Markušica | |
|---|---|
| Municipality of Markušica Općina Markušica Општина Маркушица | |
     .jpg)  -%25D0%259F%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%259A%25D0%25B5_(%25D0%25A5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0)_02.jpg) Villages of the Markušica Municipality | |
 Coat of arms | |
 | |
  Markušica  Markušica  Markušica | |
| Coordinates:45°22′26″N18°42′22″E / 45.373766°N 18.706208°E /45.373766; 18.706208 | |
| Country |  Croatia |
| Region | Slavonia |
| County |  Vukovar-Syrmia |
| Government | |
| • Municipal mayor | Tihomir Kolarević (SDSS) |
| Area | |
| 73.8 km2 (28.5 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 22.2 km2 (8.6 sq mi) |
| Population (2021)[3] | |
| 1,773 | |
| • Density | 24.0/km2 (62.2/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 733 |
| • Urban density | 33.0/km2 (85.5/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Serbo-Croatian:Markušičanin (♂)Serbo-Croatian:Markušičanka (♀) (pergrammatical gender) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Vehicle registration | VK |
| Official languages | Croatian,Serbian[4] |
| Website | markusica |
Markušica (Serbian Cyrillic:Маркушица,[5]Hungarian:Márkusfalva,German:Sankt Markus) is avillage and a municipality inVukovar-Syrmia County in easternCroatia. Markušica is located south of the riverVuka and northwest of the town ofVinkovci. The landscape of the Markušica Municipality is marked by thePannonian Basin plains and agricultural fields ofwheat,maize,common sunflower andsugar beet.
The modern day municipality was established in 1997 by theUNTAES administration as one of newpredominantly Serb municipalities in order to ensure access to local self-government to Serb community in the region. Alongside Markušica it includes the villages ofGaboš,Karadžićevo,Ostrovo andPodrinje. Before the United Nations administrator implemented anty-gerrymandering reorganization, Markušica and Podrinje were a part of theTordinci Municipality, while Karadžićevo, Ostrvo and Gaboš were linked toJarmina Municipality making Serb community minority in both of them.
Markušica Municipality is connected with the surrounding area viaD518 road and L209 Vinkovci–Gaboš–Osijek railway, with local stations inGaboš andOstrovo.
The municipality has a total area of 74.29 km2 (28.68 sq mi).[6] RiverVuka flows through the municipality and territory of the municipality is completely flat, very fertile black soil. It is connected byD518 highway with the rest of the country.
OneScordisciarchaeological site in Markušica dating back to lateLa Tène culture wasexcavated in the 1970s and 1980s as a part ofrescue excavations in eastern Croatia.[7] Archaeological site was a part of the settlement network of Scordisci in the area ofVinkovci.[7]
Markušica was one of the feudal villages that existed in the region before theOttoman rule in Hungary.[8] After the end ofGreat Turkish War the village was settled byEastern OrthodoxVlachs from surrounding areas and the easternBosnia.[8] In 1736 there were 40 inhabited houses in Markušica.[8] In 1866 this number increased at 192 houses and 1003 inhabitants out of which 902 were Eastern Orthodox.[8]
Colonist settlements ofAda,Gaboš,Križevci,Podrinje, andŠodolovci were established on the territory of the village municipality during theland reform in interwar Yugoslavia.[9]
The modern day Municipality of Markušica was established by the decision of theUnited States diplomat and at the time Transitional Administrator for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western SirmiumJacques Paul Klein. As theregion wasdirectly governed as anUN protectorate Transitional Administrator was the highest authority responsible for administrative affairs. Markušica Municipality was established as one of new predominantly Serb municipalities in order to ensure access to local self-government to Serb community in the region. Prior to the decision, the international community expressed concerns over the perceived gerrymandering, disenfranchisement of refugees and minority representation.[10]
There are 2 555 inhabitants, the majority of the population which areSerbs, who make up 90.10% of the population according to the 2011 population census.[11]
Due to the local minority population, the Markušica municipality prescribes the use of not onlyCroatian as the official language, but theSerbian language andSerbian Cyrillic alphabet as well.[12][13][14]: 2 As of 2023, most of the legal requirements for the fulfillment of bilingual standards have been carried out. Official buildings do have Cyrillic signage, as do street signs and seals, but not traffic signs. Cyrillic is used most official documents, but there is a lack of Cyrillic fluency among public legal and administrative servants. Of all the municipalities in Croatia in which Cyrillic is co-official, it is most actively used by the administration in Markušica andBorovo.[14]: 133, 134 Preserving traditional Serbian place names and assigning street names to Serbian historical figures is legally mandated and carried out.[14]: 135
Most of the population are Serbian Orthodox that are practicing their religion in the church that was built in 1810 and re-built in 1989.[citation needed]
The Municipality of Markušica is one of seven Serb majority member municipalities within theJoint Council of Municipalities, inter-municipalsui generis organization of ethnic Serb community in eastern Croatia established on the basis ofErdut Agreement. As Serb community constitute the majority of the population of the municipality it is represented by 2 delegated Councillors at the Assembly of the Joint Council of Municipalities, double the number of Councillors to the number from Serb minority municipalities in Eastern Croatia.[15]
The municipality assembly is composed of 13 representatives, plus additional seats for municipality minority groups if they don't get the proportional number of seats. Assembly members come from electoral lists winning more than 5% of votes. The dominant party in the municipality since the reintegration of eastern Slavonia in 1998 is Independent Democratic Serb Party. 681 or 33,32 % out of 2.044 voters participated in2017 Croatian local elections with 93,69 % valid votes.[16] With 92,80% and 632 votes, Budimir Brača from Independent Democratic Serb Party was elected as municipality major.[16] As of 2017, the member parties/lists are:
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Independent Democratic Serb Party | 638 | 100,00 | 13 | ||||
| Invalid/blank votes | 43 | 6,31 | — | ||||
| Total | 681 | 100 | — | ||||
| Registered voters/turnout | 2.044 | 33,32 | — | ||||
 | |||||||
| Source[16]page 57-58(in Croatian) | |||||||
Directly elected minority councils and representatives are tasked with consulting tasks for the local or regional authorities in which they are advocating for minority rights and interests, integration into public life and participation in the management of local affairs.[17] At the2023 Croatian national minorities councils and representatives electionsSerbs of Croatia fulfilled legal requirements to elect 10 members minority councils of the Markušica Municipality.[18]
Markušica is an underdeveloped municipality which is statistically classified as theFirst Category Area of Special State Concern by theGovernment of Croatia.[19]
 | This sectiondoes notcite anysources. Please helpimprove this section byadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged andremoved.(December 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Markušica Municipality is famous for a monument dedicated to a soldier killed inWorld War II. The village has a unique monument to a female Soviet pilot from theRed Army, who fought against theNazis and whose plane was shot down here. The village also has anEastern Orthodox Church from 1810, which was damaged inthe war inCroatia.[clarify]
The village has a volunteer fire department.[20]
The municipality consists of the following settlements:[21]
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link){{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link){{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)Places adjacent to Markušica | |
|---|---|
Markušica Municipality | ||
|---|---|---|
| Settlements | | |
| Attractions | ||
| Traffic routes | ||
Subdivisions ofVukovar-Syrmia County | ||
|---|---|---|
| Towns |  | |
| Municipalities | ||
Villages of Vukovar-Syrmia County | ||
|---|---|---|
| Villages administered as part of cities |  | |
| Villages serving as municipal seat (other villages in municipality) | ||
