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Marktheidenfeld | |
|---|---|
 Marktheidenfeld river front | |
 Coat of arms | |
Location of Marktheidenfeld within Main-Spessart district  | |
 Location of Marktheidenfeld | |
  Marktheidenfeld  Marktheidenfeld | |
| Coordinates:49°51′N9°36′E / 49.850°N 9.600°E /49.850; 9.600 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Bavaria |
| Admin. region | Unterfranken |
| District | Main-Spessart |
| Subdivisions | 6Stadtteile |
| Government | |
| • Mayor(2020–26) | Thomas Stamm[1] (CSU) |
| Area | |
• Total | 35.7 km2 (13.8 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 154 m (505 ft) |
| Population (2023-12-31)[2] | |
• Total | 11,724 |
| • Density | 328/km2 (851/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 97828 |
| Dialling codes | 0 93 91 |
| Vehicle registration | MSP |
| Website | www.marktheidenfeld.de |
Marktheidenfeld (German pronunciation:[maʁktˈhaɪdn̩fɛlt]ⓘ) is a town in theMain-Spessart district in theRegierungsbezirk ofLower Franconia (Unterfranken) inBavaria,Germany, and the seat (but not a member) of theVerwaltungsgemeinschaft (municipal association) of Marktheidenfeld. The town has around 11,000 inhabitants.
The town lies 24 km west ofWürzburg at theMainviereck (Main Square) on the eastern side of theSpessart (range), geologically on the seam between the Spessart red sandstone area and theMuschelkalk area of theFränkische Platte (a flat, mostly agricultural region), which between the Main Square and theMaindreieck (Main Triangle) is known as theMarktheidenfelder Platte.
Marktheidenfeld'sStadtteile are Glasofen (amalgamated in 1972), Zimmern (1974), Marienbrunn (1975), Altfeld, Michelrieth and Oberwittbach (all in 1978).
The town has the followingGemarkungen (traditional rural cadastral areas): Altfeld, Glasofen, Marienbrunn, Marktheidenfeld, Michelrieth, Oberwittbach and Zimmern.
Heidenfeld may have arisen during theFrankish taking of the land in the early 8th century. Already by 855 a place by that name was mentioned as belonging to the Holzkirchen Monastery, which from this time belonged to theFulda Abbey. The Counts of Wertheim, who were the monastery'sVögte also managed in the late 13th century to secure the same office over Heidenfeld.[3]: 48
In 1397, Marktheidenfeld was first described as a town (oppidum). Between 1522 and 1530, theReformation was introduced by Georg II into theCounty of Wertheim, and thereby also into Marktheidenfeld. After a period in which Catholic and Protestant worship co-existed, the majority turned to Protestantism. The town also experienced an economic boom at that time. However, due to a bad harvest in 1524, apeasant uprising erupted in 1525. Although hesitant at first, the Count of Wertheim supported the local peasants for a while before their army was defeated at Würzburg. In 1556, the line of the Counts of Wertheim died out. Following extended inheritance disputes, Heidenfeld was taken over by thePrince-Bishop of Würzburg in 1612.[3]: 48
Under BishopJulius Echter von Mespelbrunn theCounterreformation forced the local populace back into the Catholic church. This met with resistance and Echter established a new parish at Heidenfeld, as well as ordering the construction of a large church, theSt.- Laurentius-Kirche. In 1615, the town was awarded the status ofFlecken and over the next decades started to be known as "Marktheidenfeld".[3]: 49
From 1632 to 1634, after the Swedes’ victories in theThirty Years' War, the town was once again part of the County of Wertheim andProtestant, albeit for only a short time, for the town soon returned to Würzburg.[3]: 49
In 1649, the name Marktheidenfeld made its first appearance, to distinguish the town from the Heidenfeld Monastery nearSchweinfurt, which likewise belonged to Würzburg. TheAmt of Würzburg wassecularized in Bavaria's favour in 1803, and then ceded in a border adjustment treaty in 1807 to theGrand Duchy of Würzburg, with which it passed in 1814 to theKingdom of Bavaria.
In 1814, Marktheidenfeld became the seat of the Homburg district court, forerunner of the MarktheidenfeldBezirksamt (a local authority), which in 1939 took the nameLandratsamt (district head's office). In 1948, Marktheidenfeld, which underwent a great upswing in population growth after theSecond World War with the arrival ofHeimatvertriebene, was raised to town.[3]: 48 In 1972, the Marktheidenfeld district (Landkreis Marktheidenfeld) was abolished. Since the municipal reforms in Bavaria (1972–1976), the formerly self-administering communities of Altfeld, Glasofen, Marienbrunn, Michelrieth, Oberwittbach and Zimmern have belonged to Marktheidenfeld.
The town had some 530 inhabitants in 1542, roughly 730 to 800 in the late 16th century, 630 in 1633 and by the end of theThirty Years' War, in 1648, possibly 500 to 550. In 1673 the figure had risen again to some 700, and about 1,100 people lived in Marktheidenfeld by 1720.
