pro-civil unions forsame-sex couples and, like Bossi, anti-National Front ("[it] is one of the most centralist and conservative blocs in Europe, what does it have to do with us?"), recalled an old activist saying "let's hurry up in making Padania, then I want to return voting the left" and added "this was the League and it has to be like this anew".[75][76][77][78]
On 21 December 2017, Salvini presented the new electoral logo of the Northern League for the2018 general election; for the first time since its foundation the party ran in all the constituencies of the country, using a logo without the word "Northern".[79]
The League obtained a resounding success, becoming the third largest party in Italy with 17.4% of the vote. The ticket won most of its votes in the North (including 32.2% inVeneto, 28.0% inLombardy, 26.7% inTrentino, 25.8% inFriuli-Venezia Giulia and 22.6% inPiedmont), but also made inroads in the rest of the country, especially inCentral Italy (notably 20.2% inUmbria), the upper part of the South (13.8% inAbruzzo) andSardinia (10.8%). The League became the party with the most votes in thecentre-right coalition and thus Salvini wasde facto chosen as coalition's leader; the centre-right won aplurality of seats in the Chamber of Deputies and in the Senate; however, no political group or party won an outright majority, resulting in ahung parliament.[80][81]
After the election's results were known, both Salvini and the head of theFive Star Movement,Luigi Di Maio, stated that they deserved to receive from PresidentSergio Mattarella the mandate to form a new cabinet, because they led, respectively, the largest party and the largest coalition.[82] On 6 March, Salvini repeated his campaign message that his party would refuse any coalition with the Five Star Movement.[83]
On 24 March, the centre-right coalition and the Five Star Movement agreed on the election of presidents of the Houses of Parliament,Roberto Fico of M5S for the Chamber andMaria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati of Forza Italia for the Senate.[84][85]
On 7 May, President Mattarella held a third round of government formation talks, after which he formally confirmed the lack of any possible majority. The Five Star Movement was rejecting an alliance with the entire centre-right coalition, theDemocratic Party was rejecting an alliance with both the Five Star Movement and the centre-right coalition, and the League refusing to enter a government with the Five Star Movement withoutSilvio Berlusconi's Forza Italia party (yet whose presence in the government was explicitly vetoed by Luigi Di Maio).
Consequently, Mattarella announced his intention to soon appoint a "neutral government" (irrespective of M5S and League's refusal to support such an option). This would take over from theGentiloni Cabinet, which was considered unable to lead Italy into a second consecutive election as it was representing a majority from a past legislature, and offering an early election in July (on what would be the first ever summer general election in Italy) as a realistic option to take into consideration due to the deadlock situation.[86] The Lega and M5S agreed to hold new elections on 8 July, an option that was however rejected by all other parties.[87][88][89]
On 9 May, after a day of rumours, both Salvini and Di Maio officially requested that President Mattarella give them 24 more hours to strike a government agreement between the two parties.[90] That evening, Silvio Berlusconi publicly announced Forza Italia would not support a Five Star Movement – League government on a vote of confidence, but he would still maintain the centre-right alliance nonetheless, thus opening the door to a possible majority government between the two parties.[91]
On 13 May, the Five Star Movement and the League reached an agreement in principle on a government programme, likely clearing the way for the formation of a governing coalition between the two parties, but could not find an agreement regarding the members of a government cabinet, most importantly the prime minister. Five Star Movement and League leaders met with Mattarella on 14 May to guide the formation of a new government.[92] On their meeting with President Mattarella, both parties asked for an additional week of negotiations to agree on a detailed government programme and a prime minister to lead the joint government. Both M5S and the League announced their intention to ask their respective members to vote on the government agreement by the weekend.
