Deadpool is a 2016 Americansuperhero film based on theMarvel Comics characterof the same name, distributed by20th Century Fox. It is the eighth installment of theX-Men film series. The film was directed byTim Miller from a screenplay byRhett Reese andPaul Wernick, and starsRyan Reynolds in the title role alongsideMorena Baccarin,Ed Skrein,T. J. Miller,Gina Carano,Leslie Uggams,Brianna Hildebrand, andStefan Kapičić. InDeadpool, Wade Wilson hunts the man who gave himmutant abilities, but also a scarred physical appearance, as thewisecracking,fourth wall-breakingantihero Deadpool.
After spending 10 years indevelopment hell,Deadpool received a greenlight from Fox with a much smaller budget than is usually given to a big superhero film, $58 million.[1][2] This included giving the production team, including Miller in hisdirectorial debut, the leeway they needed to create a comic-accurate film,[3][4] after the less-faithful portrayal of the character inX-Men Origins: Wolverine was not well received. Focus was placed on reproducing the tone, humor, and violence of the comics.[5]Deadpool was released in the United States on February 12, 2016,[1] and became a critical and financial success, breaking numerous box office records around the world.
An extensive marketing campaign was carried out before the film's release, with Reynolds working closely with the Fox marketing team to take advantage of the internet and social media due to the film's much lower budget than other superhero films. Focus was put on the lead character and his signature humor and violence rather than solely the film, with Reynolds appearing in character as Deadpool for several different promotions.
The marketing budget forDeadpool was smaller than usual, like the production budget, so Reynolds worked closely with Fox domestic marketing chief Marc Weinstock to use the internet to their advantage and come up with cheaper, "Deadpool-based" ways to market the film. Weinstock noted that it was unusual for an actor in a film to do this.[6][7] Reynolds kept one of the Deadpool costumes for himself, and appeared in it throughout the marketing campaign.[8] Visual effects vendorImage Engine animated Deadpool's mask for these appearances, using a similar process to that used by Weta Digital for the film.[9]
In July, director Miller and several cast members attended the 2015 San Diego Comic-Con to present a trailer for the film, which received astanding ovation from attendees who requested that it be played again.[10]Hugh Jackman was present at the panel when this occurred, during which he then ran backstage and said to the stage manager “if you don’t play the fucking footage, they are going to tear Hall H to the ground”, despite the panel’s tightly-timed schedule. Writing forBusiness Insider, Joshua Rivera praised the trailer for translating the humor, tone, and violence from the comics.[11] Graeme McMillan ofThe Hollywood Reporter opined thatDeadpool "looks like the first movie that talks to the fan audience in their own language", and praised Stan Lee's strip club cameo.[12]
Two teasers were released on August 3 featuring Deadpool: one where he promises the arrival of the trailer and describes Fox as "the studio that inexplicably sewed his fucking mouth shut the first time",[13] and a short tease at the end of a new trailer for Fox'sFantastic Four.[14] The full trailer was then released, now with completed visual effects.[11]
On December 14, a "12 Days of Deadpool" campaign began with "new images, a featurette, or maybe a new poster" released for the film each day by companies such asPeople,JoBlo.com,Fandango, andMashable leading up to the release of a new trailer onChristmas Day.[15]
ForHalloween, Reynolds released a video with himself in the Deadpool costume, interacting with a group of children dressed as X-Men. He asks them questions such as "How many of you have taken a human life?"[16]
Videos released for the film included apublic service announcement parody instructing men on how to check fortesticular cancer, played during an episode ofThe Bachelor;[17][18] holiday messages forChinese New Year andAustralia Day;[19] a cross-promotional video withManchester United;[19] a video starringBetty White;[19] and an appearance onConan where Deadpool givesConan O'Brien a massage.[20][21]
Additionally, unconventional billboards for the film were put up, including one selling it as aromance film because of the closeness of the film's release toValentine's Day, and one featuring theemojis "💀💩L" which was described as both idiotic and brilliant.[20][22]
Reynolds promoted the film on social media, taking part in a faux rivalry withHugh Jackman onTwitter,Instagram, andFacebook.[20] The campaign also took advantage of Snapchat,Tinder, andPornhub.[21][23] In the two weeks before the film's release, there was an average 10,000 to 20,000 tweets about it a day, which jumped to 90,000 after the early screenings.[18] Weinstock said, "There's a lot of debate as to whether or not social media can really open a movie ... and this proves it can."[7]
In March 2015, Reynolds revealed the Deadpool costume in a parody of a famous magazine shoot ofBurt Reynolds lying on a bear skin in front of a fireplace.[24] The next month, Reynolds said in an interview onExtra withMario Lopez that the film would be "family friendly", only to see Deadpool seemingly murder Lopez and announce that the video was anApril Fools' joke and "Deadpool will of course be rated R."[25]
In January, fan events inNew York City andLos Angeles that promised "first look footage" were actually early screenings of the film. Reynolds attended the New York screening, while Tim Miller attended the Los Angeles screening with Deadpool co-creatorRob Liefeld, Lee, T.J. Miller, Reese, Wernick, and Hildebrand.[26][22] ForSuper Bowl 50, Fox arranged for Reynolds to run ataco truck on the Friday before, serving Deadpool's favorite foodchimichangas; on the Saturday, a location near the Super Bowl stadium was transformed into the bar from the film, with Reynolds and T.J. Miller present to socialize; and during the game, Fox bought a commercial for the film while Reynolds was given control of the company'sSnapchat account.[19] For the week beginning February 8, Fox teamed withViacom to show Deadpool commercials on five different Viacom networks, covering series targeted at several different demographics, including:Teen Mom andRidiculousness onMTV;Tosh.0,Workaholics, and@midnight onComedy Central;Love & Hip Hop onVH1;The Golden Girls onLogo TV; andCops onSpike.@midnight also featured a segment dedicated to the film.[27]
Discussing the campaign forWired, Emma Grey Ellis called it "a relentless marketing siege of every platform you would think of—and some you didn't ... as crazy and unrelenting as it all is, isn't this exactly what we want from Deadpool?"[20] Bobby Anhalt at Screen Rant called it possibly "the best film marketing campaign in the history of cinema", and noted that Deadpool's fourth wall breaking allowed "the marketing team [to] make stunts that appear as though the character himself is crafting them."[22]HostGator's Jeremy Jensen attributed the campaign's success to Reynolds, as well as Fox embracing the film's R rating. He concluded that, "More than anything theDeadpool marketing campaign managed to create a relationship with the people who ended up going to see it. They were honest, creative, and completely relentless."[21] Alisha Grauso ofForbes felt the campaign's success came from the marketing team understanding the character, having freedom from the usual creative constraints put on film marketers, and not revealing much of the film's actual content. Grauso also praised the marketing team for utilizing Reynolds, and said, "Audiences have been more than ready for the weird and wild, and that's the point—Fox was smart enough to see that and run with it. Most marketing campaigns don't give audiences credit for being all that intelligent or open-minded, but the campaign forDeadpool didn't hold back ... [it] was just like the character himself. Unpredictable, non sequitur, hilarious, perverse, and popping up in the strangest of places."[23]
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