Mariana New Manila | |
|---|---|
Barangay | |
 Gilmore Avenue and 3rd St | |
 Seal | |
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  Mariana | |
| Coordinates:14°37′10″N121°02′05″E / 14.61944°N 121.03472°E /14.61944; 121.03472 | |
| Country | Philippines |
| Region | National Capital Region |
| City | Quezon City |
| District | 4th District |
| Established | August 21, 1961[1] |
| Government | |
| • Type | Barangay |
| • Barangay captain | Regine C. San Miguel[2] |
| Area | |
• Total | 1.66 km2 (0.64 sq mi) |
| Population (2020)[3] | |
• Total | 11,967 |
| • Density | 7,209/km2 (18,670/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (PST) |
| Postal Code | 1112[4] |
| Area code | 2 |
| PSGC | 137404060 |
| Website | |
Mariana is an urbanbarangay inQuezon City,Metro Manila,Philippines. It is part of a middle class residential development known asNew Manila, which includes Barangay Mariana and the adjacent barangays of Damayang Lagi,[5] Horseshoe, and Valencia.
Originally ahinterland along theSan Juan River at the outskirts of Manila, the area was purchased from friar lands and other estates byDoña Magdalena and Kemal H. Hemady in the 1920s, developing it into the firstgated community outside ofManila.
FollowingWorld War II, the area experienced significant changes with the development of schools, churches, and the commercialization of adjacent areas. New Manila eventually ceased to become a gated community, with only some roads remaining gated at certain hours of the day, spurring the decline of low-density suburbia in favor of mixed-use and higher-density developments.
Prior to the 1920s, the area that would become known as New Manila was once a hilly, underdevelopedhinterland along the shoreline of theSan Juan River, at the outskirts ofManila. Eventually, as Manila became crowded, noisy, and polluted, new developments in the nearbySan Juan became popular among middle-class families for a much more quiet and peaceful place to live.[6] Thus, the reason it was named New Manila as the place's original settlers moved from Manila.
In the 1920s,Lebanese immigrant Doña Magdalena Hemady purchased 1,000 ha (10 km2) of land fromAugustinian Order friar lands bought by theTaft Commission as a result of Act No. 1120, also known as the Friar Lands Act of 1904. These lands acquired by Doña Hemady became known as theHacienda de Magdalena (Magdalena Estate),[6] including parts of the Ortigas-ownedHacienda de Mandaloyon.[7][8][9]
On March 28, 1922, the estate was incorporated. Hemady and her second husband Kemal H. Hemady, as well as family members Felipe Ysmael and Halim Ysmael, and Sidney C. Schwartzkopf served as the estate's directors. From 1922 to 1923, it was developed into the Manila Heights Subdivision as a residential enclave for the elite.[10][11]: 49 As a result, Hemady became the first real estate developer in the Philippines and the first to establish agated community outside of Manila.[7] The lots along the subdivision's main roads, namely Victoria Avenue, Broadway Avenue, Gilmore Avenue, and Pacific Avenue (now Doña Hemady Avenue) were cut at no less than 2,000 m2 (0.20 ha) per corner. On the other hand, lots along the side streets, numbered 1st to 13th after thenumbered streets in New York City, measured at approximately 1,000 m2 (0.10 ha) each.[6]
In 1937, the New Manila area gained recognition as the "Hollywood of the Philippines", being home toSampaguita Pictures (alongGranada Street, now located in Barangay Valencia), as well as its rival,LVN Pictures,[10] just along Benitez Street, being one of the first companies that produced original Filipino films.[6]
Throughout the 1940s, being far from Manila, the area was able to survive with minimal ruin duringWorld War II.[6] This has led to increased development throughout the 1950s and 1960s around the area, as schools, churches, hospitals, and other institutions were set up in New Manila.[6]
In 1946, theSt. Paul University System set up a Quezon City branch in New Manila, which would be known asSt. Paul College Quezon City (now St. Paul University Quezon City).[12] This was followed by theevangelist Jubilee Christian Elementary School (now Jubilee Christian Academy) moving into a new elementary campus across St. Paul in 1980 and a high school and preschool campus just outside New Manila along E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue in 2002 and 2003.[13]
In 1954, theCarmelites purchased a 17,155 m2 (1.7 ha) property along Broadway Avenue to construct the Chapel of Our Lady of Mount Carmel (now known asMount Carmel Shrine). It was inaugurated on July 16, 1964, on thefeast day ofOur Lady of Mount Carmel, and was declared a parish in 1975.[14]
In 1961, the Dispensary of St. Luke the Beloved Physician (nowSt. Lukes Medical Center) moved from its original 52-bed hospital inTondo, Manila to a new property along E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue, within reach of New Manila.[15] That same year, the New Manila area was included in thebarrio ofMariana in through Quezon City Ordinance No. 4816, which was later converted into a barangay in the 1970s. It was named after Mariana Wilson, one of the original residents of the New Manila area who was known among its residents for spearheading many of social activities within the community.[7]