Salvini with League's delegation at theQuirinal Palace in April 2018
On 21 May 2018, Di Maio and Salvini proposed the professor of private lawGiuseppe Conte for the role ofPrime Minister in the2018Italian government,[93][94][95] despite reports in the Italian press suggesting that President Mattarella still had significant reservations about the direction of the new government.[96] On 23 May 2018, Conte was invited to theQuirinal Palace to receive the presidential mandate to form a new cabinet.[97][98] In the traditional statement after the appointment, Conte said that he would be the "defense lawyer of the Italian people".[99]
However, on 27 May, Conte renounced his office, due to conflicts between Salvini and President Mattarella. In fact, Salvini proposed the university professorPaolo Savona asMinister of Economy and Finances, but Mattarella strongly opposed him.[100] In his speech after Conte's resignation, Mattarella declared that the two parties wanted to bring Italy out of theEurozone, and as the guarantor of the Italian Constitution and the country's interest and stability he could not allow this. Moreover, in the same speech he affirmed that a possible abandonment of the euro had never been declared during the electoral campaign.[101][102]
On the following day, Mattarella gaveCarlo Cottarelli, a former director of theInternational Monetary Fund, the task of forming a new government.[103] On 28 May 2018, the Democratic Party (PD) announced that it would abstain from voting for Cottarelli, while the Five Star Movement and the center-right partiesForza Italia (FI),Brothers of Italy (FdI) and the League announced their vote against.[104][105]
Cottarelli was expected to submit his list of ministers for approval to President Mattarella on 29 May. However, on 29 and 30 May he held only informal consultations with the President, waiting for the formation of a "political government".[106][107] Meanwhile, Matteo Salvini and Luigi Di Maio announced their willingness to restart the negotiations to form a political government;Giorgia Meloni, leader of FdI, gave her support to the initiative.[106][107][108] On 31 May, the Five Star Movement and the Lega Nord reached an agreement on the new government, without Paolo Savona as finance minister (who would become Minister of European Affairs instead), and with Giuseppe Conte at its head.[109][110]
Along with the membership recruitment of the League in the Centre-North, in 2018 the party launched a parallel membership recruitment in the Centre-South under the name of "League for Salvini Premier" (LSP),[111] practically supplanting theUs with Salvini movement. The LSP, whose platform had been published in theGazzetta Ufficiale in December 2017[112] and had been described as a "parallel party",[113][114] might eventually replace both the LN and NcS, which would be merged into one. In the meantime, the parties' joint parliamentary groups were named "League–Salvini Premier" in the Chamber[115] and "League–Salvini Premier–Sardinian Action Party" in the Senate.[116] According to news sources, all this is closely related to the seizure by the judiciary of the bank accounts of the LN, after the conviction of Bossi and Belsito for fraud (seeLega Nord#From Bossi to Maroni). If the seizure is confirmed, extended to the bank accounts of the party's national sections or even involves any political entity featuring "Lega" in its name, Salvini might launch a brand-new party and absorb most of the centre-right parties into it.[117][118]
On 22 February 2019, the Italian magazineL'espresso published an investigation revealing a 3 million euro funding scheme,[119] paid for by Kremlin-linked entities and disguised as a diesel sale. The scheme involved the Russian state-owned oil companyRosneft selling 3 million dollars' worth of diesel to an Italian company. Allegedly, the money was to be transferred from Rosneft to the League through a Russian subsidy of the Italian bankBanca Intesa, in which League's federal council member Andrea Mascetti is a board member. The money was supposed to fund the comingEuropean election campaign. Italian authorities are currently investigating the matter.[120]
The case obtained renewed attention in July 2019 whenBuzzFeed made public the voice recordings and full transcripts of the meeting at the base of the investigation previously published byL'Espresso. The recordings show Salvini's public relations officer Gianluca Savoini meeting with Russian agents close toVladimir Putin in Moscow, at the same time when Salvini was also in Moscow on an official trip. The meeting centered around providing the Lega with $65 million of illegal funding by the Russian state. The matter was made part of a larger investigation by Italian authorities into the League's finances.[120][121] The League has an official cooperation deal with Russia's governing partyUnited Russia.[122]
In August 2019, in yet another funding scandal unrelated to the previously mentioned Russia investigations,Italy's highest court sentenced Salvini's party to pay back 49 million euros ($54.83 million) of illegally acquired taxpayer funding to the Italian state. Additionally, Belsito was given prison sentences.[123]
In the summer of 2019, Salvini visited several public beaches to campaign, something unusual for an Italian politician.[124][125]
In September 2022, numerous League committees expressed their desire to call for a Federal Congress and replace Salvini as Secretary. In October, the party founderUmberto Bossi announced the creation of the "Northern Committee" to re-gain trust from voters. Many politicians within the party joined this faction, which is openly challenging Salvini.