In 1920, after theFirst World War, 2,058 inhabitants lived in Marktheidenfeld, in 1925, this had shrunk slightly to 2,030, but had risen again to 2,232 in 1933. The population had further grown by 1938 to 2,687 inhabitants. After the Second World War, in 1946, there were 4,302 inhabitants. Within town limits, 8,364 inhabitants were counted in 1970, 9,421 in 1987 and in 2000 10,803.
On 1 July 2005, 9,034 inhabitants (76.5%) lived in the main town, and 2,773 (23.5%) in the six outlying centres. The total figure amounted to 11,807 inhabitants, of whom foreigners accounted for just under 8%.
| Centre | Population |
|---|---|
| Marktheidenfeld (main town) | 8,803 |
| Altfeld | 752 |
| Glasofen | 435 |
| Marienbrunn | 373 |
| Michelrieth | 557 |
| Oberwittbach | 144 |
| Zimmern | 457 |
as of 1 January 2008
Marktheidenfeld is the base of the sectUniversal Life.
Municipal taxes in 1999 amounted to €13,797,000 (converted), of which net business taxes amounted to €8,484,000.
From June to July, several events take place, such as theAltstadtfest (Old Town Festival) and the Caribbean Night.
Since 1999 each year in July the Marktheidenfeld Rowing Club has held the "Red Dragon Cup", at which company and club teams take part indragon boat races in which even costumes are awarded prizes.
On the first weekend in August, the charburners’ club stages its traditional charburners’ festival (Köhlerfest) in the outlying centre of Glasofen.
In August, the Marktheidenfeld Folk Festival, theLaurenzi-Messe, takes place for ten days. The event's centrepiece is theLaurenzimarkt (market), which since 2007 has been on the bank of the Main.
TheFranck-Haus is a richly adorned townsman's house from theBaroque period, built in 1745, and is one of the town's most important sights.[3]: 49 The building master was the wine merchant and salesman Franz Valentin Franck (1702–1777). Since 1987, the house has been under the town's ownership. From 1994 to 1998 it was renovated, for which the façade's smalt-blue colour, which at the time the house was built was the most expensive colour, was reconstituted. Today the house is used for exhibitions.[4]
Permanent exhibits include the "world’s smallest library", a collection ofminiature books from Valentin Kaufmann's legacy, a demonstration smithy, an old smith's workshop built in the courtyard, and an information room on painter and artistic craftsman Hermann Gradl's life and works.
Saint Lawrence's Church (St.-Laurentius-Kirche) has been rebuilt and renovated for more than 700 years. Overall, four major stages of construction, inRomanesque,Gothic,Baroque andBaroque Revival styles, respectively, can be discerned.
Its features includemediaeval frescoes in thechoir and two tomb slabs from the 16th century.
TheAlte Mainbrücke ("Old Main Bridge"), made out of redsandstone blocks, was built in the mid-19th century duringKing Ludwig I's reign, and opened in 1845. More than 150 years later, the oldarch bridge was followed by theNordbrücke ("North Bridge"), abowstring arch bridge with the unusual feature of hangers that cross each other.
Other sights include the old town with historictimber-frame houses, the Main Promenade, the marketplace with theFischerbrunnen (fountain), and theKreuzbergkapelle (chapel), consecrated in 1890. This stands on its namesake mountain, the Kreuzberg, and can be reached by aWay of the Cross.
Since 1 May 2020, Thomas Stamm (CSU) has been the mayor.
 | This section needs to beupdated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(January 2016) |
Apportionment of the 24 seats (2008-2014 electoral period)
The town'sarms might be described thus: Argent, in base water azure, thereupon a bridge of stone gules masoned sable with three piers upon which segmented arches with keystones, in chief a mullet of the second.
The town's first arms were conferred on 7 September 1883 and showed similarcharges, the main differences being that the bridge – which is the local bridge across theMain – bore a golden uppercase cursive L with a silver crown on top on the middle spandrel, which was flanked each side by two digits of the year 1846 (the bridge's building date), that the arches were round rather than segmented and had no keystones, and that the mullet (star shape) was Or (golden) rather than azure (blue). The water was also "proper", meaning that it was shown in natural colour. The current form of the coat of arms has been used since 1930, but was not actually conferred until 1965.[5]
Marktheidenfeld istwinned with:[6]
Montfort-sur-Meu, France, since 1988
Pobiedziska, Poland, since 2007
Germantown, Ohio, United States of America, since 1980The river Main is a Federal Waterway (Bundeswasserstraße) of the first order for which theAschaffenburg Water and Ship Transport Office (Wasser- und Schifffahrtsamt Aschaffenburg) is responsible.
The FederalAutobahnA 3 (Nuremberg-Frankfurt) runs east-west, cutting acrossStaatsstraßen (State Roads) 2299 and 2315 in the outlying centre of Altfeld, whereasBundesstrasse 8, running through the municipal area, serves as an Autobahn feeder road.
A well-developed bus network run by theNahverkehrsgesellschaft Main-Spessart ("Main-Spessart Local Transport Company") links the town and its environs. Within town runs a bus.
There is a glider airfield in the outlying centre of Altfeld.
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