The continuing migration of middle-class families towards newsuburban developments outside of Manila resulted in available housing in the New Manila area to reach its peak in 1961.[16] At some point as well, the New Manila area ceased to exist as a gated community and was completely opened to outside traffic, with only some roads remaining gated at certain hours of the day.[17]: 51–52 As a result, throughout the 1980s, many of the original, large suburban houses were replaced by higher density developments such astownhouses,condominiums, andmixed-use complexes.[16]
In 2012, the Quezon City government allocated a budget of₱9.94 million to move theQuezon Heritage House, a 3,678 m2 (0.3678 ha) two-storey house owned by formerPhilippine president and city namesakeManuel L. Quezon from its original location alongGilmore Avenue to a dedicated area within theQuezon Memorial Shrine.[18] The reconstructed house was opened to the public on October 21, 2013 by Quezon CitymayorHerbert Bautista and vice mayorJoy Belmonte.[19]
In 2021, parts of the sidewalk along Doña Hemady Avenue were redeveloped as part of Quezon City's Green, Open, Renewable, Access (GORA) Lanes, a 5.39 km (3.35 mi) pedestrian corridor spanning Doña Hemady Avenue, Scout Tobias Street, and Mother Ignacia Avenue in an effort to improve walkability and accessibility.[20]
Mariana and Damayang Lagi are among 19 barangays in Quezon City that are considered to be prone toliquefaction.[17]: 24 Both barangays are located on anadobeclay loam soil referred to as the Novaliches Clay Loam, which is the predominant type of soil in Quezon City.[21]: 9 The slope of the area also ranges from aslope gradient of 5 to 15 percent.[17]: 8
Both Mariana and Damayang Lagi are classified to be at medium-low risk in the event of a 7.2magnitudeearthquake due to its proximity to theMarikina Valley Fault System.[17]: 23 In terms of flood hazards and vulnerability, Damayang Lagi is classified to be at high risk, among the highest of all barangays in the city, while Mariana, on the other hand, is classified to be at low risk.[17]: 21
The political borders of Mariana are defined on land by theEspaña Boulevard Extension (now E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue), Ilang-ilang Street, Rosario Drive, Victoria Avenue, andAurora Boulevard, while its water boundaries are defined by the Salapan Creek (also known as theErmitaño Creek).[7]
It is bordered by Barangay Damayang Lagi to the west, Barangays Kalusugan, and Kristong Hari to the north, Barangay Immaculate Concepcion to the east, Barangays Kaunlaran and Valencia to the south, andSan Juan's Barangay Ermitaño to the southwest.
Mariana has agrid road layout, with its latitudinal roads named numerically from 1st to 13th, and its longitudinal roads serving as main thoroughfares. Victoria Avenue (named after Doña Hemady's daughter-in-law, Victoria Cortes Ysmael), Broadway Avenue,Gilmore Avenue, Doña Hemady Avenue (formerly named Pacific Avenue), andBalete Drive serve as north–south thoroughfares within the area, while Eulogio Rodriguez Sr. Avenue andAurora Boulevard serves as outlying east–west thoroughfares.[6]
All roads in the barangay are two-lane roads. Victoria Avenue, Broadway Avenue, andBalete Drive run in a two-way direction whileGilmore Avenue runs in a one-way direction going south, and Doña Hemady Avenue runs in a one-way direction going north.
Bus Route 3 (Antipolo - Quiapo via Aurora Boulevard) serves the southern perimeter of the barangay along Aurora Boulevard, with stops at Betty Go-Belmonte Street,Robinsons Magnolia, Gilmore Avenue, and Madison Street.Jeepneys run along E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue with routes going to and fromManila,Araneta City, and the Project 2 & 3 area.
The area is also served by two routes of theQuezon City Bus Service. Route 3 passes through E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue with stops at the St. Lukes Medical Center and Gilmore Avenue, while Route 6 passes through Gilmore Avenue with stops at E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue, 1st Street, and Robinsons Magnolia along Doña Hemady Avenue.[22]
Jeepneys pass through Aurora Boulevard to and from the Cubao district and Stop & Shop (a name for the area of Old Santa Mesa Road inSanta Mesa, Manila).[23]
Tricycles ply the New Manila area directly through New Manila Tricycle Operators and Drivers' Association (TODA) terminals located at Madison Street, 3rd Street corner Gilmore Avenue, and Victoria Avenue corner E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue.
Mariana is served byGilmore Station andBetty Go-Belmonte Station of theLRT Line 2.
Theseat of government of Mariana is located at 4th Street corner New Jersey Street, a compound which also includes the barangay's multi-purpose facilities andmaterials recovery facility.[1][25]
Barangay Mariana is the 56th most-populated barangay in Quezon City, with a population of 11,967 people according to the 2020 census,[3] up from a population of 11,227 people in the 2015 census.[26]
The insignia of the barangay seal is a green mango, owing to the prominence ofmango trees planted along Gilmore Avenue and Broadway Avenue that were originally planted by Doña Hemady and her laborers.[7][6]
Notable historic residents included various artists, celebrities, and politicians, among others.[10][27]
Places adjacent to Mariana, Quezon City | |
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