Salvini with U.S. Vice PresidentMike Pence, in 2019
On 1 June 2018, Matteo Salvini was sworn in asDeputy Prime Minister andMinister of the Interior.[142] He immediately stated that his main aim was to drastically reduce thenumber of illegal immigrants to Italy.[143] Early in his tenure, numerous media outlets noted that despite Salvini's junior status in the governing coalition, he placed himself in a role even more dominant than Conte and appeared to set Italy's agenda.[9][10][11][12][13] The media also noted Salvini's "savvy social media presence."[144][145]
Days after taking his oath, the new Interior Minister created adiplomatic incident withTunisia, stating that the country sent Italy only convicts who came to Europe with the sole aim of committing crimes.[146] The Tunisian government expressed "profound amazement at the remarks of the Italian interior minister regarding immigration."[147]
On 10 June 2018, Salvini announced the closure of Italianports, stating that "Everyone in Europe is doing their own business, now Italy is also raising its head. Let's stop the business of illegal immigration."[148] The vesselAquarius, which is operated jointly byMédecins Sans Frontières andSOS Méditerranée and carried more than 600 migrants, was refused a port of disembarkation by the Italian authorities despite having been told to rescue the migrants by the same co-ordination centre. The Italian authority told the vessel to askMalta to provide a disembarkation port, but Malta has also refused.[149] On the following day, the new Spanish Prime MinisterPedro Sánchez accepted the disputed migrant ship.[150]
On 16 June 2018, Matteo Salvini said, "These people should know that Italy no longer wants to be any part of this business of clandestine immigration and they will have to look for other ports to go to", adding "As minister and as a father, I take this action for the benefit of all".[151]
On 18 June 2018, Salvini announced the government would conduct a census ofRomani people in Italy for the purpose of deporting all who are not in the country legally.[10][152][153][154] However, this measure was criticized as unconstitutional and was opposed by all the opposition parties and also by some members of the M5S.[155]
On 19 June 2018, Salvini announced his intention to conduct a compulsive racial census of Italians to registerRoma people, while stating that Roma who are Italians could "unfortunately" not be deported. This caused an outcry in Italy since racial registration is forbidden by the Italian constitution. Italian Prime MinisterGiuseppe Conte forced Salvini to drop the proposal. The opposition leaderMatteo Orfini reacted by suggesting Salvini should rather do a "census of racists and fascists".[156]
Salvini with U.S. Secretary of StateMike Pompeo, in 2019
On 24 September 2018, the Council of Ministers approved the so-called "Salvini Decree", which contained a series of hardline measures that abolished key forms of protection for migrants and made it easier for them to be deported. The decree also suspended the refugee application process of those who were considered "socially dangerous" or who had been convicted of a crime.[157]
On 12 June 2019, theSea Watch 3 ship picked up 53 migrants in the Mediterranean off the Libyan coast.Sea Watch 3 rejected an offer to dock atTripoli, which is considered unsafe by humanitarian organizations, and headed toward Lampedusa. According to a report by theSüddeutsche Zeitung and NGOs this was the nearest safe harbor permaritime law. On 14 June, Italy closed its ports to migrant rescue ships. Salvini refused to allow the ship to dock until other European nations had agreed to take the migrants. Ten of the migrants, including children, pregnant women, and those who were ill, were allowed to disembark. On 29 June, without authorization, ship's captainCarola Rackete decided to dock. The motivation for this was that according to her the passengers were exhausted. Rackete was arrested by the Italian authorities after docking. Matteo Salvini accused Rackete of trying to sink an Italian patrol boat that was attempting to intercept her, calling the incident an act of war and demanding theNetherlands government intervention. However, on 2 July, Rackete was released from house arrest after a court ruling that she had broken no laws and acted to protect passengers' safety.[158]
In August 2019, Salvini announced a motion of no confidence against Prime Minister Conte, after growing tensions within the majority.[159] Many political analysts saw the no confidence motion as a move by Salvini to force a call for snap elections where he could become the next Prime Minister of Italy.[160] On 20 August, following the parliamentary debate in which Conte harshly accused Salvini of being a political opportunist who "had triggered the political crisis only to serve his personal interest",[161] the Prime Minister resigned his post to President Mattarella.[162] Salvini's alleged gambit failed, as Conte successfully negotiated the formation of anew cabinet with centre-leftDemocratic Party.
On 22 October 2021, Salvini was recorded during a closed-door meeting saying that Giorgia Meloni's Brothers of Italy party "should remain the opposition without breaking our balls".[168] He also admitted defeat in the2021 Italian local elections, saying that "when you lose disgracefully, lagging by 30 points in some big cities, there is little to celebrate. The centre-right's split in two or three pieces certainly doesn't help."[169] Salvini later claimed to have laughed about the recording in a WhatsApp exchange with Meloni.[169]
Deputy Prime Minister and Infrastructure Minister (2022–present)
On 22 October 2022,Giorgia Meloni, the leader ofBrothers of Italy party, was sworn in as Italy's first female prime minister. Lega leader Matteo Salvini became deputy prime minister in her government. The new government, Italy's most right-wing since World War II, included also centre-right party of ex-prime ministerSilvio Berlusconi.[170]
In April 2024, a vote of no confidence was initiated against Salvini and did not pass.[171]
In February 2020, the Senate formally authorized a trial against Salvini over theGregoretti Italian coastguard ship case, in which – as Interior Minister at the time – he was accused of kidnapping the rescued migrants by forbidding the ship from docking at the port ofAugusta, Sicily.[172] A judge inCatania dismissed the case in May 2021, ruling that no crime had been committed, the incident was not a kidnapping, and that Salvini's six-day block to allow for other EU countries to resettle the migrants was permissible under international law.[173]
Second trial for rejecting migrant ship (acquitted)
On 30 July 2020, the Senate authorized (by 149 votes against 141) a second trial against Salvini over theOpen Arms case, where he was accused of kidnapping migrants after blocking the NGO's rescue ship off the coast of Sicily in August 2019.[174] Salvini defended his actions, stating: "Defending Italy is not a crime. I am proud of it, I would do it again, and I will do it again."[175]
In October 2021, Salvini's second trial on migrant kidnapping charges began inPalermo, Sicily.[176] The American actorRichard Gere was called as a witness by Open Arms, having visited their rescue boat in solidarity with the crew and passengers.[177]
In September 2024, prosecutors requested a six-year prison sentence for Salvini as part of the trial that began in July 2020. His defense was scheduled for October 18, ahead of the first sentencing.[178] On 20 December 2024, a court inPalermo acquitted Matteo Salvini of charges relating to the illegal detention of 100 migrants, which stemmed from his refusal to allow disembarkation from the humanitarian rescue vesselOpen Arms inLampedusa in 2019.[179]
In May 2021, a preliminary investigations judge dismissed a charge of instigation against Salvini for criticizing a German activist who smuggled migrants into Italy. It was alleged that by callingCarola Rackete a criminal, he had instigated violence against her.[180] The investigation found that he was not responsible for the death threats she received from others.[181]
Also in May 2021, Salvini accused media magnateCarlo De Benedetti, who had called him an antisemite, of defamation. De Benedetti, who is Jewish, faced trial for his remarks.[182] At the trial, Salvini denied accusations of anti-semitism and described them as defamatory but defended De Benedetti's right to criticize him.[183] The case was dismissed and the dismissal was upheld by the court of appeals.[184]
Salvini has been described ashard Eurosceptic, holding a starkly critical view of theEuropean Union (EU), especially of theeuro, which he once described as a "crime against humanity".[185] Though in October 2012, he said he supported euro for Northern Italy, whilst Southern Italy should not use it: "I in Milan want it, because here we are in Europe. The South, on the other hand, is like Greece and needs another currency. The euro cannot afford it."[186] Salvini is also opposed toillegal immigration into Italy and the EU and the EU's management of asylum seekers.[187][188] In September 2018, he said: "I'm paid by citizens to help our young people start having children again the way they did a few years ago, and not to uproot the best of the African youth to replace Europeans who are not having children anymore".[189] His political views have been described as on the far-right,[190][191] espousing policies such as, among others, collecting census data on and expelling members of the Roma community living illegally in Italy.[10]
In 2016, a retweet posted from Salvini's Twitter account called for the shooting of "communist judges". Salvini disowned the retweet, claiming it was posted by a staffer by mistake.[198]
Salvini accused France of "stealing wealth" from formerAfrican colonies and generating mass migration to Europe.[205] He also said that "InLibya France has no interest in stabilising the situation because it has oil interests opposite to those of Italy."[206] In the wake of theMVEnrica Lexie case, Salvini called for the expulsion of the Indian Ambassador to Italy and a military operation to extract the two detained Italian marines accused by India of the shooting.[207][208] He later advocated for Italy purchasing IndianCOVID-19 vaccines in March 2021.[209]
Salvini supported theSaudi-led blockade of Qatar prior to taking office on the grounds thatQatar funded terrorism.[210] Upon becoming Deputy Prime Minister, he also praised Saudi Arabia as "an element of stability and reliability both in bilateral relations and as an actor in the more general Middle Eastern chessboard", and pledged to expand security, economic, commercial and cultural ties with the Kingdom.[211] However, he later reversed his stance, praising Qatar for its "balance" as opposed to Saudi Arabian "extremism"[212] and encouraged Qatari investment in Italy,[213] while opposing Saudi investment proposals in Italy[200] and condemning the decision to host theSupercoppa Italiana final in Saudi Arabia as "disgusting".[214] Salvini has called for stronger Italian ties with Morocco, describing it as "the most stable country in the entire Mediterranean", and criticising an EU resolution that accused Morocco of using migration as political pressure towards Spain.[215]
Salvini has been critical of Iranian policy towards Israel,[216] and expressed scepticism towards theIran nuclear deal.[217] However, he prefers dialogue over newsanctions.[218] He considersHezbollah a terrorist organisation, contradicting the official stance of the Italian government.[219] He supportedrecognition of Jerusalem as the capital of Israel,[220] and in January 2020, he stated his support for moving Italy's embassy in Israel to the city.[221] On 12 December 2018, the Prime Minister of Israel,Benjamin Netanyahu, hailed him as a "great friend of Israel".[222][223] Following theOctober 7 attacks in 2023, Salvini accused the Italian branch ofAmnesty International of "racism" for refusing to attend acomic and games festival, due to Israel's Embassy in Italy having sponsored the event.[224] Salvini also condemnedErdoğan's labeling of Hamas as "liberators", saying such claims "do not help de-escalation".[225]
Salvini condemned the2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and said he wanted to helpUkrainian refugees and support the countries that accepted them.[14] In the past, however, he praised Russian presidentVladimir Putin,[230] and took a picture of himself wearing a T-shirt with Putin's face in Moscow. In response to the criticism, he said he preferred Putin to the Italian PresidentSergio Mattarella.[231] He was confronted for his past support of Putin byWojciech Bakun, the mayor of a Polish townPrzemyśl, while visiting its refugee center during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[232]
In September 2018, Salvini endorsed conservative nationalist candidateJair Bolsonaro in theBrazilian presidential election that year.[233] In May 2021, he spoke at the congress of the Portuguese nationalist partyChega, saying that he wanted to unite Europe's populists, conservatives and identitarians against socialists and communists.[234]
In 2001, Matteo Salvini married Fabrizia Ieluzzi, a journalist who worked for a private radio station, by whom he had one child in 2003.[235] After his divorce he had a daughter by hisdomestic partner Giulia Martinelli in 2012.[236] He later became engaged toElisa Isoardi, a popular TV host.[237] After a relationship of nearly three years, Isoardi announced their split in November 2018 via an Instagram post.[238] As of March 2019, Salvini is engaged to Francesca Verdini, daughter of the politicianDenis Verdini.[239] Salvini is nicknamed "The Captain" (Il Capitano) by his supporters.[240][241]
^Migliorini, Bruno; Tagliavini, Carlo; Fiorelli, Piero; Borri, Tommaso Francesco, eds. (2010) [1969]."Matteo".Dizionario d'Ortografia e di Pronunzia della lingua italiana (in Italian). Rome:Rai Eri.ISBN978-88-397-1478-7.
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